Gable roof with own hands: device and calculations

The gable roof is a more complex construction, compared to the conventional one-pitched roof. Despite this, some owners of country and private houses prefer it to her. If the measurements are correctly carried out and a competent selection of materials is made, then such a roof will become an ornament of an apartment house and will protect it for several decades. Such a roof is often built over winter gardens, pavilions and other similar objects to give the building an elegant appearance.

Construction of a gable roof

The gable roof has many differences from with a gable roof. They consist in the installation of two foot rafters, which will form a hip ramp. In addition, you will need the construction that will support the rafters. The cantilever rafters should be longer than the side rafters, so for their manufacture, choose a board of more impressive length and thickness. As an alternative, you can integrate the existing timber.

The gable roof will have a skeleton, which is formed by the following elements:

• Mauerlat;
• sill;
• Floor beams;
• Racks;
• Skate beam;
• Rafters;
• Stitch;
• Struts.

As for the Mauerlat, it is a bar, located along the perimeter of the outer walls. With it, you can redistribute the load on the walls. The ice is an intermediate bar, which is located on the inner bearing walls. But from the boards that are on the Mauerlate, beams are formed overlap. They act as a frame between an attic or an attic, as well as a floor. The gable roof should have racks that look like supporting vertical bars. With their help, you can hold the roof frame. While the ridge bar is laid on vertical racks, protruding support for rafters. The last of these elements are boards that are mounted with a certain step and are located on a ridge beam.

Additional components

At the bottom of the rafters rest on the Mauerlat. They are divided into nakosnye and lateral. The vertical support is a steeple, it supports the load-bearing rafters. Scaffolds are boards that should be placed at an angle of 45 ° to the horizon. The struts are the spacers between the beams of the slabs or the loungers and rafters. The components should be joined together by metal corners or overlays, they are fixed with nails, threaded studs with nuts or screws.

Carrying out of calculations

If you are running a three-slope roof of the house, then it will be necessary to make calculations. For this, the skate is measured, as well as the length of the walls. In the latter case, it is necessary to measure the perimeter. After that you need to determine the difference between these values. The number that turned out should be divided into two. This length should be measured on each side parallel to the ridge. The next step is to check the length of the ridge and the average length of the walls that are parallel to it. The calculation must be repeated for the wall, on which the hips will be installed, they are triangular parts of the roof.

Measurements should be started from the central point of the beam section. Then, measure the parameters of the side wall, dividing the figure by two. This value is measured from the central line of the wall. In order to reduce errors, it is recommended to use a measuring rod. From roulette experts recommend to refuse, since there is a possibility of errors during assembly works. The roof rafter system has a long life, therefore it is recommended to install the roofing cake in areas that are characterized by strong winds and earthquakes.

Installation features: material preparation

The trench roof, the photo of which is presented in the article, should be arranged after the preparation of the material. Traditionally, for a rafter system and a crate, coniferous timber is used, which is prepared by drying under a canopy. Its residual moisture should not be more than 20%. When choosing a material, you need to check it for the absence of traces of mold and rot, as well as darkening.

The timber should be covered with an antiseptic, and to increase the fire-fighting qualities - fire retardant composition. When tricycated roofs are made by hand, the mauerlat is usually made from a square-section bar, its side can be equal to 100 or 150 mm. Whereas rafters and floor beams can be made of a 50-mm board, the width of which is 200 mm or more. In this case, the workpieces must be turned with the narrow side downward, this will reduce the sagging.

Work on oksnymi rafters

Cantilever rafters will undergo a high load, they must be made of a bar of rectangular cross-section, the dimensions of which are 100x150 mm. Cantilever rafters can be made of two spliced boards, between them are trimmed, and then the system is pulled together on the stud.

Recommendations of a specialist

The cladding is an important element of the roofing system, it is made of a 20-mm board, which is laid on the rafters with a certain pitch. These elements should be parallel to the ridge beam. If the arrangement of a soft roof is carried out, the crate must be continuous, using plywood is necessary for this. To make a roof, you can apply a roof covering, which will play the role of hydroprotection. You need a heater and a vapor barrier.

Technology of work

If you are thinking about how to make a gable roof, then you must first lay the Mauerlat. The beam should be placed along the length and dock in the corners. Move the element to the inside. To the brick walls, the Mauerlat is fixed by anchors, but it is first necessary to lay the roll waterproofing material in two layers. The beam is treated with an antiseptic, and the internal walls are laid down, between the wood and the wall should be placed waterproof coating.

The truss roof is also suitable for the annexe. Act in this case is necessary by the described technology. To do this, the joists must be laid on top of the Mauerlat, using planks with dimensions of 50x200 mm. The board should be placed on the end, which will increase the rigidity to the deflection. Beams fit in a certain order, first go extreme, then - intermediate. The distance between them can be any, but it should be limited to a range in the range from 50 to 120 cm. If it is planned to insulate the ceiling, leave a distance of 60 cm between the beams. The height of the floor beams should be adjusted with wooden pads.

Methods of work

The double-skinned roof of the extension to the house must have vertical posts. They are laid on the beams of the floor or the bed. You can install and fasten them with temporary supports and slops. To the beams of the rack are fixed by overlays of wood or metal. The number of racks should be such that the step between them does not exceed two meters. The rack should be located at the edge of the roof, which forms a vertical pediment. On a rack there is a ridge beam, which is fixed by overlays or corners.

Lateral - these are sloped rafters, the upper end of which is fixed on the ridge beam, while the lower end is on the Mauerlate. They must be executed according to the template. It cuts the right amount of rafters, which are fixed to the ridge beam and the rafter.

The side rafters are strengthened by struts. Their thickness should be equal to the thickness of the beams and rafters. Cantilever rafters rely on boards or timber. Fixation is done by corners or overlays. After the rafter system is installed, you can get rid of temporary stings and perform a crate. Under profiled sheeting and metal tile she should be sparse, whereas for ondulin it is solid. This applies to all varieties of soft roofing.

Conclusion

The gable roof often becomes an ornament not only of an apartment house, but also of a bathhouse, arbor, and also buildings of any other purpose. When orienting the hip ramp toward the prevailing wind load, the roof acquires the ability to withstand quite strong winds, which makes it more durable.