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Antifreeze poisoning: symptoms, first aid, consequences

Tosol and antifreeze are indispensable tools for car owners, since their action is aimed at cooling the engine even in the most hot heat. At the same time, the composition of this liquid, which is predominantly blue, turquoise, is the strongest poison for the human body. It would seem who will drink this chemistry! But the cases of poisoning with antifreeze do not get smaller every year. Most often, the hospital receives children and adults who have drunk the substance purposefully to settle accounts with life. It is not advisable to talk about what motivates people to take such steps, it is better to pay attention to symptoms of antifreeze poisoning and ways of providing first aid.

What is dangerous for human cooling fluid?

Numerous synthetic additives, aqueous solutions and alcohols, dyes and anticorrosive components - all this makes even antifreeze vapors poisonous. When inhaling harmful micro-substances, the brain, liver and kidney cells, and CNS are negatively affected. With prolonged exposure to this substance or exceeding the concentration of tosol in the air, men develop sexual dysfunction, in women - reproductive system disorders.

Poisoning with antifreeze vapors is less common cause for treatment in a medical institution, rather than intoxication, which develops as a result of ingestion of a colored liquid. To start pathological processes, an adult patient should drink 3 tbsp. L. Substance, for the onset of death in the next day - just over a glass. Disturbances in the body begin to occur immediately after the coolant enters the interior. When poisoning with antifreeze vapors, the symptoms may not immediately manifest themselves, and in some cases even pass without radical therapeutic intervention at all.

What symptoms occur immediately after swallowing the antifreeze?

So, the manifestations of intoxication of the body due to the use of automotive fluid inside can be conditionally divided into several stages. At first, there is a slight malaise, something reminiscent of alcoholic intoxication. It does not last long. Then the patient starts to sleep. After 10-12 hours, more marked signs of poisoning become noticeable:

  • There is severe headache and dizziness;
  • The coordination of movements is rapidly lost;
  • The patient struggles to maintain balance and balance;
  • Double vision or short-term loss of vision;
  • Unsuccessful attempts to focus on a particular subject;
  • There are muscle cramps;
  • Soreness in the abdominal cavity;
  • nausea and vomiting;
  • Decreased body temperature;
  • Decreased blood pressure and chills;
  • Pallor and cyanosis of the skin.

What awaits the victim without treatment?

The first aid, which is absent from antifreeze poisoning, is a favorable condition for its progression. The next day as a result of disturbances in nitrogen metabolism, the lesions of the internal organs (kidneys, liver) are rapidly developing. Diurnal diuresis decreases up to anuria, blood in the urine, swelling of the extremities can appear. With further delay of dangerous toxins in the body, irreversible consequences will occur: uremic coma, the outcome of which is pitiable.

Other signs of poisoning with antifreeze may not appear immediately, but only after a few days. "Slow" intoxication is more common when consuming a small amount of cooling a machine engine. In rare cases, latent poisoning does not manifest itself for 2-3 weeks. Symptoms of intoxication caused by severe liver damage may indicate the development of profound dystrophic changes in the form of ascites and cirrhosis.

How to provide first aid for poisoning with antifreeze?

A person who has swallowed antifreeze, regardless of age, weight and general health, needs emergency medical care. When entering a small dose of toxol into the body, symptoms of intoxication may occur later, but you need to act immediately. Emergency care is carried out in the following order:

  • The patient is washed with a 2% soda solution. Prepare it in a ratio of 4 tsp. Soda for 1 liter of boiled water, mix thoroughly. In the absence of alkali, you can use ordinary water at your fingertips.
  • Then the resulting solution is given to the victim. To drink it it is necessary in the shortest period - for 5-7 minutes.
  • After the artificial vomiting is called: two fingers should be pressed on the root of the tongue. Pre-take care of the dishes to collect vomit.
  • When poisoning with antifreeze, drunk in large quantities, rinse should be repeated. After the termination of vomiting it is important to provide the patient with peace, cover with a warm blanket and continue to drink water to avoid the development of kidney failure.

Bleeding with the strongest intoxication of the body

Before the ambulance arrives, nothing more is needed. Independently to search for any medicines and in a panic to give them poisoned it is not necessary. Moreover, in order to overcome intoxication, doctors do not prescribe any medication to the patient, since there is no specific antidote for toxol poisoning. Therapy with toxol poisoning is to update the blood. First of all, the maximum possible volume of toxic blood is eliminated by its emission through a venous puncture. This technique allows you to quickly release the body from settled in the vessels and long-circulating poisonous substances. Required for normal life, the amount of blood is replenished by the donor.

What medicines are used after poisoning?

The further task in the course of treatment is to maintain the work of the affected internal organs and restore their functionality to the fullest. A correctly formulated therapeutic regimen will stop the progression of pathological changes and prevent the irreversible effects of antifreeze poisoning. In most cases, these drugs are used:

  • Glucose solution or saline solution - is administered intravenously in order to prevent dehydration and maintain kidney function;
  • "Korglikon", "Adonisid", "Digoxin" - medicines, whose action is aimed at increasing the tone of the heart, restoring its normal contraction, eliminating puffiness.
  • "Etymisol", "Cititon" - are needed to stimulate breathing, eliminate the narcotic effect of ethylene glycol and methanol.
  • "Mardil", "Mannit" - provide dehydration of toxic liquids from tissues and their release of their body.
  • "Phenobarbital", "Clonazepam" - preparations for arresting attacks of muscle cramps, manifestations of disorders in the work of the nervous system.

As soon as the patient's condition stabilizes, he is prescribed a course of magnesium sulfate injections to neutralize poisonous salts. With increased acidity, sodium bicarbonate is used. In addition to these funds, the patient is also prescribed the intake of B vitamins and ascorbic acid.

What to do when poisoning in pairs or getting on the skin?

When poisoning with antifreeze by its abundant evaporation, as a rule, serious complications do not occur. In case of signs of general malaise, it is important to provide the patient rest and peace, open the windows and ventilate the room well. Warm, profuse drink, if necessary, antipyretic and anesthetics - the most effective in this case. If it gets to the skin, rinse it thoroughly with cold water, since the external contact with the antifreeze does not represent the slightest threat to human health.

Alcohol "therapy": tried by scientists!

There is an opinion that if you accidentally swallow the cooler for the victim, the best medicine will be alcohol. How effective is this "antidote", it is difficult to say, but scientists from England have already announced the success of the experiments. All cases of poisoning, with which they fought with the help of intoxicating beverages, were completed safely, without cardinal consequences for the internal organs of the victims. The secret of such treatment is simple - every hour for a few drinks of strong alcohol (vodka, whiskey, cognac).

The duration of the recovery period after antifreeze poisoning depends on the degree of damage to the body. To reduce to zero the possibility of intoxication will help to observe elementary safety techniques during the application of the substance and exclusion of its getting into children's hands.

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