Genital organs of animals. Reproduction of animals. The biggest and smallest animals

Many are interested in the animal world and its features. It is present in absolutely every corner of the globe. In our article you can find out information not only about the largest and smallest representatives of fauna, but also to find out what features the sexual organs of animals and the process of their reproduction possess.

General information about animals

Animals are representatives of the biological kingdom. They are the main object of study of zoology. In the cells of animals there is a centrosphere. It is for this reason that they are referred to eukaryotes. The main factors of animals include the following factors:

• Eating ready organic substances.
• Active movement.

Many believe that the animal kingdom includes only mammals. This opinion is erroneous. In fact, animals also include fish, birds, insects and many others. Previously, this biological kingdom included also microorganisms, which had only one cell. Now the term "animals" refers only to multicellular organisms.

To date, scientists have described more than a million different species of animals. The first place is occupied by arthropods. Experts suggest that the whole animal kingdom came from flagellating microorganisms. Most of the fauna species known to us appeared about 500 million years ago. However, many scientists suggest that this happened much earlier.
All animals eat other living organisms. It is for this reason that they are heterotrophs. All representatives of the fauna by the method of nutrition are divided into the following groups:

• Herbivorous.
• Carnivorous.
• Parasites.
• Omnivore.

All animals differ significantly in terms of life expectancy, diet and reproduction. It is for this reason that all representatives of the animal kingdom are treated separately.

The structure of the reproductive organs in sheep and goats. Features of the reproductive system in males

The system of reproductive organs is closely related to the functioning of the entire body. Their main purpose is the continuation of the family.

The sex organs of the male ram and goat include:

• Testes.
• Seed wires and cords.
• Genital glands.
• Scrotum.
• Genitourinary canal.
• Penis.

Reproductive organs in goats and rams produce several milliliters of seminal fluid.

The testis is the main organ of reproductive function in the male. It is the formation and development of sperm. It is also worth noting that it is the testicle that produces male hormones. The ram has this weight of 300 grams, and the goat is half as large.

The testis has an oval shape. Near it is an appendage. In it mature sperm are for a long time.

The testis is located in the scrotum. In males of small cattle it is located between the hips. The temperature in the scrotum is much lower than in the rest of the body. This factor is favorable for the development of constituent seminal fluid.

The skin of the scrotum has glands. Its surface is covered with hair. Under the skin of this organ is a flexible tissue. It forms a septum and divides the testis into two parts.

The main function of the genitourinary system is the isolation from the body of seminal fluid and urine. The organ consists of a mucous membrane and a muscular membrane, as well as a spongy layer.

Features of the reproductive system in females of small horned cattle

Sexual organs of animals of different species differ significantly. It is for this reason that each group of fauna must be treated separately.
Sexual reproductive organs of small females of the feminine gender include:

• Ovaries.
• The fallopian tubes.
• Vagina.
• Uterus.
• External genitalia.

Ovaries are organs of oval form. They are located in the lower part of the spine. It is in this body that female sex cells and hormones are formed. Almost the entire surface of the ovaries is covered with a rudimentary epithelium. Underneath is the follicular zone, in which the egg and follicle is formed.

Fallopian tube is a narrow tube that connects to the uterus. Its length varies from 12 to 16 centimeters. It is in it that fertilization takes place.
The uterus is the organ in which the fetus develops. During the birth process, she pushes the cub out, through the birth canal. Uterus consists of horns, body and neck.

Reproduction of small cattle. Fertilization and pregnancy

Reproduction is a process that is inherent in any living organism. The main goal of reproduction is the reproduction of oneself for the continuation of the family. Reproduction of vertebrates occurs due to the connection of two cells - the sperm and the egg. Their education is possible only after the onset of puberty. In small cattle, it comes on 7-8 months of life. Sexual maturity may occur later. It depends on the characteristics of the breed and the physical condition.
During the year several sheep cycles pass through the sheep and goats. Each of them on average lasts from two weeks to 20 days. Throughout the cycle, the body has a variety of changes, namely the preparation for fertilization and pregnancy.

If after the fertilization process the pregnancy does not occur, then the females of small cattle have a balancing stage. Sexual organs of animals cease to form eggs for 8-10 years of life.

In the case of fertilization in the body of females of small cattle accumulate nutrients. Pregnancy on average takes place during 5 months.

Nerve endings in the genital organs of representatives of the animal kingdom

Sexual organs of animals cause much controversy among zoologists. Nerve endings pass through them. Some zoologists believe that there is an independent nerve center in the female genitalia. However, studies of other specialists do not confirm this.

The uterus includes a large number of nerve endings that are associated with other vital organs. This fact makes it possible to explain the occurrence of severe pain during labor.

The reproductive system in horses. Features of Fertilization

Reproduction and genitals of horses have several features. This and much more you can find out in our article.

The penis and testes can be referred to the male genital organs. The reproductive organs of the female include the ovaries, the uterus, the vagina and the vulva. The period when a horse is ready for fertilization is called hunting. It lasts from 3 to 10 days. After the end of the hunting period, the female does not tolerate the close presence of the male for a month. Usually such a process occurs in the summer or autumn of the year. In the event that the pregnancy has not occurred, then the hunting period is repeated.
When breeding horses, artificial insemination is often used. This allows you to get rid of transportation problems and the unwillingness of the female to reproduce. The pregnancy can be established only by a veterinarian. For this, he examines the uterus through the rectum. Sexual organs of the animal during pregnancy noticeably swell.

Pregnancy lasts for 11 months. The duration of this process depends on the feeding, content and age of the animal. The duration of the sexual cycle in females is from 20 to 24 days.

Reproductive organs in monkeys. Difference from man

Many people think that a person has descended from a monkey. This fact is often refuted by zoologists. This is due to a significant difference in the features of structure and reproduction. Surprisingly, male apes are able to recognize when the female undergoes the period of ovulation. It's no secret that people do not have this feature. Monkeys differ in the absence of menopause. This feature is present only in one species.

The genitals of monkeys and their structure are also significantly different from human. The females lack a hymen. The sex organ of the male includes in its structure a cartilaginous bone.

Distinguish the female parrot from the male

Often, animal lovers are interested in how to distinguish a male from a female parrot. At first glance, it is impossible to do this on your own. In this article you can learn the features of sex determination.

A parrot is a small bird, which is a representative of the animal kingdom. The females have a blue, pink or brown waxen. Its color may vary depending on the total hormonal background. The females, which have reached puberty and are ready for fertilization, have a brown wax.
Sexual intercourse or its imitation can also help in sex determination. The female is always at the bottom, and only the males imitate the regenerative process.

The smallest representatives of the animal kingdom

It's no secret that the smallest animals are a rarity. Lemurs dwarf live on the island of Madagascar. Their maximum growth is 20 centimeters, and the average weight is not more than 300 grams. Lemurs are nocturnal. These animals belong to the semiannual family.
Zoologists believe that in order for an animal to exist, its weight should be at least 2.5 grams. However, there are exceptions. Dwarfish white tooth weighs one and a half grams. To maintain life, she constantly eats. The daily diet of dwarf beluga is much larger than its own weight. Surprisingly, she practically does not sleep. In order not to perish, she has to search for food 24 hours a day.

The smallest animals often cause joy and delight. Sometimes their size is shocking. It differs in its small data and the "microscopic" chameleon. Its length is not more than three centimeters, and its growth without a tail is only 16 millimeters. This chameleon was discovered in 2007. It was described by zoologists only four years ago. "Miniature" chameleons have two rows of spines along the ridge.

The smallest snakes are the narrow. Their length is 10 centimeters. Snakes narrow-mouths are not poisonous. Eggs of ants and small insects serve as food for them. Hide reptiles in the sand or under rocks. Surprisingly, the female can only tolerate one egg. It's not accidental, because the cub has a size of half its mother.

The largest animals before and now

Sarcosukh is the largest crocodile. It existed about 100 million years ago. His diet included not only fish, but also dinosaurs. This is not accidental, because its growth was about 12 meters. It is known that its weight fluctuates to 6 tons.
The largest animals have long been extinct. Another representative is a gigantoraptor. Surprisingly, the skin of this dinosaur included plumage. The giganoraptor lived about 80 million years ago in the territory of modern China. Its length was 8 meters, and the mass of 2 tons.

Brontescorpion is the largest scorpion. Its length was about 1 meter. It existed approximately 400 million years ago.

Josephofartigasiya is the largest representative among rodents. It is known that it existed 3 million years ago. Its length reached 3 meters, and weight 2 tons. It is believed that josefoarthigasii are the largest animals among the herbivores that lived in South America.

Meganevra is the largest dragonfly. Its length is half a meter. The wingspan of such a dragonfly is almost a meter. She lived 300 million years ago.

Large animals exist today. The blue whale is a marine mammal. It is believed that this is the largest animal in the world. The length of the blue whale is 30 meters, and its weight fluctuates to 180 tons. Surprisingly, only one language of this animal is more than two tons. It is worth noting that the average Asian elephant has about this weight . The mass of the heart of a blue whale is more than 500 kilograms. It feeds on plankton. On the day he eats about three tons of food.

The African elephant is the largest land animal. Males reach up to 7.5 meters in length and have a weight of up to 6 tons. Females are smaller. Their length reaches 7 meters, and the weight is 3 tons.

It's no secret that the tallest land animal is a giraffe. He lives in Africa. The length of the giraffe is 5-6 meters, and the weight varies up to 1600 kilograms. The neck of this animal is very long. It accounts for almost half of the giraffe's growth.

The largest predator in the world is the Southern Sea Elephant. Males average from 2 to 4 thousand kilograms and reach up to 6 meters in length.
The largest reptile in the world is the marine crocodile. He lives in Australia, India and Asia. The weight of an adult marine crocodile can range up to 1000 kilograms, and the length can be up to 5.5 meters. It feeds on insects, amphibians, mollusks and fish. Nevertheless, he can attack any living creature that is on its territory.

Summing up

The functioning and development of the reproductive organs in different representatives of the animal kingdom is significantly different. In our article there is information about the features of reproduction in some species. This information is of interest not only for zoologists, but also for curious people.