Homeliness, Do it yourself
The dry land itself with the help of banks
Despite the widest assortment of strong alcoholic drinks on the windows of our stores, a lot of lovers of hot drink prefer their own alcohol. And it's not just about saving money. The quality of modern vodka is very often questioned, and the amount of poisoning purchased "fired" products from year to year is growing. That's how the "kulibins" master the apparatus in their kitchens. And each of them wants to get the most pure product of the highest fortress. For this, the scheme of the classic home-brewed apparatus is often supplemented by various cleaning constructions. We describe the device of one of them in this article.
The design of the moonshine
The samogonous device, as a rule, consists of a distillation cube and a refrigerator connected to each other. As the first very often used aluminum milk cans. They are very convenient for this role, as they are hermetically sealed, and to convert such a container into a still, you only need to drill a hole in the lid. Other capacities from slightly oxidizable metals (stainless steel, copper, galvanized steel) can also be used.
The refrigerator can be made of a copper tube 0.5-0.8 mm in diameter, twisted in a spiral. This design has air or water cooling. In the first case, the coil is cooled by external air, which is not very effective. With water cooling, the refrigerator is located in a vessel with standing water, which is changed as it warms up.
More advanced brewing machines have cooling by running water. The spiral itself is welded into a large hermetically sealed container, which has bends for water inlet and outlet. A continuous water stream perfectly cools the spiral, so that the alcoholic vapor condenses very quickly and turns into a liquid.
From which they drive moonshine
Homemade moonshine is made from berg. It is obtained by fermenting products containing sugar. The simplest recipe for brewing is mixing a certain proportion of water, sugar and beer or baker's yeast. About a week later, a semi-transparent bitter must is prepared for distillation.
Also, moonshine can be driven from any fermented juice, including wine. This is how the calvados are obtained from apple wort, and from the wine - chacha.
What is a dry cell and why is it needed?
The classic design of the moonshine does not provide any additional devices. However, the content of fusel oils and other harmful impurities, which also have a rather unpleasant smell, makes alcohol toxic and unpleasant to the taste.
To reduce the concentration of such substances in the brew, the craftsmen invented a dephlegmator (a dry cell). Self-made apparatus, made by hand, simply must have a similar cleaning system. Otherwise, it will be very unpleasant to drink, and it is a shame to treat friends.
The main purpose of the drywall is to get rid of unnecessary moisture and impurities contained in alcohol vapors at the initial stage. Buy in the store this adaptation is impossible. Therefore, home-brewers make a drywall with their own hands. Its design is quite simple and does not require any special knowledge in the field of chemistry, nor the purchase of expensive materials.
Principle of operation of a dry cell
The principle of operation of a dry cell is quite simple. It is based on the process of gas purification by liquid (bubbling). Heated alcohol vapors are fed into the vessel, where they are cooled, settling on its walls, or dissolve in the liquid in it.
The high temperature inside the reflux condenser stimulates the separation of lighter fractions, which, when lifted up, are pushed into the outlet tap under high pressure. Similarly, the tobacco smoke in the hookah is cleared and cooled.
We collect the dike-house with our own hands
The alcohol pairs at the outlet from the dry cell contain one third less of the various harmful impurities. In addition, the water content in them also decreases significantly, which increases the strength of the output liquid by several degrees.
If it is really possible to achieve such indicators of cleaning the future drink at the initial stage, then why not make a drywall with their own hands? Drawings here are not needed. Everything is done by eye out of improvised materials. So, we need:
- 3-liter glass jar with a screw cap;
- 2 copper (brass) gas fittings with screw-on nuts and rubber washers;
- A piece of copper or aluminum tube, according to the diameter of the fitting suitable for the nut;
- Automotive sealant (red);
- Drill with a drill;
- Round file.
If there are listed materials and tools at hand, it will take no more than 40 minutes to make a dry cell with your own hands at home. Connecting it to the main structure will take about half an hour.
We make a dry cell with our own hands from the banks
After preparing the necessary materials, you need to make sure that the lid tightly closes the jar. In the event that the tightness of the tank is broken, the steam under pressure will escape from it, thereby leading to the loss of a valuable potion and filling the room with an unpleasant odor. If the connection density is normal, then you can begin to collect the dry cell with your own hands from the jar. A photo of its main elements as they are assembled is shown below.
Unscrew the lid and use a drill to make two holes in it. Round the file expand them to such a size that they could enter the lower parts of the gas fittings. The edges of the holes made from the bottom of the lid are covered with a layer of automotive sealant and we place rubber washers on it. From above, insert the fittings threaded down and grab them with nuts. As a result, we should get a lid with two hermetically sealed bends. But that is not all.
We have collected the simplest dry cell with our own hands from the can. In principle, everything can be left and so, it will work. However, in order for the cleaning process to be more thorough, it is necessary that the steam from the inlet nozzle enter the liquid. To do this, to its lower part in any convenient way you need to attach a pre-prepared tube (copper, aluminum, metal-plastic). Its length should be such that from the bottom of the can to its lower end was approximately 8-10 mm. Now that's all.
As you can see, making a dry cell by own hands - the process is absolutely not costly and not so complicated. But now the drinks you produce will have a more noble taste and smell.
How to connect a dry cell to a distillation cube
If the question of how to make a dry cell with their own hands can be considered closed, then the question of how to connect it to the main structure remains relevant. After all, in addition, what you need to think through and make a reliable line for the steam, you need to take care of its tightness.
Usually copper pipes are used for this purpose. They are sold in automotive markets and in shops selling spare parts to ventilation systems. The cross-section of the tube should be selected based on the thickness of the fittings used by us. It is desirable that the internal diameter of our pipeline is several millimeters larger than the nozzle itself. This will connect them without any problems, without using additional funds.
So, the length of the tube is calculated based on the distance at which the distillation cube and the dry cell will be located from each other. Its edges are usually bent at an angle of 90 °. Fortunately, the copper tube bends perfectly, and if necessary, it can easily be straightened and bent in a new way. One end of the pipeline must go into the opening of the cube, which is usually in its cover, and the other end is put on the inlet fitting.
The second tube is needed in order to connect the reflux condenser and the refrigerator. Here, in case of incompatibility between the sections of the pipeline and the cooling coil, a piece of silicone hose and small clamps can be used.
The problem of sealing joints
Naturally, any pipe connection that does not have a thread and a sealant can not be considered sealed. A tube inserted into the lid of the still or placed on the choke will let steam in, especially if it is supplied under pressure. Use here the sealant is inappropriate, since the construction is demountable, and the excess chemistry is useless.
Self-talkers found an easy way out. To seal the joints, dough or crumb of bread can be used successfully. Due to the desired consistency, they can easily fix any unnecessary space between the connecting elements. When heated, both the dough and the bread solidify, making the connection not only sealed, but also to some extent still.
In this simple way, we assembled and connected to the apparatus a dry cell with our own hands. A photo of the finished structure is given below. Of course, your device may look different, but it does not change the essence.
Test of a dry cell
And now, when we figured out how to make a drywall with our own hands and connect it to the main structure, it's time to start testing it. If you do not have the experience of brewing, it is better to use ordinary water instead of bregs for the first time. So you, for example, look at the principle of the home-made apparatus, and the reflux condenser in particular.
We collect water into the distillation cube and heat it. Water, as, in principle, and braga, if its amount is 30-40 liters, will warm about 1.5-2.5 hours, until the process of boiling and evaporation begins. During this time, it is possible to connect all other elements of the structure.
When the boiling process begins, the walls of the dry cell will be covered with steam, which, when cooled, will begin to flow down to the bottom of the can. When the collected liquid covers the edge of the tube of the inlet nozzle, a bubbling process will begin, during which the steam will flow through the water that has accumulated on the bottom. Under the influence of high temperature, already purified steam will be fed to the outlet tap and then to the refrigerator.
What you need to know about the distillation process
If the tests were successful, you can begin to practice. We change the water for the brag, we warm it, we collect the system. When the temperature in the distillation cube reaches 78 ° C, the alcohol vapor will begin to evaporate.
After a while, a light-brown liquid will collect in the dry-chest. This is the same phlegm (moisture), for the collection of which the dry cell is intended. It does not contain alcohol, however it has a sharp unpleasant smell. Without the use of a dry-cell, all this liquid would invariably be in the composition of moonshine. With a brew volume of 30-40 liters by the end of the process, its amount will be 1-2 liters.
Small tweaks when using a dry cell
But it's only half the battle to collect a dry-house by own hands. It is also important to use it with maximum benefit. For a more thorough cleaning of the future drink, the reflux condenser can be partly filled with clean, cold water. To give the moonshine a certain aroma, lemon, orange, dried fruit or medicinal herbs and spices are thrown into the dry-house. Hot alcoholic steam will dissolve the essential oils contained in them, and fill the drink with their fragrance.
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