Sequestants of bile acids, preparations: list

Sequestants of fatty acids are called drugs that are able to lower cholesterol in the blood. This is an auxiliary drug used in complex treatment. There is a definite classification of hypolipidemic drugs that do not allow cholesterol to be synthesized in the blood. Sequestrants are included in this classification. It is conditional, contains various means, the mechanism of action of which is similar. The most known sequestrants of bile acids are preparations "Kolestipol", "Kolestyramin", "Kolesevelam".

The risk of heart disease is reduced due to the properties of sequestrants, ischemia including. Clinical practice confirms the effectiveness of SCM in the following points:

• Complications of coronary character slow down;
• Deaths from myocardial infarction decrease.

The chemical composition of these preparations allows them to classify ion-exchange resins. These are high-molecular synthetic compounds, which, in fact, are solid insoluble polymers involved in the aqueous medium in ion exchange. That's what sequestrants of bile acids are.

Mechanism of action of medicines

The word "sequestrant" means "insulator", that is, the isolation of bile acids occurs in the human body. Cholesterol combines with bile acids, which carry out the expenditure of cholesterol from the liver in order to carry out the synthesis. Bile acids circulate in the digestive system, then enter the intestines, where they are not absorbed. As a result, the body remains many valuable substances for life.

Effective results will be with lipoproteins, in which low density. This is the so-called bad cholesterol.

This is how the sequestrants of bile acids work (we describe the preparations in more detail below).

Sequestrants are not absorbed into the blood, so side effects if there are, then in minimal quantities and they are extremely rare.

Pregnant and lactating women can be used for these reasons. Also, children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolemia take these drugs to slow the process. This is a hereditary state of the organism, in which high cholesterol and the consequences are pronounced.

If the tolerance of FFA is normal, then they can be used for a sufficiently long time. But it is necessary to control cholesterol, liver enzymes and muscle tissue.

Statins in combination with FFA work more effectively with prolonged course of therapy. Bad cholesterol is reduced by half. If there is a combined hyperlipoproteinemia (when there are a lot of fats in the blood), the results will be better by 70-75%. What are the sequestrants of bile acids acting on the body? Drugs are usually well tolerated.

What side effects are there?

Side effects are very rare. If they are, then nothing serious for the body does not turn around. However, in some people, the following rapidly occurring symptoms may occur:

• Constipation;
• Digestive disorders (dyspepsia);
• Nausea;
• Excess gassing in the intestine (flatulence);
• Bloating;
• Heartburn, and this is the most common side effect of bile acid sequestrants.

In order to avoid negative reactions from the body, it is necessary to drink a lot of liquid and at first use the medicine in small doses.

When using SFA children need to prescribe them iron and folic acid. Simultaneous reception with other drugs may cause poor absorption of active ingredients. Here it is necessary to observe the following rule: sequestrants drink one hour after the use of another remedy and four hours before.

In very rare cases, muscle pain (myalgia), pharyngeal inflammation (pharyngitis) is possible. Very rarely there is the appearance of a cough, painful sensations in the back, a cold.

Contraindications

Are there any contraindications to sequestrants of bile acids? Drugs are not prescribed in the following cases.

With hyperlipoproteinemia type 3 and 4 (which threaten the pathology of the cardiovascular system), sequestrants are not recommended. Triglycerides in the blood can rise. When the bile ducts (biliary liver cirrhosis and complete biliary obstruction) are affected, these medications can not be prescribed. If a person suffers from frequent constipation, then drugs can only exacerbate the situation. Kidney disease, stomach ulcer, hemorrhoids, bleeding disorders - all these are contraindications to the administration of FFA.

With caution appoint them to people with gastrointestinal disorders, malabsorption syndrome (intestinal absorption is impaired, and valuable nutrients are difficult to stay in the body).

It is possible simply individual intolerance.

Below we will consider the most popular sequestrants of bile acids. Drugs (the list can also be checked with the doctor) will be in order from the most popular to less popular.

The drug "Kolestyramin"

It is also called "Cholestyramine". It is an insoluble ion-exchange compound of polymers. It leads to a decrease in the level of cholesterol in the blood by a quarter. There is an active binding with bile acids, after which they are isolated from the human body. If this drug should be drunk for a long time, then you need to consume more water. Statins increase the effect, but their concentration is reduced in the blood. At the age of over 60 years, appoint with caution.

Medication "Kolestypol"

It is a high molecular weight insoluble copolymer. The properties of binding bile acids are somewhat worse for him than for "Kolestyramin."

Indications, side effects and contraindications are the same as for the whole group of drugs. The combination of "Kolestepol" and statins gives the best effect.

Medicinal product "Kolesevelam"

The absence of unpleasant taste properties of the drug contributes to the fact that it is more often used in comparison with other medicines.

Do these data have sequestrants of bile acid side effects?

Negative phenomena from the gastrointestinal tract are not noted. There are no reactions with other drugs. "Wheezevels" can be used to treat pregnant and lactating women.