Noun phrases with a noun in Russian: examples

The Russian language has a particularly difficult to understand grammar. The syntax, as one of the sections of the grammar, includes such a voluminous material, which can not be picked up by all Russian speakers and students of the Russian language. Types of subordination, phrases, sentence members , schemes of sentences and phrases - this is by no means the entire list of topics that need to be studied for the full mastery of syntax. So the word-combinations of a noun with a noun, which will be discussed in the article, is only a small part of such a large section of syntax as "Phrase".

Syntactic Concepts

The syntax deals with the sentence, the phrase, the sentence members , the actual division, the complex syntactic whole. The phrase and sentence are the leading syntactic units. This is the basis of the communicative function, since it is in them that the phonetic, derivational, lexical, morphological units of the language are built logically and grammatically. The question of what such a phrase is in the Russian language requires clarification.

Phrase

A word-combination is used to refer to the subordination of several words, more often two, where one word is the main thing (a question is asked of it), and the other is dependent (a question is asked to it). For example, what kind of valley ? Solar - this is a word combination of a noun with an adjective (the valley is the main thing, the solar one is dependent); To jump like? High, the phrase of the verb with an adverb ( jump - the main thing, highly dependent); Feeder from what? From a tree, a word-combination of a noun with a noun (the trough is the main thing, the tree is dependent).

The main word in the phrase

Depending on the part of the speech of the main word, the nominal, verb and adverb phrases are distinguished. Nominal, in turn, are substantive (in them the noun acts as the main word), adjective (the main word is an adjective), with a pronoun or a numeral. In verbal phrases the main word is represented by a verb, in adverbs - by an adverb.

In nominal word combinations, dependent words can be expressed by nouns, adjectives, numerals, pronouns, participles, verbs in the initial form, adverbs. For example, the word noun phrases with a noun: a house with a porch, a day without rain, a girl in a hat, a book on a table, a birch near a pond. Or the phrase of a noun with a numeral: the second number, the third street, the first case.

Syntactic link in the phrase

If the answer to the question what is a phrase in Russian is the statement that this is a subordinate link of several words, then it is necessary to know the types of syntactic connection in the phrase. They are given in the table below.

Phrases with nouns

Often there is an exercise in Russian, in which the task sounds - make phrases with nouns. Performing this task requires knowledge of morphology (parts of speech, case) and syntax (ways of connecting words). In the phrase, the noun can be either the main word (a bright tulip, a wound on the flight, a desire to learn ), and an addict ( walk in the woods, be friends with families, fly with a parachute ). In any case, the noun must be in any case. Determine the case of a noun in a phrase can be on the question that is assigned to it. For example, the house (where? Where?) By the sea - genitive, sit (on what? Where?) On the chair - prepositional.

The main means of expressing syntax relations in word-combinations with nouns is the pretext. He clarifies the meaning of the case, with the help of which the words are grammatically correctly arranged in the phrase. So nouns castle, stone, sea is just a list of words. But it is necessary to select the necessary prepositions, and the phrase or sentence turns out: A castle made of stone by the sea. The very form of a noun is also a powerful means of expressing grammatical relations. In the example given above, the addition of prepositions also changed the form of the words.

Another means is the traditionally fixed order of words in the phrase. For example, in phrases the noun, being the main word, is put after the adjective ( tasty fruit, juicy fruit ); Being dependent, is put after the verb (to watch the program, to put points) or before the main noun (fidelity to the word, house on the island) .

Noun phrases with a noun

In the texts of exercises in the Russian language you can meet the task of determining the type of subordinate connection in the phrase. It must be remembered that there are three of them in Russian. The coordination (in most cases) is the phrase "noun + adjective", control - "verb + noun", "noun + noun", adjacency - "verb + adverb".

Interest in the noun phrases of a noun with a noun is special, since changing the entire word combination by case will change only the main word. For example, a park in the city, near a park in the city, to a park in the city, with a park in the city, a park in the city . Most often, the type of connection in the phrase "noun + noun" will be control. However, there is a special group of immutable nouns that do not change in word combinations, and the kind of subordination to them is considered to be an adjunction: a bank with coffee, Sochi monuments, a kangaroo cub, potatoes in a stew.

Thus, word-combinations with nouns are interesting and special from the point of view of grammar.