Hyperplasia of the endometrium: symptoms, causes, effects, types

One of the most common gynecological diseases is endometrial hyperplasia. It is dangerous because it can turn into cancer and cause infertility. There are several types of disease that lead to a malignant process with varying degrees of probability.

Precisely to diagnose it is possible only after a histology of an endometrium, received at a biopsy or a curettage. The last manipulation is also a medical procedure. It is better to conduct it under the control of hysteroscopy. This increases the effectiveness and safety of scraping.

Suspected a hyperplasia doctor can based on the patient's complaints, as well as the results of ultrasound. During this study, the thickness of the endometrium is determined . Too much of its value may indicate the presence of hyperplasia. However, the effectiveness of ultrasound in the diagnosis of this pathology is only 80%.

So, endometrial hyperplasia symptoms:

• Bleeding from the uterus of varying intensity and duration;

• infertility;

• Sparing excretions between menstruations;

• Violation of the cycle;

• Monthly can be copious and painful;

• Amenorrhea is possible.

However, this disease can also be asymptomatic. Hyperplasia of the endometrium in postmenopause is manifested by uterine bleeding, which is considered to be a precancerous state of the endometrium.

Histology makes it possible to determine the type of hyperplasia. This is important for choosing treatment and prognosis tactics. The most unpleasant option is atypical hyperplasia, which most often turns into cancer. It requires observation by gynecologists-oncologists.

If such a diagnosis is made for women of reproductive age who still want to have children, they are strongly recommended to become pregnant after a successful treatment. Then ablation of the endometrium is carried out, after which the bearing of the child is no longer possible. If the disease recurs, then the question of removing the uterus is raised.

Hyperplasia of the endometrium in menopause, which does not lend itself to conservative treatment, is an indication for surgical intervention. The ablation of the endometrium or removal of the uterus is carried out, especially with atypical form.

Conservative treatment of hyperplasia is carried out by hormones. The regimen of reception and a preparation are selected individually. Used COCs, gestagens, drugs that cause an artificial menopause. It is advisable to conduct a hormonal examination before prescribing the treatment.

The choice of methods of treatment depends on the age, concomitant diseases, the desire to have children, the type of disease, the possibility to be observed by a specialist, the desire of the patient herself. Hyperplasia of the endometrium, the symptoms of which have been described above, is due to a hormonal imbalance, in which the amount of estrogen is increased and the level of progesterone is lowered.

Such violations are a consequence of anovulation, ovarian tumors , PCOS, obesity. In addition, because of inadequate hormone therapy, estrogen can cause endometrial hyperplasia. Symptoms of the disease, such as anemia, fatigue, weakness occur with large blood loss, in which the patient enters the hospital.

With successful treatment to prevent recurrence of the disease should be observed with a specialist five years after hormone therapy, and 6 months after surgical treatment. Every six months, the doctor is examined, ultrasound, histological examination.

So, endometrial hyperplasia, the symptoms of which are uterine bleeding, infertility, cycle disorders, can turn into a malignant process. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct timely treatment, which can be conservative and / or operative.