HealthDiseases and Conditions

Alcoholic polyneuropathy

Alcoholic polyneuropathy is observed in patients diagnosed with chronic alcoholism. In this case, damage to the functions of internal organs occurs, especially in the liver. In this regard, there is a deficiency of thiamine and other B-vitamins in the body. The main reason for the development of alcohol polyneuropathy is avitaminosis. It is caused by metabolic shifts, which cause degeneration of axons and destruction of myelin. Autoimmune and other mechanisms associated with the reactivity of the organism, explain some clinical features. These include frequent development of the disease after infection or cooling.

It should be noted that alcoholic polyneuropathy is about three percent of all cases of clinical manifestations of alcoholism. The patient, distracted by intoxication, can experience pain in the lower parts of the extremities, in particular in calves, in the prodromal (pre-disease) period. The apparent development of the disease is acute, and after a few days the muscles become exhausted, painful, and in some cases lose the ability to move.

Polyneuropathy alcoholic is manifested primarily by the defeat of the peroneal nerve. As a result, the extensors of the feet become weakened. Often there is a violation of the extensor functions of the fingers and the hand. In some cases, marked atrophy of muscle groups. Initially, tendon reflexes are increased, but with the course of the disease they decrease or disappear. The disease progresses weeks and months. In severe cases, cranial, diaphragmatic and vagus nerves may be involved .

In the initial period of the disease, the disease is accompanied by a disorder of sensitivity, pain and numbness appear. In the future, noticeable episodes of loss of surface and deep sensitivity. The defeat of peripheral sympathetic fibers explains pronounced vegetative disorders (changes in skin temperature and color, sweating and trophism, swelling in the distal areas).

In a number of cases, the disease is accompanied by Korsakov's syndrome. Refusal to take alcohol leads to the suspension of the disease, its regress begins. At the same time, there are contractures and pareses.

It should be noted that alcohol affects human systems and organs in the complex and their combined damage causes cell degeneration more quickly. If to speak conditionally, polyneuropathy is an attempt to cut off the supply of remote and not very important (in the organism's opinion) systems and nerve cells, supplying the brain, the heart, and the central nervous system to a greater extent.

About a third of patients complain of numbness. The initial stage of the disease is accompanied by shivers, tingling. Numbness worries only in a dream or a long time in an incorrect position. With the course of the disease, constant numbness develops, puffiness, motor activity is impaired.

Alcoholic polyneuropathy. Treatment.

It should be noted that an accurate diagnosis of the disease is made by evaluating the neurological status, preserving the reflexes. The volume of active movements of the neck and extremities, reaction and so on is also determined.

Patients who are diagnosed alcoholic polyneuropathy, treatment begins with refusing to drink alcohol. The complex of therapy includes also normalization of a way of life, stabilization of a food. It is prescribed vitamin and antioxidant therapy, vascular medications, as well as drugs, whose action is aimed at improving the repair processes (self-healing) in the nervous tissue. Symptomatic therapy is needed, including anesthesia, normalization of pressure, removal of puffiness.

The recovery of patients depends on their ability to give up alcohol.

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