Sewing machine: overview, models, specifications, features of use

The device of the broaching machine is fundamentally different from the equipment that performs the functions of crushing, milling, countersinking and planing. In this case, the method of mechanical action may coincide with the processing operations listed above, however, the principle of exertion in this case is different. In some aspects, the broaching machine provides higher productivity, but the design features do not allow it to be used in factories in bulk.

General information about broaching machines

The technology of pulling by its principle of mechanical action corresponds to the traditional and most common types of metalworking equipment. The difference lies in the very conditions of this operation. For example, broaching horizontal machines allow the internal surfaces of various blanks to be processed with high precision. This equipment is used to form special chamfers in difficult places.

Often, the stretch operation in the conditions of in-line batch production is the final stage of manufacturing, following the more usual types of processing by milling or countersinking. Another feature that distinguishes a broaching machine is the use of specific cutting elements. These are the so-called broaches, which carry out a direct mechanical action on the material.

Specifications

One of the disadvantages of such machines is the size. As a rule, this is an elongated platform in which the workpiece is placed. Dimensional characteristics average about 2 m in length, 0.5 m in width and 1.5 m in height. However, the configurations can be different - accordingly, the sizes vary. The weight is about 500 kg, so before installing it will not be superfluous to provide a reliable foundation foundation. In terms of productivity, the speed of broaching, that is, processing, is also important. For example, a broaching machine from the company "Flexible connections" in the modification of SGP.12.35 provides an operating rate of 220 mm / min. In other words, in one minute the equipment can perform a cutting of the inner surface with a length of more than 20 cm. It is also necessary to take into account the maximum processing area, since in most cases the same cutting lines in two approaches are technologically unacceptable. The average length of one-time maintenance varies from 4 to 5 m.

Varieties

There are horizontal, vertical and continuous broaching modifications. The first, already noted variant differs in structural simplicity, therefore it is suitable for performing typical operations for forming straight linear cuts with different profile allowances. The broaching machine is more complex in its device. This, in essence, is the same horizontal base, but only installed in an upright position, which gives several advantages. First, the risk of sagging of long broaches is excluded, and secondly, there is the possibility of increasing productivity by expanding the production line. As for machines with continuous extension, they are mainly used for processing through end surfaces. They are distinguished by higher productivity and the possibility of servicing the blanks in a large-scale production.

Where is the machine used?

The very specificity of processing broaches causes non-standard requirements for the result. Accordingly, the areas of use of finished products are not the most common. For example, they are used in the manufacture and modification of firearms. For such operations, planing machines are used, with the help of which the barrels of machine guns and pistols are produced. Also, this machine is used in the production of complex profiles of external trim, in cutting keyways and splines, as well as in calibrating polyhedral and cylindrical holes. A common feature of all types of mechanical machining is the wide possibilities of working with shaped cuts, and in difficult conditions. In addition, the machine can be used for both non-metallic and solid materials. The fact is that the ability to process atypical blanks with increased stiffness and hardness properties is determined by elements of mechanical action, that is, broaches. And they themselves can have different characteristics.

Manufacturers and Models

A wide range of models is offered by Gigant. In its assortment there are modifications of broaching machines 7A523, 7A612, 7555, etc. Models differ in the speed of processing, traction, power, dimensions and other characteristics. Among foreign manufacturers, HOFFMANN Raumtechnik won the trust, which deals not only with the development of classic models with vertical and horizontal arrangement of the processing line. In her family, you can find specialized broaching machines. Models of the RAWX-M series, for example, are designed specifically for finishing grooves and toothed joints. Modification RASA-M differs by the presence of four tracks designed to handle the spherical grooves of various couplings. For specialized needs, you can also look at a suitable model in the family of the Yaroslavl manufacturer Forst Technologie, which is famous for its careful approach to the manufacture of long-drawn cutting elements of a special design.

Cost of the machine

The average price corridor for broaching machines is 2-3 million rubles. In this segment, you can find simple horizontal models, and sophisticated modifications of the vertical type. By the way, it is more expensive to use a vertical broaching machine. The price of model 7A612 from the mentioned factory "Gigant", for example, is about 2 million. But this is the lowest price bracket, since the bulk of equipment is still sold for 2.5-3 million. This is a high-tech industrial equipment that differs not only in high quality processing , But also ergonomic control systems. Suffice it to say that the latest models from large manufacturers are increasingly receiving electronic control panels.

Features of operation

From the maintenance staff, the workpiece is required to be placed in the working niche of the equipment. Further, after the start, the immediate process of processing begins. A key feature of the functioning of such machines is the fact that the working elements in the form of broaches do not remove the chips immediately after trimming, but push it out only after the final exit from the body of the workpiece. Therefore, the spectrum of the operator's tasks is also expanding due to the need to monitor how correctly the machining is performed. On long vertical machines, the risks of deviations and incorrect cutting lines are not so high, since the bending of the long billet is prevented due to its own weight.

Conclusion

In some areas of the use of metalworking, one can notice similar requirements for performing work operations on long and conventional lathes. At the same time, it is obvious that the latter suggest less maintenance and generally cheaper in terms of content. Nevertheless, the broaching machine can justify itself as a universal equipment. If such machines can cope with both typical common tasks and with processing for specialized technical tasks, standard milling units, for example, realize only their limited range of activities. However, the equipment has its limitations, but the segment itself offers very wide possibilities of processing - the main thing is to correctly compare the capabilities of a specific modification with the requirements of technical production tasks.