Treatment of the omission of the kidney. Kidney failure - causes and consequences

The omission of the kidney is called nephroptosis. This is a pathology in which these organs have excessive mobility. Normally, the kidneys can move 1-2 cm up or down. This occurs when the position of the body changes, as well as during breathing. With nephroptosis in the vertical position, the kidney descends into the abdominal cavity, and in severe cases - even into the small pelvis (wandering organ).

Etiology

The kidneys are held in a suitable position with the help of special ligaments. With their weakening, these organs can shift much more than it happens when everything is normal.

If the omission of the kidney develops, the causes of this pathology may be the following:

• A sharp weight loss, which leads to a reduction in the fatty capsule;
• Hereditary overextension of connective fibers (eg, in the Ehlers Danlo syndrome);
• Sharp lifting of the load or injury in the lumbar region, which leads to damage to the ligament apparatus;
• The formation of hematoma in the perineal cellulose tissue;
• When there is a drop in the kidney, the causes of this disease may include stretching the muscles of the abdominal press, which, for example, happens during pregnancy;
• Heavy physical activity;
• Infectious diseases of the kidneys.

Clinic. Features of pain syndrome with nephroptosis

First, there are no clinical manifestations. Subsequently, there are unpleasant sensations in the lumbar region. First, the pain has a pulling or aching, less often a stitching character, quickly disappears, is not pronounced. Then it becomes more intense, permanent, draining the patient.

Pain in the lowering of the kidneys first arise after physical exertion, severe coughing or as a result of lifting loads and decrease in the position on the back. It should be noted that their location is quite different - not only in the kidney area, but also in the back, abdomen, under the shoulder blade. This is due to the fact that the displaced kidney compresses adjacent organs. Sometimes pain in nephroptosis imitates renal colic and is characterized by irradiation into the genitals or inguinal region. During a painful attack, nausea and vomiting, fever may occur.

Patients also show decreased appetite, constipation or diarrhea, functional disorders of the nervous system (neurasthenia, increased excitability), dizziness, insomnia and palpitations.

Degrees of nephroptosis

Distinguish the following degrees of omission of the kidneys:

• The first - the kidney can be palpated during inspiration through the anterior abdominal wall. In this case, the patient may have aching pain in the lower back, which in the supine position disappear. During exhalation, it moves to the hypochondrium. It should be noted that only the very thin people can feel the kidney, it is not palpable in all others.

• The second degree - in the vertical position of the diseased kidney completely exits from the hypochondrium, but when lying down, it returns to its place. Her without pain can be adjusted with her hands. At this stage of the disease, lower back pains become more intense and spread to the abdominal region. They increase with physical exertion and disappear if the patient lies.

• Third - the kidney in any position emerges from the hypochondrium and can fall into the small pelvis. Patients at the same time complain of constant pain in the abdomen, which can give to the lumbar region. In the urine after exercise, blood appears.

Complications

It should be noted that nephroptosis is a pathological process that leads to severe consequences. With a significant displacement of the kidneys, the ureter is twisted and bent, resulting in a normal urine outflow. This leads to an increase in pelvis and provokes a hydronephrosis transformation.

In most cases, stagnation of urine causes pyelonephritis. Also can be observed urolithiasis and hematuria (appearance of urine in the urine of blood impurities). In addition, nephroptosis can provoke spontaneous miscarriages, lead to a stroke and total loss of ability to work, so timely access to a doctor is the key to preventing a number of pathological conditions that in some cases pose a threat to life.

When the omission of the kidney develops, the consequences of this pathology may include arterial hypertension, which is associated with impaired blood supply to the diseased organ.

Conservative therapy

Treatment for the omission of the kidney depends on the degree of the disease. At the initial stages, orthopedic techniques are effective. Patients are asked to wear special bandages, which are made for each patient individually. It should be noted that they should be worn in a lying position, and tightened during exhalation. Contraindication to such therapy is fixation of the omitted kidneys with spikes.

If the cause of the pathology is a sharp decrease in weight, then the treatment of kidney lowering must necessarily include a corresponding diet, the purpose of which is to increase the peripoint fatty layer. Patients are also advised to restrict salt and meat in their diet to reduce the burden on the diseased organ.

To eliminate the pain syndrome patients are prescribed antispasmodics and pain medications. A positive effect gives warm baths and a position with raised legs. If kidney inflammation develops , antibiotic therapy is included in the complex treatment.

It is important to strengthen the muscle fibers of the abdominal and back. For this purpose, massage courses are offered, as well as therapeutic gymnastics. At the first stage of ovulation of the kidneys, sanatorium-and-spa treatment, restriction of exercise and jumping are recommended.

Exercises to correct nephroptosis

A set of special exercises should be performed in the morning (on an empty stomach and on a soft mat). Before classes it is recommended to drink warm water. The duration of the exercises should be at least 30 minutes.

1. You need to lie on your back with knees bent at the knees. When inhaling, you should inflate your belly, holding your breath, and draw it in with an exhalation.

2. Take the previous starting position. When inhaling - lift vertically upward elongated leg, with exhalation - lower it.

3. Lie on your back and raise your legs, keeping your knees together. Make a breath and dilute the limbs, and on exhalation cross them.

4. Lie on your back and put a roller under your waist (you can apply a pillow). On inspiration - bend the right leg, on exhalation - lower it. Repeat the exercise with your left foot.

5. Lie on your back, place your arms along the trunk, legs bend at the knees (the feet should be on the floor), alternately raise the left or right foot.

6. In the prone position, bend the lower limbs in the knees, place the ball between them and squeeze it for a few seconds, repeating 4-5 times.

When properly performed, such a gymnastics when the kidney is lowered gives a good therapeutic effect.

Surgical therapy

It is indicated for severe pain that leads to loss of ability to work, chronic pyelonephritis with frequent exacerbations, and also with a significant loss of kidney function. Operative treatment of the omission of the kidney is also used in orthostatic hypertension, hydronephrosis and bleeding.

If nephroptosis is accompanied by a marked inflammatory process in the kidneys, antibiotic therapy is first performed. A few days before the operation, patients should sleep with their legs elevated. This facilitates the return of the lowered kidney to its normal position and facilitates the conduct of surgical intervention.

The essence of surgical treatment is the fixation of the kidneys to the muscles of the abdominal wall. It should be noted that there are several surgical techniques if the kidney is down. The causes of this pathology, the peculiarities of its course and the presence of certain complications affect the way in which the surgeon will perform the surgical intervention.

Folk methods of nephroptosis treatment

Methods of traditional medicine can only prevent the progression of the disease and reduce the manifestations of pain syndrome. They can not return the affected organ to its former state.

The omission of the kidney develops. What to do? First you should consult a doctor. He will determine the most optimal therapeutic tactics and the possibility of using one or another folk method of treatment.

As a rule, to improve the work of the affected kidneys, it is recommended to flush the flax seeds with water, sprinkle them with powdered sugar and fry in a dry frying pan, after which take 3 tsp per day, chewing well. Also, you can brew the stems of the kohia broom and take the resulting liquid before eating. A positive effect with nephroptosis is the use of infusion from sporrows, rosehip leaves and Echinacea flowers for a month, as well as taking baths in a decoction of straw and oats.

If the patient's condition does not improve, the therapeutic tactics should be changed.

Prophylaxis of nephroptosis

Treatment of the omission of the kidney is much more complicated than its prevention:

• It is necessary to follow the posture from the child age and not allow deformations of the spine;

• If it is necessary to carry the load, it should be evenly distributed into two hands.

• In the asthenic type of the structure, strength exercises are contraindicated.

• Excessive physical activity, forced body position, prolonged standing or sitting, and exposure to vibration should be avoided.

• When pregnant, you need to wear an antenatal bandage.

• You can not bring yourself to asthenia with debilitating diets.

• Protect yourself from injuries, especially in the lumbar region.

• It is necessary to strengthen the muscles of the abdominal press. To do this, you should regularly exercise.

• If any discomfort or pain is felt in the lower back, immediately consult your doctor, take the appropriate tests or undergo the necessary instrumental examinations. It is worth remembering that self-medication can lead to a number of serious kidney diseases or even to the loss of the affected organ.