Block. Canadian cottage felling: how to do it yourself

Canadian technologies for the construction of strong and ecological houses have gained considerable popularity in recent years. Partly this is due to the naturalness and energy-saving function of such buildings. Prefabricated structures are also popular and because of their economy with simplified assembly techniques. Against this background, North American technology of cutting is worthy of attention. Despite its relevance in our time, the basic principles of the implementation of such houses were laid in the middle of the last century. Another thing is that the Canadian technology of cutting log houses has been significantly improved already in our time. Among the advantages of this approach to construction is the same natural design, energy-saving advantages and, most importantly, reliability and durability.

General information about the technology

This way of forming a house is also called "chopping". By general signs of construction technology can be attributed to varieties of traditional Russian logging. Moreover, its roots come from Russia, but it has not caught on with us, and the Canadian masters have perfected it and have been applying it for more than a decade. Also, modern builders from Russia looked at the advantages of logging by Canadian technology, and increasingly use this technique in their work. Among the features of this method of cutting can be noted the complexity of the design. If the classical logs are mainly formed by the technique of simple laying of elements, the configuration of the installation according to the Canadian method is highly accurate and well thought-out. Of course, it is the painstaking installation that ultimately makes it possible to obtain high-strength houses that are not subject to biological destruction processes.

What are the differences from the Norwegian felling

Similar climatic conditions in Scandinavia and Canada have caused a lot in common in approaches to construction. Therefore, the two technologies have more similar features than differences. For example, both methods allow you to form a tight self-wedging frame. Canadian logging, like the Norwegian one, is performed without the use of nails, so the responsibility of architects designing such a house increases.

But there are significant differences. The main one is the use of large logs, the diameter of which can reach 50 cm. In the case of the Norwegian block, a well-prepared gun carriage is often used. Another distinguishing aspect lies in the technique of forming corners. North American builders use the felling "in the saddle", which just provides a density in the fit of the logs. In many ways, thanks to this feature, the Canadian log cabin is more popular. A photo with an example of log fitting is presented below.

Performing Markup

In the process of construction, a special tool should be used that will improve the accuracy of the formation of the frame. This is a hammer that has two sharp rods, through which the contours of the future bowl are outlined. Carpenters call this tool a feature, but there are other names. The markup itself should strictly be guided by the technical assignment, which will be implemented by the Canadian log cabin. Projects, except for layouts, can take into account different parameters of the bowl. Of course, for large-area buildings these dimensions will increase - and vice versa. The markup should begin with the definition of the parameters of the logs. Next, you need to number each whip, which eliminates the possibility of error in further laying.

Creating a "saddle"

The basis of the "cup" - this is the "saddle", in which the logs are laid. It should also be noted that each joint must initially have a special spike. Externally, it may seem that the classical technique of mounting is being implemented by the type of spike-groove, but this is not quite so, since the joint is performed by reducing the rounded planes - that is, through the "saddles". If Canadian log cabin is being done by own hands, then it is possible to make calculations using a simplified scheme. For example, in determining the depth of the "saddle" you should focus on the radius of the log, which will subsequently be laid in this niche. This is how organic masonry with a dense join of logs is formed. In this case, it is necessary to deviate from the edge at least 25 cm, and the marking of the "saddle" itself should be performed with a sharp nail or chemical pencil, as usual handles and markers will easily be erased.

Methods of felling

In the process of cutting, it is necessary to use a quality tool, which can be a sharp cleaver or chainsaw. Professional companies for this task use special equipment, which also makes it possible to form almost perfect in size contours of the "bowl". However, even in the homeland of technology, manual Canadian logging is often used. How to make a frame in this way? In the lower crown of the central part of the "bowl" you need to cut the thorn. In the upper part, a groove is made in the same way. Further in the process of assembly in these places will be laid heat insulator. Fitted crowns are reassembled again in order to perform the oval circle. At the final stage, the crowns are assembled so that the "bowls" are oriented downward.

Tightness as a feature of the Canadian log

In the process of designing and building a Canadian log house, it is important to be prepared for the fact that the technology of its formation will not allow to provide a sufficient level of airtightness. In other words, increased tightness prevents even the slightest ventilation in the walls. In this case, the dignity of the house in the form of high density turns into a disadvantage. The only option for correcting the situation will be the introduction of equipment for forced ventilation into the frame. Unfavorable fitting of logs immediately after construction should not be embarrassing - the shrinkage process eliminates the smallest cracks and seals the frame. Canadian logging, like most technologies for building wooden houses, involves the implementation of additional insulation, which also reduces the opportunities for natural ventilation.

Varieties of logs used

Do not think that technology is a single-type solution with no possibility of making adjustments. The greatest space for individual choice implies exactly the variety of the main material - logs. Rather, ways of preparing wood. I must say that Canadian technology requires considerable investment in building materials, so there will be an opportunity to save. However, you should start with the optimal solution for those who do not want to save on quality. In this case, it is preferable to cycle the log. Such material retains the natural shape of the surface, which increases the aesthetic merits of the frame. The construction of crowns in such a construction is carried out with minimal tolerances, duplicating the complex shape of the elements.

No less attractive is the variant of the logs. All external flaws and defects of the log are smoothed, which simplifies the process of tracing. This is a solid and high-quality log, which is second only to aesthetic advantages. If Canadian log cabin is planned with minimal investments, then it is necessary to use a spiked log, which is drawn in one approach. However, the tolerances of "bowls" with grooves in this case are increasing, which may require caulking.

Recommendations from specialists

For beginners in the work with log cabins, professional carpenters recommend using a saw for incisions in the process of logs, then remove excess with a chisel. Be sure to have ready-made logs with a correctly executed "bowl" - this will be an example, which can be guided in the work. In the absence of a reference log, in some cases, tin patterns are used that will reduce the risk of inaccurate processing. But in any case, each crown must also be checked by level. There are other subtleties in the Canadian log cabin, which should be borne in mind. So, if during the processing an extra layer was removed, this does not mean that the log becomes unfit for use. Replenish a few millimeters will allow a layer of insulation, which will lie between the logs.

Advantages of Canadian wheelhouse

All the advantages of technology are detected already in the process of operating the house. Among them, one can distinguish the absence of cold bridges, the reliability of a dense construction, the durability and decorative qualities of the frame. By the way, outwardly the joints look unusual and even resemble patterns. Close mixing of wooden elements also affects the energy-saving function of the house. The cost of heating is minimized, if during the construction was carried out and quality insulation.

Disadvantages of Canadian cutting

The process of construction can not be attributed to the lungs, so the inexperienced masters in this business often have problems. This applies to the implementation of marking, and to the process of laying logs. The construction itself requires serious costs if it is intended to use high-quality wood material. If cheap raw materials are used, then the operational advantages that the frame should ideally have are more likely to be eliminated. Canadian felling allows to provide good protection against cold, but only due to the tightness of the structure. As already noted, this nuance is not the best way to affect the ventilation of the house. Constructively to get rid of this lack in the process of construction is impossible, therefore solve the problem through additional supply of ventilation systems.

Conclusion

There are many techniques for constructing wooden houses. Many of them have many common technological methods, thanks to which a durable, economical in content and just a beautiful frame are obtained. Canadian felling, in turn, has its own unique features. They are mainly expressed in achieving a high degree of joint density, which ultimately ensures the durability of the house, and the optimum microclimate in its premises. At the same time, technology does not exclude other advantages of wooden structures. These include environmental friendliness, a variety of planning configurations and undemanding maintenance.