Calculation of heating radiators by area. Calculation of radiators for heating a private house

Before buying and installing sectional radiators (usually bimetallic and aluminum), the majority of the question arises as to how to make the calculation of radiators for the area of the room.

In this case, the calculation of heat losses will be the most correct . But it uses a huge number of coefficients, and as a result, something undervalued or, conversely, overestimated. In this regard, many use simplified options. Let us consider them in more detail.

Main settings

Please note that the correct operation of the heating system, as well as its efficiency, largely depends on its type. However, there are other parameters that affect this indicator in one way or another. These parameters include:

• Boiler output.
• Number of heating appliances.
• Power of the circulation pump.

Conducted calculations

Depending on which of the above parameters will be subject to detailed study, the corresponding calculation is made. For example, determining the required pump or gas boiler capacity.

In addition, very often it is necessary to calculate the heaters. In the process of this calculation, it is also necessary to calculate the thermal losses of the building. This is due to the fact that by making a calculation, for example, the required number of radiators, you can easily make a mistake when selecting a pump. A similar situation occurs when the pump does not cope with supplying all the radiators with the required amount of coolant.

Enlarged calculation

Calculation of heating radiators by area can be called the most democratic way. In the regions of the Urals and Siberia, the figure is 100-120 W, in the central strip of Russia - 50-100 W. The standard heater (eight sections, the interaxal distance of one section - 50 cm) has a heat transfer of 120-150 W. Bimetal radiators have slightly higher power - about 200 W. If it is a standard coolant (hot water), two cast-iron devices with 8 sections will be required for placing in 18-20 m ² with a height of 2.5-2.7 m.

What determines the number of devices

There are many factors that are recommended to consider when calculating the heat sinks of a private house:

• The heat transfer of the steam coolant is much greater than that of the water coolant.
• The more the window openings are in the room, the colder it is.
• If the height of the room is more than 3 meters, then the heat-carrier capacity is calculated based on the volume of the room, and not on the basis of its area.
• The corner room is always colder, as two of its sides face the street.
• The material from which the heating device is made has its own thermal conductivity.
• Thermal insulation of enclosing structures increases the thermal insulation of the premises.
• The lower the outside temperature, the correspondingly, more radiators should be installed.
• In the case of unilateral connection of pipelines to heating appliances, do not install more than 10 sections.
• Modern double-glazed windows increase the thermal insulation of the room.
• The presence of a ventilation system increases the heating power.
• When moving hot water in the system from top to bottom, its power is increased by about 20%.

Calculation of heating radiators by area

Given the factors listed above, you can perform a calculation. So, 1 m ² will require 100 watts, that is, to heat the room in 20 m ^2, it will take 2000 watts. One cast-iron radiator from 8 sections is able to allocate 120 watts. Divide 2000 by 120 and get 17 sections. As mentioned before, this parameter is rather enlarged.

Calculation of heating radiators of a private house with its own heater is performed according to the maximum parameters. Thus, 2000 is divided by 150 and we get 14 sections. Such a number of sections will be required for heating the room in 20 m ² .

Formula for accurate calculation

There is a rather complicated formula by which you can make an accurate calculation of the power of the radiator:

Q _t = 100 W / m ₂ × S (room) m ₂ × q1 × q2 × q3 × q4 × q5 × q6 × q7, where

Q1 - type of glazing: usual glazing - 1,27; Double glazing - 1; Triple - 0.85.

Q2 - wall insulation: bad - 1.27; Wall in 2 bricks - 1; Modern - 0.85.

Q3 - ratio of the areas of window openings to the floor: 40% - 1,2; 30% - 1.1; 20% - 0.9; 10% - 0.8.

Q4 - outside temperature (minimum): -35 ° C - 1,5; -25 ° C - 1,3; -20 ° C - 1,1; -15 ° C - 0,9; -10C ° -0.7.

Q5 - number of external walls: four - 1,4; Three - 1,3; Angular (two) - 1,2; One is 1.1.

Q6 - type of room located above the calculated: cold attic - 1; Heated attic - 0,9; Heated residential - 0,8.

Q7 - height of the premises: 4,5 m - 1,2; 4m - 1,15; 3,5 m - 1,1; 3m - 1.05; 2,5m - 1,3.

Example

Let's make calculation of radiators of the area:

The room is 25 m ² with two double-winged window apertures with triple-glazed windows, 3 m high, enclosing structures in 2 bricks, above the room there is a cold attic. The minimum air temperature in winter is + 20 ° C.

Q _t = 100 W / m ^₂ × 25 m ^₂ × 0.85 × 1 × 0.8 (12%) × 1.1 × 1.2 × 1 × 1.05

As a result, we get 2356.20 W. This number is divided into 150 watts. So, we need 16 sections for our room.

Calculation of heating radiators by area for a private country house

If for the apartments of a multi-storey house the rule is 100 W per 1 m ^{2 of} room, then for a private house this calculation will not work.

For the first floor, the power is 110-120 W, for the second and subsequent floors - 80-90 W. In this regard, multi-storey buildings are much more economical.

Calculation of the power of heating radiators by area in a private house is carried out according to the following formula:

N = S × 100 / P

In a private house it is recommended to take sections with a small margin, this does not mean that it will make you feel hot, just the wider the heating device, the less temperature you need to supply to the radiator. Accordingly, the lower the temperature of the coolant, the longer the heating system as a whole will serve.

It is very difficult to take into account all the factors that have any effect on the heat transfer of the heating device. In this case it is very important to correctly calculate the heat losses, which depend on the size of the window and door openings, the windows. However, the examples considered above make it possible to determine as accurately as possible the required number of sections of radiators and at the same time to ensure a comfortable temperature regime in the room.