From what and how do paper

Paper is so firmly embedded in our lives that using it, we do not think about its origin and production. Although everyone knows what paper is made of. But the process of turning a tree into thin white leaves is not known to many. So, how do they make paper?
Pulp and paper industry is engaged in the production of paper. The most common is its production from wood. Wood pulp is produced from wood of forest species. In order to understand how paper is made from wood, we will make a virtual excursion to the factory.
Raw material enters there in the raw form. Here, the bark is peeled off the tree, and then it is crushed by special machines into a chip. Then there are several ways to produce paper. The simplest is mechanical. With this method, the ground chips are mixed with water and further processed. As a result, the paper is not very high quality, which is used to produce newspapers. In order to obtain raw materials of good, high quality, the chemical method of its production is used. With this method, the chips are sized and cooked. This process occurs with the use of acid in specially designed machines. After cooking, the resulting mass is washed and foreign matter removed. The resulting raw material is subjected to subsequent processing to produce a certain type of paper.
In order to get a writing paper in the raw materials add glue. This gives it a water repellent effect. The pitches added during the production process do not allow the ink to spread, and make it easy to read. Paper intended for printing does not require such additives, because the colors used for this do not have a water base.
To make the paper white and opaque, the raw material is painted with special dyes and pigments. After all the operations carried out, the process of paper production from paper raw materials begins. Machines move the resulting gruel from one shaft to another, on which the mesh is stretched. This produces a paper sheet. Water, which was in the raw material, gradually flows through the holes in the grid. Fibers intertwine and form rolls. Next, the canvas is subjected to a series of operations, as a result of which a paper is obtained, which we are accustomed to have in our everyday life. Rollers, through which the raw material passes, are pressed, dried and polished. After that, it is further compressed and dried. At the output, rolls of paper are received, which are already used for their intended purpose. They are cut or sent in rolls for further use. In the process of making paper, many special machines are used. All work is mechanized. But, nevertheless, this is a very valuable material. Therefore, knowing from what and how to make paper, you begin to perceive it more carefully. After all, 17 trees are needed to produce 1 ton of paper.

For the production of paper, secondary raw materials are also used. Previously, a mass collection of waste paper was organized in the country. It, after cleaning from the ink, is added to the paper raw materials in the manufacturing process. Paper is a necessary attribute of modern life. Even hard to imagine that its first inventors were Chinese. For a long time they did not disclose the secret of how they make paper.
Paper is used in various areas of our life. It produces napkins, notebooks, books, toys, wallpapers, money. Perhaps, it is impossible to list the entire list of where the paper is used. In some cases, it is simply indispensable and is the only suitable material. New technologies of paper production, reveal more and more opportunities for its application.