What is corvee in Russia

Land rent, established by the feudal lords in relation to serf people, the free forced labor of a peasant dependent on the master, and with his own instruments of labor, that's what a serfdom is. In Western Europe existed from the 8th and 9th centuries, after three hundred years gradually supplanted by obrok, by the 14th-15th centuries it almost completely disappeared. In Russia, corvée emerged during the reign of Kiev's dining-room.

The history of the question: what is corvee

The most widespread corruption was in the 16th and 17th centuries. The abolition of serfdom in 1861 did not absolve the peasants completely, the temporary lodgers worked as sharecroppers. Legally, the burglary was abolished in 1882, but in fact existed until 1917 in the form of workings. However, the end of corvée can not be considered irrevocable. There is an opinion that without serfdom, Russia has never lived and that it was the serfdom in Russia that ensured the prosperity of the country.

Comparison of corvee and quitrent

Relief of serfdom was a quitrent: once and for all payments, but since the system of measures and weights was absent everywhere, the bar was as much as possible: for example, the obrok cock had to be so well-fed and strong that it could jump on the roost without running start, the cheese should Be strong enough not to break from the blow against the wall ... Most often, they did not even bark at the bar, having amused themselves at the balls of Moscow and St. Petersburg, and the clerks, whose arbitrariness was unchangeable, and which most of the proceeds were simply appropriated.

So, what is corvée? The work of both serfs and temporarily liable peasants on the landowner. What did the peasants get for this extremely hard and exhausting work? For giving part of the land to lease this landlord, most likely - inconvenience, hummock and bog. The landlords were obliged to give the peasants a piece of land for temporary use, but this land remained the property of the landowner and never, in any future, the peasants did not belong. On the contrary, before the "redemption deal" the peasant had to fulfill his obligations. Terms for the repurchase were not established, therefore, it was these dependent relationships that gradually lost "temporaryity" and became long-term. Forms and sizes of duties were established by local "Regulations", in which two kinds of duties were indicated - a quitrent and corvée.

Forms and types

Barshchina in Russia in every possible way changed its forms and types. The size of the duty was calculated from the size of the peasant's soul allotment. In payment for the use of land, men, women, and even children served their own economic tools: they had to plow, sow, harvest, harvested hay, berries, mushrooms, in general, fully meet all the needs of the landowner.

Recall that the serfs did not have the right to dispose of their own lives, they were sold and bought, executed and pardoned, and forced to work like ordinary cattle. The peasant's yard at any time could be relocated to a new place, and already cultivated land, watered for many years later by a peasant family, was selected for manor arable land.

conclusions

And yet the peasants were very fond of their land. Already in the first half of the 16th century, at the source of serfdom, it was clear that only peasants could be torn off from their allotments. Or peasant revolt, for example, "senseless and merciless", when the cup of patience of the Russian people was overflowing. That's what a serfdom is.