What is the style of the text? Sample texts

The style of speech and text can be colloquial, journalistic, scientific. Each of them has its own characteristics and features. What is the style of the text and how to distinguish one system of speech media from another?

Definition

In order to answer the question of what a style of text is, it is worth remembering any phrase from a poetic work, in which we are talking about natural phenomena. And then try to "translate" the content of the poetic passage into the language used by television broadcasters, transmitting the weather forecast. The poet will say: "The warm summer rain is falling." Announcer: "There are precipitations today." In terms of these phrases are identical. By the language means that are used in them, are absolutely different. So, what is the style of the text?

There are several systems of speech facilities. Each of them is used in this or that sphere. This is the style of speech, text.

Kinds

As for the classification among linguists, there are disagreements. The answer to the question of what is the style of the text is all one. This system, which is inherent in certain language tools. All styles of text, examples of which are given below, can be divided into two types:

1. Book.
2. Colloquial.

Book, in turn, is divided into scientific, official-business, journalistic and religious-preaching. Some linguists will also distinguish the artistic style, that is, the one used by writers and poets. However, this opinion can be argued. Authors of works of art use the possibilities of the language to the full. They are not limited to the means that are inherent in a particular speech system.

Speech styles differ in pronunciation of words, lexical-phraseological composition, morphological means and syntactic constructions.

Conversational style

This speech system performs the function of communicating orally. Its features are ease, unofficial, expressive. Similar characteristics do not have other styles of speech. Examples of texts in the colloquial style are present in works of art. The writer, striving to reflect life most realistically, includes in the narrative dialogues.

A feature of the conversational style is also the availability of reduced speed. A person, buying a ticket at the station ticket office, will say the phrase: "One to Petrovsky-Razumovskaya." He will not express his desire in a bookish way. In a journalistic style, such a phrase would look like this: "I want to buy one ticket for the train bound for Petrovsko-Razumovskaya station."

In the colloquial style an important role is played by the sound side of speech. Namely - intonation. It is she who gives speech the impression of conversation. The vocabulary of this style includes words of two kinds:

1. Common.
2. Conversational.

There are also colloquial words, professionalisms, dialectisms, jargon. Speaking speech system is rich in phraseological units, which, for example, is rarely found in journalistic texts.

Book style

A characteristic feature of this speech system is the observance of literary norms. A lexical feature of the book style is style unity. The reference to speech in a publicistic or scientific text is inadmissible.

What is the difference between scientific and other book styles of speech? We will give examples of texts using the content of the first stanza of Yesenin's famous poem "I'm tired of living in my native land."

1. The hero of the work expressed a desire to leave the settlement in which he was born (scientific style).
2. The hero of the work is tired. He does not intend to live in his native land (journalistic style).
3. The hero of the poetic work reached the age of majority and became able to work. Accordingly, it is possible to change the place of residence (official-business style).

Features of the journalistic style - generality and abstractness. In such texts there is no expressiveness. Extremely impartial presentation of the facts.

Publicistic texts can perform two functions: informational and effective. The journalist does not state indifferent events. He is an active participant.

And, finally, the formal and business style serving legal relations between citizens and the state is distinguished by the closedness, stability and abundance of standard, sometimes disingenuous phrases.