Description of Shihan syndrome: diagnosis, symptoms, treatment

Each of us with trembling and hope awaits the birth of a child. We sincerely believe that the baby and mom will be healthy, and such horrors as Shihan and Denny Morfan, Down or Simmonds syndrome will not be diagnosed. All these diseases are terrible and difficult to treat. In this article, we will describe in detail the first of these - Shihan syndrome. Some women give birth to him.

Description

Postnatal necrosis of the pituitary gland is also called Shihan syndrome. The history of the disease indicates that this is a rather complicated pathology that develops after severe and prolonged childbirth. The cause is heavy bleeding, which, in turn, leads to arterial hypotension. Due to its development, the pituitary gland is less supplied with blood - a small gland in the brain that is responsible for the endocrine system of the person and the production of hormones. The body develops Shihan syndrome, the consequences of which are not the most pleasant - you can not feed your baby with a breast, but this is only the smallest part of the problems that await your mother.

Since pathology can occur in an erased form, its true frequency is unknown. It is established that after birth bleeds the risk of its development reaches 40%. The disease is diagnosed in every fourth woman, if she lost about 800 ml of blood, 50% of those giving birth - with a loss of a liter of vital fluid.

Symptoms

They are quite specific. For example, the first disturbing bell should be the cessation of lactation. Secondary symptoms of Shihan syndrome usually appear only after a few months. Often this is a secondary amenorrhea - a complete absence of menstruation and a decrease in the secretion of gonadotropins. Then diagnose hypothyroidism, when the thyroid gland produces an insufficient amount of hormones. Against this background, myxedema develops - a violation of protein metabolism, which leads to a strong swelling of the tissues.

Women who are in their prime - from 20 to 40 years - can also face hypopituitarism. This is a serious condition of the body, which suffers from a deficiency of various hormones: a woman has severe weakness, severe weight loss, lack of libido. In neglected cases, a person may suffer from neuropsychiatric disturbances and even fall into a coma.

Classification

The lack of hormones in the body can be different - from mild to scarce form. Depending on this, the following types of Shihan syndrome are distinguished:

1. The global form. With it, extreme insufficiency of the top hormones is observed, as a result of which severe mental disorders develop, the neurological system malfunctions, the person falls into a coma.
2. Partial shape. The deficiency of hormones is not very pronounced, therefore only the deficiency of adrenocorticotropic, gonadotropic or thyrotropic functions is diagnosed. Sex organs, kidneys and other organs suffer.
3. Combined form. When all the above functions are violated simultaneously.

Noticing even mild manifestations of the disease, you should immediately contact a gynecologist or a local therapist, who will refer you to the necessary tests and appoint a consultation of other specialists.

Pathogenesis

It is a mechanism from the very onset of a disease to the bright manifestations of symptoms. Experienced doctors consider it at various levels: from molecular pathologies to disruption of the body as a whole. It is necessary to study it, since it is pathogenesis that gives an answer to the question of how and why the disease develops. As for Shihan's syndrome, it has long been established that its main manifestation is necrotic changes in the pituitary gland. They arise against the background of blood coagulation, when there is a spasm of the vessels of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland after severe blood loss.

Syndrome Shihana, the symptoms of which are described above, can occur after an abortion, as well as against a bacterial shock after childbirth. A predisposing factor is gestosis - a complication of pregnancy, when a future mother is diagnosed with severe swelling, loss of protein in the urine, increased blood pressure and so on. It is these women that become prone to blood clots.

Clinical picture

The degree of manifestation of Shihan syndrome is different. Usually doctors distinguish such forms:

• Light. It is characterized by rapid fatigue and frequent headaches. There is a decrease in the functions of the adrenal and thyroid gland.
• Average . The above organs are even more struck. For example, a woman feels very tired, her nails break, she is prone to fainting. The work of the ovaries is disrupted, sometimes up to ovulatory infertility.
• Heavy . Sex organs and mammary glands are hypertrophied, the person suffers from drowsiness, alopecia, skin pigmentation, memory loss. Body weight falls on the background of a strong puffiness.

The syndrome is characterized by severe anemia, which manifests itself in all forms of the disease. It is very resistant to therapy, so it almost does not respond to treatment. Doctors need to try to restore the level of iron in the blood.

Diagnostics

During it, it is important to study in detail the characteristic anamnesis, where the connection between the disease and bleeding or septic shock is traced in the previous abortion or childbirth. To determine Shihan's syndrome, the diagnosis begins with examination of the mammary glands: they do not increase in size, do not condense, milk does not stand out even with strong pressure and after the conducted massage course.

Simultaneously, in the laboratory, a blood test is taken, along which the hormonal background of the organism is determined. Depending on the amount of hormones and diagnose. Take the sample and urine - it also shows changes in the body. In addition, doctors conduct and differential diagnosis - that helps distinguish one disease from another. After all, many of them have very similar symptoms. Therefore, each of them is analyzed in detail, compared and the correct conclusion is drawn.

Treatment

How to get rid of an insidious disease. Usually, when a person is diagnosed with Shihan syndrome, treatment starts with hormones: sexual and gonadotropic, and prescribed sexually-infantilism therapy. Suitable, for example, "Infekundin" or other drugs from a series of synthetic progestins. Effective will be the course "Sinestrola", which lasts at least a month, as well as cyclical therapy throughout the whole quarter.

Remember that there is no self-medication! At home, you will only do harm, provoke the development of serious complications. Therefore, at the first symptoms, immediately consult a specialist. Only competent diagnostics, professional approach and effective therapy will help cure Shihan's syndrome and eliminate the consequences, which led to its development in the body.