The human reproductive system: diseases. Reproductive system of a woman. Effect of alcohol on the reproductive system of men

Man lives according to certain laws of nature. Being a biological species, it also has the ability to extend its genus. For this, there is a special system inside the body - reproductive. It is complex to reconstruct an exact biological copy of an adult human being. The human reproductive system has been studied for a very long time, since the conception of the child is a very delicate and complex process.

Sometimes we meet couples who would like to have children, but for several years now it has not been possible to get pregnant. Blame for all the disruption of the functioning of this very human reproductive system. There are several reasons why women and men have problems with procreation. Let's try to understand them.

What is reproduction?

The human reproductive system is a set of organs and processes in the body aimed at the reproduction of a biological species. This system, unlike other systems of the body, develops quite a long time and differs by sex. It's not a secret for anyone that women have sex organs alone, men are different. It is this difference that complements each other in the process of conception and the birth of a child.

Reproductive system of a woman

This system is complicated due to the fact that it is the woman who is intended to endure and feed the child in the first years of life. Therefore, representatives of the fair sex live in cycles, so that all the processes in the body proceed correctly. Here we are talking about the allocation of special hormones on different days of the cycle by different organs of the reproductive system.

The following organs represent the reproductive system of women:

• hypothalamus;
• Ovaries;
• Adenohypophysis;
• uterus;
• the fallopian tubes;
• vagina;
• mammary gland.

All of them are aimed at supporting the process of formation and growth of yet another small life.

Hypothalamus causes the entire cycle of a woman to work from the beginning of the egg to the end of its function.

Adenohypophysis is responsible for the production of hormones of the reproductive system.

Ovaries perform two main functions: providing ovulation from the beginning to the end, as well as cyclical isolation of the main female hormones.

Uterus is the main reproductive organ of a woman, since the child is formed precisely in it, it is also responsible for the proper course of menstruation and synthesizes the receptors to the main female hormones.

Fallopian tubes are so named because they transport a fertilized egg into a safer and more convenient place for the embryo - the uterus.

The vagina as a way of sperm to the egg, and also it is a continuation of the birth canal at the time of the birth of the child.

Mammary glands are needed in order to nurture and grow this child.

Male reproductive system

Unlike the female complex reproductive system, men have a system for reproducing similar ones to themselves a little easier. This is due to the fact that their task is only the fertilization, but not the bearing and the birth of children.

The reproductive system of men is represented by the following organs:

• penis;
• Scrotum, which contains testicles;
• prostate;
• Seminal vesicles.

In addition, the sexual behavior of men is governed by hormones. They are produced by the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. Man is also not easy in the device of the reproductive system. It turns out that with ejaculation a man stands out about 300-400 million spermatozoa. This indicates a complex hormonal work taking place in the body of the stronger sex. Naturally, not all spermatozoa reach the egg, but those "lucky ones" who have it turned out determine the sex of the unborn child.

Influence of negative factors on the reproductive system of women and men

Our body is arranged very correctly, and we must support its vital functions in order to provide them with basic functions. The reproductive system, like other systems in our body, is subject to the influence of negative factors. These are external and internal causes of disruptions in its work.

Influence on the reproductive system is provided by ecology. If there is bad air in the region, there will often be cases of infertility in couples or miscarriages. Especially in the summer, cities with industrial enterprises are covered with a gray haze - smog, which can consist of almost the entire table of chemical elements of Mendeleev. Accordingly, a person breathes this air, substances (formaldehyde, nitrogen, sulfur, mercury, metals) are absorbed into the blood. As a consequence, for the conception of a child, oxygen and other substances can be elementaryly lacking, and due to the fault of bad ecology, changes in the internal sex organs of a woman and a man can occur.

It should be noted the great influence of alcohol on the reproductive system. Already many times we have heard about the dangers of alcoholic beverages, but people often think that they will not be affected by the consequences of an incorrect lifestyle. Alcohol can lead to a child's ugliness. Children whose mothers used alcohol during their pregnancy will probably have weak immunity, internal pathologies, delay in psycho-speech development, and so on can arise. Immediately the consequences of an incorrect lifestyle may not manifest. The reproductive system of a woman is more susceptible to the negative effects of alcohol. Since a man with each sexual act is allocated spermatozoa, alcohol is not delayed for a long time in the genetic material, which is then passed on to the child. Egg cycle for at least 30 days. All these days, toxins from alcoholic beverages in it are preserved, having its effect on the body of a woman and a child.

The reproductive system can also spoil a sedentary lifestyle. On a woman, he is little reflected (although overweight is often the cause of non-pregnancy). But a man can very seriously suffer from constant sedentary work or unwillingness to exercise. It's about prostatitis, which we'll discuss below, and reduce the speed of sperm movement. The mobility of these cells is very important, they, like the conquerors, are advancing towards the ovum. If their movement is weak, non-intensive, then pregnancy will not come.

Pathology of reproductive system functioning

The human reproductive system, as we have already learned, is subject to various negative environmental influences and not only. As a result of these influences, pathologies arise in the work of the organs of this system. We'll talk about them.

Cervical erosion

This pathology occurs when the mucous membrane loses its outer cells - the epithelium. There are two types of this disease: true erosion and false. The first arises when the epithelium is sloughing off. This process is influenced by various factors, in particular, pathological discharge from the cervical canal. Sometimes there is not a sloughing, but a replacement of this epithelium, then the pathology will be characterized as false. Erosion of the cervix can occur due to ruptures during labor, with various manipulations, in particular abortions, as well as in case of mucous membrane eversion. With this pathology, only the female reproductive system suffers.

Chlamydia

This pathology occurs when you get an infection that is transmitted sexually. It can be asymptomatic, but it can be accompanied by severe pain and specific discharge after sexual intercourse. The disease is dangerous inflammation inside the pelvis, fallopian tubes, ovaries. This inflammation does not pass without a trace. If the disease is not treated in time, there may be persistent pain, an ectopic pregnancy may occur or infertility may develop.

Herpes

This disease is typical for both men and women. It can be transmitted sexually, and it can arise because of other causes: hypothermia, traumatization of the skin, pathology of the functioning of the endocrine glands.

Sexual herpes is characterized by sharp pains, itching, tingling. Then on the genitals there is a stain - the basis for the rashes. This is a few bubbles that first contain a clear liquid, and then there may be purulent crusts or permanently moist erosion. In complex cases, a person may have chills, muscle aches and weakness.

Uterine fibroids in women

This disease also occurs because of an infectious infection or a malfunction in the endocrine system. Also common causes of uterine fibroids are frequent abortions, scraping, poor ecology in the region, heredity. But you can not throw everything off to external causes that do not depend on us. We must monitor our body to prevent such pathologies.

Myoma can manifest itself through pains in the lower abdomen, changes in the cycle of menstruation. At this disease whole blood clots can be allocated, it can be very much.

Candidiasis or thrush

This disease worries almost half the total population of women. To date, until the end it is not known why some suffer more from it, while others do not. The main symptoms of thrush are:

• Pain during urination;
• Itching in the vagina;
• Pain during intercourse;
• Selection, in their appearance resembling cottage cheese;
• Constant unpleasant sensations in the genital area.

Candidiasis is difficult to cure, so with all these symptoms you need to see a doctor. The main causes of thrush are: sexually transmitted infections, long-term antibiotic intake, pregnancy, weak immunity, diabetes mellitus. Men also often have thrush.

The development of polycystic ovaries in women

This disease originates from disorders in the endocrine system. Polycystic ovary can lead to infertility, so it must be treated promptly. The disease manifests through amenorrhea, frequent and thick hair growth, obesity. It is important in time to see a doctor for advice, because you do not prescribe an adequate treatment yourself.

Prostatitis as a path to male infertility

Influence on the reproductive system of men of different infections can lead to the fact that they will become infertile. Therefore, men should follow the way of their life. It is important for them not to let themselves slack and to warm up physically. Common diseases of the reproductive system are supplemented purely by men. One such most common is prostatitis.

This disease occurs when the prostate gland inflames, there are pains in the prostate. Sometimes the disease runs unnoticed, causing more harm to the reproductive system of men. This is due to violations of the function of the genital organs and spermatogenesis. These pathological processes lead to a decrease in potency. Prostatitis can be complicated by vesiculitis, that is, an inflammatory process in seminal vesicles. This insidious disease affects up to 80% of men, especially in adulthood, when all the processes in the body slow down.

The male reproductive system can suffer from bacterial and non-bacterial prostatitis. Quite often it goes into a chronic form. This condition is very difficult to treat, because the bacterium acquires resistance to drugs. Prostatitis is frequent and painful urge to urinate, pain can accompany sexual intercourse. This disease can lead to kidney disease. It is important to carry out preventive measures.

Adenoma of the prostate in men

Adenoma is a benign tumor in the region of the neck of the bladder. The disease is typical for older men - 50-60 years. It has several stages, the earlier it is recognized, the more you can warn yourself against complications.

This disease can not immediately manifest itself. The first symptom can be considered minor disturbances of urination. This can manifest itself in reducing the tension of the jet, a person can often want to go to the bathroom at night, there are feelings that the bladder is not completely emptied. In addition, there may be blood in the urine and unpleasant sensations in the lower abdomen. There may be a loss of appetite, as well as a man prone to constant fatigue.

All diseases of the reproductive system can be prevented if one's health is monitored.