Thoroughbred horse (photo)

Thoroughbred horse is a horse, the breeding of which was practiced in England. Initially, these animals were known as the English race, but after the breed began almost everywhere, the name was changed.

Characteristic

The horses of this breed are recognized speed champions: a gallop with a speed of 1 km / min is considered the norm for them. Short and medium distances, these animals on average pass at a speed of 60 km / h. Distances longer than 3 km thoroughbred horseback passes at a speed of about 55 km / h. The record of speed is Beach Rekit, which passed a distance of a quarter mile (409.26 m) in Mexico City at a speed of 69.69 km / h. Thoroughbred English horse can participate in races only with representatives of the same breed, as any of such horses is much faster and stronger than any other breed. A well-developed system of racing and training provided an opportunity to get these animals. Figuratively speaking, the pureblood "was born in races." Her very body, her external and internal data just scream about the purpose of the horse. Growth at the withers in animals of this breed is 155-170 centimeters. The neck is set obliquely, the length is medium. The body is dry, even lean. Deep chest with long shoulders. Hips and croups have a set of well-developed muscles, powerful. Strong, relatively long legs. Thoroughbred horse has a more powerful and larger heart than any other horse. In addition, lung volume is also much larger. At rest, the pulse is approximately equal to 60 beats per minute. At the time of active jump - up to 140 strokes. The bay and red color predominate. Less common are horses of brown color, and it is very rare to find an animal with gray or black color. There can be no other options.

Only the horse whose parents are in the breeding book can be considered purebred, being, respectively, purebred. If a nickname of an animal not belonging to the breed is found in the pedigree, neither the horse itself nor its ancestors, which go back to the uncleaved one, are recognized as belonging to the breed. In a pedigree book such an animal can not be entered. However, despite this, horses will be prohibited from participating in any official races. It is thanks to this approach in thoroughbred horses, for the entire three hundred-year history of their existence, they did not experience the influence of someone else's blood. F. Thezio in his "Race horses breeding" wrote that only those horses whose thoroughness can be tracked down to the mares and stallions listed in the very first book of General Studubuk, which was published back in 1793, have the right to be considered purebred.

History

Considering the fact that by the 18th century Great Britain was a very strong military state, fast riding horses to the troops were extremely necessary. There was even introduced a standard of growth, which corresponded to all army mounted mounts. Moreover, neither use nor letting such horses in the breeding was impossible. Simultaneously, many owners of stud farms began to import from other countries elite breeds of mounted animals. A huge number of horse races, the use of horses in the hunt, made it possible to identify the most rugged individuals who were the producers. Thus, by the middle of the 18th century, the stables of the English king were full of elite horses with excellent quicknesses.

Ancestors

The mother base in the work on breeding a fast horse capable of satisfying the demands of the army and the nobility, wishing to have excellent animals for the races, were various breeds of mares. Most of the queens were taken from the royal plants. Preference was given to mares with impurities of eastern, Spanish and Hungarian blood. 50 of them became the ancestors of the new breed. When breeding, more than 200 stallions were used, almost all of which were of Eastern origin.

Despite the huge number of producers involved in breeding work, the English thoroughbred horse is due to its existence to three stallions: Turk Beerlei, brought to England in 1683, Godolphin Barb, who appeared in the country in the 1730s, and Darley Arabian, who was used with 1710 year.

Beerley was captured during the siege of Bud, than glorified the captain, whose name the stallion was named. He became the first ancestor who arrived in the UK. The Turk proved to be an excellent producer, although he managed to cover a small number of mares. Contrary to his first name, most likely this stallion was of Arab blood. Turk Beerlei founded a line of purebreds, the most famous of which was Herod (born in 1758). Herod, in turn, was a very successful producer.

Darley Arabian was born in 1700 in Syria, where he was bought by Tamas Darley in 1704. The stallion was used in breeding by its customer. He had a huge number of mares. Particularly successful are mating with Betty Leeds, who brought extremely important for the breed foals: Flain Chlders and Chalders Barlet. On the line of one of the foals Darley Arabian became the great-great-great-grandfather of Eslips, who was born on 04/04/1764. Darley is the most important of the three producers in terms of impact on the breed. Thoroughbred horse horse.

Godolfin Barb was born in Yemen. As a gift was presented to the French king, but bought by an Englishman. The most important direct descendant of the stallion was Metcham, born in 1748 from Keid, born by Godolphin and Roxanne.

Spread

The first volume of the studbook was published in 1793. Already at that time, there was a rule that forbade entering into the book the nickname of a horse that did not have at least one ancestor, which goes back to Eclipse, to Harrod or Matches. The official recognition of the breed occurred in 1821. Soon rules were developed for participation in horse racing of this breed, which are still in force. The rules take into account the physiology and temperament of purebreds. The jockeys were equipped with short stirrups, which do not constrain the movement of the horse. At the same time, the weight of the ammunition and the jockeys themselves is strictly regulated - it should not exceed 60 kg.

Breed in Russia

Thoroughbred horse horse appeared in our country even during the formation of the breed. In 1825, a leap society was established in Lebedyan. Public and private factories began to appear on which they cultivated this breed. The first races with a tote, which contributed to the development of the breed, were held in 1876. The prize money has increased significantly. The main races were held in Moscow, Warsaw and Tsarskoye Selo.

To date, the native breeds of purebred horse breeds lags far behind representatives of foreign branches. Until recently, animals bred in our country could compete with foreign counterparts, but today they can compete only with Russian horses. This breed in our country is bred in the Stavropol and Krasnodar regions and in the republics of the North Caucasus. Most hippodromes are located in the same regions. An exception is only Moscow, where horse races are held from May to September.

Influence on other breeds

Thoroughbred riding, photo of which beautifies any catalog of rocks, is used in almost all countries to improve other breeds of different directions. A huge number of breeds have been improved thanks to the blood of purebreds. It's amazing that without a thoroughbred there can not be many breeds, while they themselves have been divorced for 300 years without merging with other breeds, only improving their qualities.

Using

Thoroughbred horse breed was withdrawn for participation in races - on smooth and barrier paths. For ordinary lovers, this horse is not suitable because of the explosive nature and vigor. They need the hands of the master and the daily grueling leaps.

In addition, horses of this breed are used in hunting for foxes, in triathlon. Animals that do not show themselves in sports are given to improve other breeds, which is also important.

Champions of the twentieth century

Thoroughbred riding horse, the photo of which is attached, excellently manifests itself in races. It is for this reason that the number of champions is huge. However, Colin, who won all the starts in which he participated - in the number of 15 for 1907 and 1908, showed himself especially in the 20th century.

In addition, the Fighter, Men o'Var, Ekupois, Count Fleet, Cytech, Univ Dinser, Calso, Secretariat, Foego and many other horses of this magnificent breed have become famous.