Organs - what is this? What are the organs and what is their difference?

What are organs? This question can be followed by several different answers. Find out what definition of the word, in what areas it is used.

The organs are ... Definition

The term is ambiguous and is used in several areas. From the point of view of law, bodies are organizations, institutions that perform certain duties and tasks in public life. Most often the term occurs in biology, denoting a part of the body of a living organism - an animal, a plant, a fungus or a person who perform certain functions.

If you understand, then all the definitions, although they relate to different areas of life, have similar features. They are close to the third meaning, where the organs are tools, tools, means. In both the biological and legal aspects, the body is part of the system, a link that has its functions and tasks. That is, it is its means in achieving the result.

In the human body system, the organ means an inanimate object that supports our life activity. In the state system, he refers to an organization consisting of several people dealing with issues of public life. How can I replace the word organ? The synonym "tool" is probably best suited.

Controls

The structure that governs any sphere is called the management body. This may apply to the state, society, commercial enterprise. In most cases, the organs are divided into main and secondary. In commerce, the main management body may be, for example, the board of directors, if it is a joint-stock company.

In the state, authorities are represented by various institutions and organizations that may be specific (the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the President of the Russian Federation, etc.) or generalized, for example, the Federal Service, etc. All of them are divided into higher, lower, local, regional, federal and Central, differing in the degree of their influence.

The state apparatus differs in its structure in different countries. It depends on the form of government (monarchy, republic, etc.), regime (democracy, dictatorship, etc.), political and territorial division of the country (autonomy, unitarism, etc.). A common feature for all is the presence of government and coercion.

In this regard, the highest bodies are the executive (the president, the monarch), the judiciary (supreme, middle, lower courts), the legislative (parliament, Duma, shura) power. In the countries of totalitarian socialism, they are divided into courts, the prosecutor's office, government bodies and public authorities.

General organ systems

The Kingdom of Animals includes a huge variety of species, including humans. Their organs differ depending on the group to which they belong, however there are common features. The basic systems of organs that are present in the representatives of the animal kingdom:

• Musculoskeletal.
• Digestive.
• Exclusive.
• Sexual.
• Nervous.
• Respiratory.
• Cover.
• The immune.

The complexity of the structure of the body increases from the lower living beings to the higher. For example, flat worms, primitive in their structure, do not have hands, feet, paws, respiratory organs, vessels, unlike mammals.

Despite this, even the most primitive organisms usually have excretory, digestive, muscular, reproductive systems, necessary for basic tasks: nutrition, movement, reproduction.

With the advancement of the hierarchical ladder, the number of systems and their bodies and functions increases. For example, the musculoskeletal system of worms is represented by several muscles, when in mammals it turned into a complex system with a skeleton, muscles and tendons. In birds, it is supplemented by wings, in fish - by fins.

Common in many animals are the senses, they are represented by the mechanisms of sight, smell, hearing, taste, balance. They help to navigate in space, to warn against danger, to communicate, to recognize food and other objects.

Special organs of animals

The way of life and habitat of living organisms is reflected in their external and internal structure. Some have formed specific organs that distinguish them from representatives of other groups of animals.

In small depressions on the head of snakes are the receptors, which are responsible for the recognition of heat. Thanks to them, reptiles can easily find warm-blooded prey even in total darkness. The creeping way of life also developed in them the ability to feel vibrations much thinner than other animals.

Special organs can be considered glands, which weave a web. Such a remedy is only found in arachnids and gibonopods of millipedes. With the help of cobwebs, animals build burrows, catch food, make cocoons for eggs.

Fish have a number of specific organs. For breathing, many of them use gills, for swimming fins. Bony fish have a swim bladder, allowing it to be at the required depth, while not sinking to the bottom and not popping up.

Human organs

Man in the animal hierarchy belongs to the class of Mammals and the order of Primates. The systems of its organs are the same as in all vertebrates. And the functions and structure of the body in many ways converge with mammals. The closest to the modern kind of people - Homo sapiens - are African chimpanzees and gorillas. With them, we do not have less than 10% of the genes.

Yet the organizational structure of man differs from monkeys. For example, one of our main organs - the spine, has a curved shape in the form of the letter S, possessing deflections in the neck and lower back. The pelvic bone is more extensive than that of our "next of kin", and the arms and legs are more elongated.

The thumb on the person's arm is completely opposed to the other, but on the legs this sign has disappeared. In monkeys, he is present until now. As a result of uprightness, the location of some muscles and tendons differs in our body. The brain is much larger than the chimpanzee in size. But we have less hair (these are also organs).

Conclusion

The organs represent part of a coherent structure or system. Each of them performs certain tasks and functions. The term is used in several meanings. Can designate as a management body in a commercial, public or state system, and part of the body of a living organism.