Mulberry white: planting, care and description of the best varieties (photo)

Different fruit trees grow in the garden. These are apple, pear, cherry, plum and cherry. However, it is rare that a mulberry tree is found in it. But in the near past it was very popular and affordable. The older generation of gardeners can tell a lot about a useful plant, which has now become exotic.

Varieties

An amazing long-liver is from China. Long since it was grown as a forage crop. The leaves of the tree served as food for the silkworm - a producer of raw materials for the manufacture of unique fabrics. Gardeners grow a mulberry tree belonging to the genus Morus, not for the production of silk, but as a decorative and fruitful culture. The genus consists of twenty-four species. Of these, mulberry white and black are fruit bearing, the characteristic feature of which is the color of the bark of an adult plant. Many gardeners mistakenly believed that mulberry trees are distinguished by the color of berries. However, this is not at all the case.

Mulberry white has a light color of the bark. But berries can be white, cream, pink, purple or completely black. The numerous genus Morus is represented by dioecious and rarely monoecious trees. Most of them are heat-loving plants that can be grown in the southern regions. Only a white mulberry in the middle band does not freeze, grows well and fructifies.

Description

Not every fruit plant can boast of its longevity. For two hundred or even three hundred years will give birth to mulberry, with the passage of time without changing its qualities. The sprawling tree reaches a height of twenty to thirty-five meters. Often it is formed as a two- or three-meter bush. The bark is light. The spherical crown is densely covered with oval foliage.

Ciliated mulberry inflorescences are small. They have a light green color. A dioecious or rarely monoecious plant is pollinated by the wind. Fruits of the spine are formed in the form of small copulations. They have a pleasant sweetish taste. Depending on the variety, the berries can be painted in different colors. The mulberry white ripens from May to July. Fruits it for the fifth year after planting. Productivity is high. The picking season is somewhat stretched due to unfavorable ripening. They are not transportable and are poorly stored, they are used immediately after removal.

This mulberry tree is winter-hardy and drought-resistant. These qualities characterize the plant as sufficiently hardy and unpretentious. It is suitable for plots with any type of soil. In addition to these advantages, the tree mulberry is a medicinal plant. Fruits have a high content of vitamins. In addition, they contain flavonoid, morin, carotene, fatty acids, iron salts. Medicinal properties are not only berries. The bark and leaves of the tree are also used for medicinal purposes.

Varieties of mulberry

Mulberry white can act as a fodder, fruit and decorative culture. They are represented by different grades, differing in individual properties.

So, among the fruit-bearing varieties, white honey honey mulberry is quite attractive. She is characterized by relative frost resistance and unpretentiousness, resistance to diseases. A tall deciduous tree has a wide crown. Simple oval leaves are painted in a light green color. Inflorescences spiked. Juicy fruits have a white color.

The taste is good. The harvest is continued at the end of June. Uneven maturation of the fruit lasts until the beginning of August. Fresh berries are stored no more than six hours. They practically do not tolerate transportation.

White mulberry silk Baroness is a deciduous dioecious plant. A dense, well-glossy crown has a spherical shape. Flowers are dioecious. They have a light color and form a spicate inflorescence. Large berries, whose size is 3.5 cm and a diameter of 1.5 cm, are dyed black. A fragrant complex drupe has a sweet, pleasant taste. Unlike the previous variety, fruits are relatively transportable. Shelf life is twelve hours. The variety is high-yielding.

The harvest period is June-July. This mulberry is unpretentious plant with high frost resistance. The mulberry in the middle strip of Russia is beautifully wintering.

Mulberry Smuglyanka is a tall, sprawling tree that has a pyramidal crown. Large fruits reach three centimeters. Black berries are very juicy. The taste is excellent. Slightly acid taste does not spoil the berries. This variety is less wintery than the Baroness. In winter, the branches can freeze. An unpretentious plant has a high yield. Fruit ripening is at the beginning of July.

In addition to fruit species, there are more than four hundred decorative forms. Varieties of mulberry differ in the form and color of the crown and foliage. These are spectacular plants that are used in landscape design. Woody-shrub compositions, alleys and hedges are excellent , including mulberry trees. Their delicate crown is perfectly combined with evergreen plants.

White mourning white mulberry

A low-tree tree or shrub reaches a height and width of up to three meters. It has a very decorative appearance. The elongated branches of the mulberry tree hang down. This form is indispensable in landscape design and will be an ornament of any garden.

Dark green large leaves, the length of which can be from eight to twenty centimeters, have a heart-shaped form. In the autumn period they become yellow. Flowering period is in May-June. Fruits mulberry with a few fruits. They are edible and have a pleasant sweetish taste.

In addition, there are globular, dissected, Tatar and golden forms of white mulberry. Each of them has its own merits and is widely used for single or group landings.

Landing

Often summer residents do not dare to plant mulberry trees, since in a small area the space is limited. "Is my garden suitable for fashionable exotics?" - this question arises in gardeners when choosing this or that type of giant-long-liver.

Cultivation of mulberry provides several ways of forming a plant, which will limit the height. A tall, powerful sprawling tree requires a larger area of food. Planting of mulberries is carried out according to the scheme of 5 x 6 m. With the restriction of the height of mulberry and growing in the form of a bush, the scheme is different and amounts to 2 x 3 m. The mulberry is unpretentious. It grows equally well both in unfavorable urban conditions and in suburban suburban areas. Well lit should be a corner of the garden in which the mulberry will grow. Planting and caring for mulberry trees conform to the generally accepted rules for fruit trees. Planted seedlings in early spring. The landing site should be such that it does not damage the root system. For better rooting, a mixture of humus and sand is added to the well. Abundantly watered and sprinkled with soil pitches. Around the stem of the seedlings the soil is mulched with peat. In autumn, planting is carried out a month and a half before the onset of frost.

Agrotechnics

Care consists of removing weeds, loosening the soil and regular watering. It is especially important to monitor newly planted plants. It is not allowed in the trunks around the presence of weeds, which are harmful to plants. Regular weeding and mulching by humus or peat will promote their normal and rapid growth. During the summer season, organic and mineral fertilizers are introduced. This agrotechnical technique is very important for the normal development of mulberry and obtaining good harvests. The application of fertilizers is carried out during the bud blossoming. One square meter requires fifty grams of nitrophosphate. After applying fertilizer, the soil is watered heavily. In early July, stop watering. In this period, fertilizing should also not be done. Enhanced nutrition will promote the growth of young shoots, which in winter will freeze.

Trimming

To the tree does not grow tall and looked well-groomed, its crown is formed, limiting the growth of three meters. In addition, young last year's growth in the winter can freeze. They must be deleted. Pruning mulberry does not have individual characteristics. Sanitary and rejuvenating techniques are performed, which follow the generally accepted recommendations for fruit trees and shrubs. Mulberry tree perfectly tolerates a haircut. This technique should be regular. Annually thinning the crown. In this case, affected are affected by disease, damaged and weak twigs. Also cut off the crossing shoots.

Getting the seed

Mulberry white ripens in summer. Ripe fruit is suitable for obtaining seeds. After harvesting, some of the berries are left in the sun. They are slightly overripe. Then they are placed in a container for several days.

Juicy fruit should sour. Then they are ground in water. The full seeds sink to the bottom of the tank. This mass is wiped through a fine sieve. The seeds are dried. For a year they must be used. They quickly lose their germination.

Seed Reproduction

Several methods of obtaining young plants are used. Seed reproduction is possible. Begin this method by stratification. Seeds are kept at a temperature of zero or five degrees for a month. Prepare a greenhouse. In early April, it will be sown with mulberry. Reproduction in this way allows us to have forty centimeters seedlings already in the autumn period.

Vaccinations on frost hard root

To maintain the maternal signs of a particular variety, vaccination will be more effective. This method is more complicated. It requires careful selection of material for reproduction. Winter vaccination of mulberry is often used. As a stock, young plants of frost-resistant mulberry cultivars grown from seeds are used. They are excavated and stored in wet sawdust. The storage temperature should be zero degrees. Privoy are also stored in wet sawdust. After the vaccination, the planting material is placed in boxes and kept at a temperature of twenty-five degrees. After that, they are stored in wet sawdust at zero temperature until spring.

Mulberry vaccination in the spring period is performed on last year's stock. This event falls on the period before the budding bud. Cuttings cut in autumn are used. They are retained throughout the winter period in wet sawdust at zero temperature.

You can vaccinate in the summer. To do this, use the blanks of the current year.

Reproduction by green cuttings

Planting material is harvested in the second decade of June. Suitable green shoots, the length of which is not less than fifteen centimeters. They are cut from non-lignified branches. The blanks are processed by removing the lower leaves and shortening the upper half. Before rooting the cuttings are kept for six hours in an aqueous solution of heteroauxin.

Or they are placed in a mixture of sand and peat, which is moistened with this solution. Green cuttings root in a closed ground. The main condition is high humidity. To create a greenhouse effect, the shelter is made with a polyethylene film.

Diseases and pests

Like any culture, mulberry white is prone to infection. It can be affected by such diseases as bacteriosis, powdery mildew and root rot.

In the spring period, preventive spraying of the tree with special preparations is carried out.

Quite a few pests in the mulberry tree. Khrushchy, the bear, the mulberry mustache, the wireworm and the spider mite damage the various parts of the plant. To combat them apply mechanical and chemical methods. In the autumn period, it is necessary to clean and burn the fallen leaves.

Features of harvesting

White mulberry is characterized by an extended period of fruiting. Berries ripen unevenly. On the one hand, it's good. A longer period of mulberry will please the ripe juicy fruits. However, the ripened fruit should be removed in a timely manner. Virtually all varieties of white mulberry are poorly stored. They are not transportable. At a delay with gathering berries crumble, that leads to their damage. After removal, the fruits are immediately processed or consumed fresh.

Useful properties of white mulberry

The medicinal properties of mulberry are known for a long time. The use of berries in fresh form contributes to the improvement of the general condition of a person. White mulberry contributes to the normalization of the nervous system. It is included in diet for weight loss. Low-calorie berry perfectly normalizes metabolism. In addition, the plant cleanses the intestines and helps to eliminate toxins. Mulberry is most often used fresh. Also it is subjected to cooking. It is suitable for billets for future use. You can prepare juices, syrups, jam and marmalade. Wines and tinctures have exquisite taste. Also it is dried. In this form it is used instead of sugar. Irreplaceable mulberry white in cosmetology. It is included in the composition of various masks for the hair, face and body.

However, with all the virtues, one should not forget about the individual characteristics of the organism. Like any medicine, the use of mulberry also has contraindications. Excessive use can harm. Do not advise berries to apply to diabetics. For them, the dried leaves of the mulberry tree will be more useful.