Compressor for painting the car with your own hands. Principle of operation of the compressor. Compressor circuit

In the garage car enthusiast can find many useful and not very useful tools. In addition to the usual set, the air compressor will also be superfluous. It is suitable for painting a car, pumping tires, supplying air for the operation of a pneumatic tool. Let's see how to make a compressor for painting a car with your own hands. Also find out how it is arranged and by what principle it works.

Compressed air to help motorists

Air compressors are very useful in workshops and in garages. For these devices there is always a problem. This can be a banal cleaning, dust cleaning, which was formed after grinding, or the creation of air pressure for the operation of various air tools. More often compressors are used for painting. This imposes some requirements on the device.

Air flow and painting with a spray gun

For work with paint, the air flow must be as uniform as possible. There should also be no water particles, oil impurities or other petroleum products in the compressed air stream. The presence of suspended and solid particles is unacceptable in the flow. Sometimes when painting, you can see defects. Often this is a grain on the newly applied layer of paint. This happens due to the fact that there were foreign particles in the flow. If there are stains of paint or matte spots, it is a sign of uneven supply of paint, enamel or varnish.

Firm or homemade?

What is the difference between a branded compressor? Its characteristics are ideal for working with an airbrush or spray gun, but at the same time the factory products cost a lot of money. If the device will be necessary infrequently, it is possible to save a little and make the unit, which will not be inferior to the factory models.

Principle of operation of the compressor

Both professional and self-made devices operate on the same principle. In the container for storing compressed air, which is called the receiver, an excessive pressure level is created. The air itself can be pumped into the receiver either automatically or manually.

If you work in a manual mode, then this is certainly very cheap for finance, but it will require a lot of energy. You also need to constantly monitor this process. After such work, it is unlikely that you will want to do anything else.

If you use the mechanisms to inject air, then this will facilitate the process. Here there are no shortcomings, you just need to replace the oil in the air pump, depending on the regulations. Further, the compressed air flow passes through the compressor outlet valve or in this case the receiver and is directly supplied either to the airbrush, to the car chamber, or to the pneumatic tool. In general, the principle is very simple, and therefore the simplest working model can be built in a couple of minutes.

Homemade compressor

Let's look at how to make the simplest compressor for painting a car with your own hands. As one of the options we will try to make a device for painting works from an automotive camera. To create, we need a receiver, a supercharger, a spool from a damaged camera, a repair kit, an awl. When everything necessary is collected and prepared for work, you can start assembling.

At the assembly stage, it is necessary to check the tightness of the chamber. For this you can use the car pump. Every motorist knows how to do it. If the rubber keeps the air pumped into it, you can go to the next step.

If there are air leaks, then you can use the repair kit or zavulcanize the hole with raw rubber.

The next step in the so-called receiver is to make holes for another spool. It will be the output valve. This fitting can be glued with the help of the same, previously stocked repair kit. This valve is connected to an airbrush. The nipple from the union must be twisted. The compressor circuit provides free air passage. In the main spool, we will not twist the nipple. He will keep the pressure.
Then, by the method of scientific poking, we will try to determine the necessary level of pressure in our receiver. For this, a spray gun is used. If the paint will lie flat, without jerking, streaks or anything else, then everything is done right. The amount of excess pressure in the receiver is desirable to control. When you press the airbrush button, the level should not jump.

As you can see, this is the most primitive compressor for painting the car with your own hands. Now you can create masterpieces or simply repaint the body.

It is not difficult to assemble this unit, but it can be seen in its usefulness for various repairs. If you used to paint used paint in spray cans, then you can definitely appreciate all the benefits.

Just remember that in the spray gun and in the camera, in no case should there be liquid, dust or anything else. In the event of a violation, dust or moisture will mix with the paint, and the work will have to be remade. Then no adjustment of the spray gun will help. It will be more convenient if our camera is fixed on something. This will exclude her movement on the floor.

This model works fine, and it can already be used. But even better with the help of small changes make the injection system automatic. Further we learn how to make the compressor more serious.

Semi-professional equipment

Professionals say that such handicraft equipment has a huge resource and service life, in contrast to the factory models of foreign brands and the domestic manufacturer. But this is understandable, because knowing the scheme of work, if any part fails, it can easily be replaced. Let's see how to make a compressor that can be used for professional purposes.

What will it take to build?

So. Here you will need easily accessible spare parts for the compressor. This is a manometer, as well as a reducer with a filter. Still need a relay to control the pressure in the chamber, the fuel filter from the car, the water quad with an internal thread of ¾. In addition, you should choose adapters with thread, clamps from the car, motor, container for the receiver, oil 10w40, tumbler for 220 V, brass tubes, as well as hoses made of oil-resistant rubber. These spare parts for the compressor can easily be found in the garage.

As a basis for the unit will be used thick wood. Still need a syringe from the nearest pharmacy, corrosion protection fluid, fasteners, sealants and FUM tape, paint, file-file, wheels from the office chair and a filter from the car power system.

So, knowing the principle of the compressor, it's time to start building. Let's start with the supercharger.

The engine as a supercharger

As a motor we will use a compressor from old refrigerators. Often it already has a built-in starting relay, which in our case is very convenient. This will automatically maintain the desired pressure in the receiver chamber. It is better to use the motor from the old Soviet refrigerators. They have higher characteristics compared to imported products.

Preparatory procedures

Feel free to get the executive from your old refrigerator. Naturally, you need to clean the part, because over the years the block has managed to build a century of dust, and, perhaps, rust. After cleaning, the body can be treated with a rust converter to protect the unit from corrosion. So, the preparation for painting was done.

Change the lubricant in the actuator. Rarely, what refrigerator was served by the regulations. This system is almost completely isolated from the effects of the environment. To replace the oil is suitable semi-synthetic. It is not worse than specialized compressor fluids.

Input, output and oil change

A refrigeration compressor necessarily has ducts. Two of them are open, one is sealed. Open tubes are used to enter and exit air. To find out which handset is the input and which is the output, you can briefly turn on the power. Next, remember which of the tubes lets out air.

Scheme of the compressor from the refrigerator says that a sealed tube needs to change the lubricant. It should be very carefully cut off the tip of the pipe with the tip of the pipe. To cut it is necessary so that the shavings did not get inside. Next, the tip should be broken off and the old grease should be poured into a jar. Then, using a pharmacy syringe, we fill more lubricant than it poured out. In order for the unit to function as expected, the lubricating tube must be sealed. This will help us screw a suitable diameter. It needs to be wrapped up in advance by a prefabricated FUM tape and screwed into a long-suffering pipe.

Then attach this device to the board with the help of prepared fasteners. The electronic part is very sensitive to position. Therefore, the top cover of the relay is marked with an arrow. Modes of operation will be switched only if properly installed.

Select the capacity for the receiver

As practice shows, the best homemade compressor for painting works if the used fire extinguisher is used as the air tank. These cylinders are good in that they contain the necessary margin of safety. In addition, the fire extinguisher is designed for high pressure. Another choice is that the hull can accommodate various attachments. Take, for example, a metal 10-liter ballon from the OU-10. It holds a pressure of 15 MPa and has high strength.

Preparation of fire extinguisher

Immediately boldly twist the shut-off device, we will not need it. And in place you need to twist the adapter, pre-winding the thread FUM-tape. If the case is rusty, you need to treat the rust either chemistry or sandpaper.

Outside, in the fight against corrosion, everything is very, very simple. And what about the corrosion inside? We put a cleaner in the balloon, and then you need to mix it very well. Further twist the cross from the water pipe. And do not forget to seal the threaded connections. Now everything is almost ready.

Mounting attachments

Compressor for painting the car with our own hands, we almost made. To make it easy to move, the best option is to mount all the nodes and parts on the same platform. We have a wooden stove. It already has a motor from the refrigerator, and now there must be placed a fire extinguisher receiver.

In the slab in advance, it is necessary to make holes for fixing. The motor from the refrigerator is already fixed with the help of pins and nuts. The fire extinguisher should be placed vertically. To do this, you can use the plywood. This will require three sheets.

In the first sheet, cut out a hole suitable for the diameter of the cylinder. Others fix on the plate. Then fix these plates on the plate together with the sheet with the hole with the help of glue. That the fire extinguisher is conveniently located on the platform, you can make a dredging under the bottom. To our device is maneuverable, get the prepared furniture wheels and screw them on the platform.

Protection against dust and small debris

Naturally, the equipment should be as reliably protected from dust as possible. To do this, use the car's rough filter . The filter must be mounted in the air intake.

How to do it? We will use a rubber hose. It should tightly squeeze the auto-filter connector and the compressor inlet pipe from the refrigerator. On the inlet pipe, it is possible not to clamp the hose with clamps. There is no high pressure.

Protection against moisture

On the output side you need to install an oil trap. It will not allow liquid or particles of oil products to enter the system. To do this, you can apply a filter from the diesel power supply system. The connection is made using the same hose. But here it is already necessary to strengthen the connection with a yoke, because the outlet will have a decent pressure.

Decoupling

The diesel filter must be connected to the input of the reducer. It is necessary to unleash the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the refrigeration compressor. For this, the high-pressure outlet of the supercharger must be screwed into the left and right parts of the crosspiece.

We mount a manometer

At the upper entrance of the crosspiece, a manometer is strengthened. We will carry out pressure monitoring on it. Also, you need to tighten the control relays. Do not forget that the threads need to be sealed.

Importance of Relays

This device makes it possible to regulate pressure levels within a wide range. It can, if necessary, interrupt the power supply of the cooling motor. For these purposes, either PM5 or RDM5 is suitable. Both devices will start the engine if the pressure drops, and turn it off when it is growing. The pressure level is adjusted by means of springs from above. So, with the help of a large set the minimum levels, and small - the maximum limits.

Electricity

In order to make all this work, we connect the zero power wire to the relay, and connect the second wire to the refrigeration engine. We pass the phase wire through the toggle switch to the second contact of the compressor. This will quickly turn off the power. Naturally, after connection it is necessary to securely isolate all this.

So we made a compressor for painting the car with our own hands. It remains only to paint, adjust and test it.

Adjustment and first trials

After assembling all this, you can safely pass to the first tests. Connect the actuator to the output of the unit. Then plug the cord into the socket, put the relay on the minimum and turn on the toggle switch. Look at the readings of the manometer. If you are convinced that the relay switches off the motor, you can check the tightness. To do this, apply the grandfather's method with soap. If everything is fine, then bleed the air from the receiver. When the pressure drops, the relay should start the motor. If everything works, then painting with a spray gun will no longer cause difficulties.

First samples

To test the unit in operation, any unnecessary detail will do. There is no need for some surface preparation. It is important to determine the working pressure by trial and error. Using experiments, determine the figure at which the pressure is sufficient for complete painting without frequent motor starts.

As you could see, air compressors 220V for painting are quite easy to make. This unit can already be fully used for professional activities. The costs will soon pay off. The compressor is necessary not only for painting works. It has a very wide range of applications. A semi-automatic system will not be distracted from work.

Spray Guns

In addition to the compressor for painting works, airbrushes will also be needed. For this you need to purchase a pneumatic model. Correctly selected airbrush will successfully carry out the work. The selection of the tool should be based on the characteristics of the compressor. Spray gun for the car should be properly selected in accordance with the working pressure. If the wrong choice is made, pressure will drop too quickly, and the quality of the work will be very low. There are several technologies that are used in this tool. They need to be selected based on the task. For example, modern technology LVLP allows, with a small air consumption, to conserve paint very economically, and the surface will be of high quality.

How to set up a spray gun?

High-quality painting is possible only with properly configured equipment. Adjusting the spray gun allows you to change the width of the flame, air pressure, as well as the supply of paint.

With the width of the torch, everything is very clear. Maximum width - maximum speed, uniform overlap. For tinting, the torch decreases, but the air supply also decreases.

Adjust the flow of paint is also simple. Many specialists open it to the maximum. But the air supply can cause difficulties. For the correct configuration you will need a compressor, instructions for a specific spray gun. It is necessary to take a sheet of Whatman paper and send a stream from the spray gun to it. If the torch is in the form of a figure eight, reduce the pressure. If the paint is applied with droplets, add it. Find the optimal position.