Types of plastic, properties, photos

Plastic, or plastic, is an organic material based on high-molecular compounds - polymers. The view that plastic is more durable and quality material than plastic is wrong. The difference between these concepts is only in their name. Types of plastic, its types, classification, marking, areas of use are huge.

What it is

Plastic products have firmly entered our life. Particularly widely used plastics based on synthetic polymers. The manufacturing process is a transition of a material under the influence of heating and pressure from a flowing state to a solid state. The development of plastics began with the use of natural ingredients. Later they were replaced with chemically modified materials. Now for the manufacture of plastics used completely synthetic molecules - polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, epoxy. And the secret of popularity in the following: the simplicity of production, practicality, affordable price.

Main characteristics

Types and properties of plastic, its weldability Primarily depend on the polymer from which it is made. The physical and mechanical properties of plastics are also affected by all kinds of additives, additives, stabilizers, pigments, organic and inorganic fibers. Some, for example, protect the plastic from the effects of ultraviolet radiation.

Basically the material is white or transparent. When adding dyes, plastic is able to acquire any color. In this way, a mirror plastic can be made. Most plastics are multi-component and composite materials. The plastic has a low density. Resistant to acids and alkalis. It has low heat and electrical conductivity. Most species can be easily processed. This allows you to make pressed products from raw materials, as well as use sheet plastic, combining thermoforming with machining.

Areas of use of plastics

The scope of plastics is enormous. Starting with the use in shipbuilding, aircraft construction, finishing with agriculture, medicine and life. Impressive kinds of plastic. Photos show only a small fraction of the products:

• Plastics are widely used in the manufacture of parts for large vehicles, as well as for interior decoration of interiors.
• The development of agriculture implies the use of plastic in melioration, the production of packaging materials for the storage of agricultural products, the construction of film shelters and greenhouses.
• A lot of medical instruments, special utensils, packaging for medicines are made of plastics.
• In the construction it is metal-plastic pipes and connecting parts. An alternative to glass is the construction of light or transparent plastics.
• In everyday life - the use of all kinds of containers, bottles, bags, children's toys and much more.

Transparent plastic

Types of plastic include thermoplastic PVC, which is mainly used for sheet materials. It is used in construction, outdoor advertising and other areas. A variety of sheet material is a transparent plastic. Depending on the light transmission capacity, the material can both delay and pass some of the ultraviolet rays. It can be transparent and translucent colored sheet materials.

Types of transparent plastic are plexiglas, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyester glass, transparent PVC sheets. First of all, they differ in their impact resistance. Polycarbonate is more stable. The most elastic is polyester glass. Light transmission capacity is higher for plexiglas, it is the most transparent and uncomplicated, it is well processed. Transparent plastic is used for glazing windows, goggles and police shields, making plastic bottles. Transparent plastic can have different shades.

Plastic facades

Types of plastic for facades are divided into sheet and roll. A hard and hard sheet of material is a high-pressure plastic. Rolled plastic of cold or medium pressure is of lower quality and cheaper than sheet metal. This material in rolls resembles a PVC film. It is also used in the manufacture of furniture facades.

Types of plastic for the kitchen have a different basis. Some do based on chipboard, and it is cheaper than the base of MDF. Sheet plastic is thermally stable, it is not prone to scratches, chips, shocks, does not deform, does not fade and does not burn out. The material does not peel off from the substrate, is not afraid of moisture, it is easy to clean. The disadvantage of facade parts is that they can only be level, without milling, and smooth in texture.

Finish

And today plastic remains a popular building material. Basically, different types of plastic are used for finishing offices. But if you have a fantasy and with a competent design, this material will look great in finishing the apartment. Plastic can be sewn any surface, be it a ceiling or walls. The main kind of material for the ceiling surfaces are PVC panels. The dimensions of the panels vary widely. Individual elements are joined together by means of stiffeners (on one side the panel has a groove, and on the other - a spike). The material is light and safe. Convenient for transportation and easy to assemble.

Plastic, having a moisture resistance, is used in bathrooms and in the cladding of balconies. It is used for arranging slopes and finishing ceilings. With a successful and competent choice of plastic will get an excellent entrance. Plastic panels can be matte or glossy, imitate wood or stone.

Advantages and disadvantages

In some areas of human life many types of plastic are approved for use by the Ministry of Health:

• Material resistant to weather conditions. It has good electrical insulation and is not combustible.
• It is easy to process. Easily welded and glued. It is possible to cut and form the necessary structures.
• The material is inexpensive. For a long time it retains its original appearance. Not afraid of moisture.
• Has a rich color range. Sheet transparent plastic has shockproof and fire-resistant properties. From it you can get products of various shapes.
• Foamed PVC is resistant to temperature changes. When decorating the room plays the role of sound and heat insulator. Suitable for equipping awnings, street signs, signage, objects of advertising.

Like any material, plastic has some disadvantages:

• Exposed to the action of many organic solvents.
• Elements of plastic can deform under heavy loads or high temperatures.