What is and how to determine eye pressure? The norm of eye pressure.

The liquid that is in the anterior chamber, in the back chamber, and also in the vitreous body of the eyeball, exerts some pressure on the walls of the eye. In view of the fact that both chambers are not insulated cavities, they communicate with each other through the pupillary opening, and from the vitreous body the posterior chamber is separated only by a very flexible zinn ligament. Therefore, if the pressure in these three cavities is different, then this difference is quickly equalized. All this allows us to consider the eye as a single cavity filled with intraocular fluid. The pressure that this liquid exerts on the walls of the eye is called the intraocular, or eye strain, i.e. Its ophthalmotonus.

Eye pressure, the norm of which is determined by the ratio between the capacity of the eyeball and the amount of its contents, may vary somewhat during the course of the day, and this will not be a pathology. Blood pressure has a huge impact on the origin of a value such as eye pressure. The norm of the arterial tone is 120/80 mm Hg. Art. This is due to the generality of the vessels that feed the eye. However, the complete parallelism between arterial pressure and ophthalmotonus in the sense that the higher the first value, the higher the second, no. Eye pressure, the norm of which varies between 18 and 24 mm Hg. Art., Largely independently. This is because the local blood pressure in the organs is regulated independently and not always in parallel in large vessels. In the eye, the very sinuous course of the leading vessels and their very small caliber soften the pulse wave pressure. On the other hand, a small number of large venous trunks significantly facilitates the outflow of blood from the eye, preventing the formation of venous congestion in this structure. There is another factor that greatly reduces the pressure of blood pressure on the eye. This is the osmotic pressure of the protein fractions of the blood.

As noted above, there are diurnal fluctuations that have an eye pressure, the norm of the range of such oscillations does not exceed 3-5 mm Hg. Art. Anything that goes beyond this range is defined as low or high eye pressure. And this is a pathological condition. The first change is called hypotension or hypotension, and the second is called hypertension, glaucoma. Tension of the eye can be determined approximately, with the help of finger research, as well as with the help of special instruments, in particular the Maklakov tonometer. When measuring the intraocular pressure with an eye tonometer, the eye should first be anesthetized, since The instrument will be placed directly on the cornea, which is the most sensitive part of not only the organ of vision, but the whole organism as a whole. For reliability, several samples are taken from one eye. For the indicator to shade, use special dyes based on solutions of silver (collargol) or other substances. To fix the data, the impression of the area left by the cornea of the eye is applied to paper, previously wiped with cotton wool soaked with alcohol. The image should be allowed to dry well so that it does not lubricate. Then the level of intraocular pressure is determined by special rulers. The narrower the playground, the ophthalmotonus is higher, and, conversely, the wider the print area, the lower the pressure of the eye. At the present stage, there are more convenient ways of determining the ophthalmotonus, for example, contactless tonometry. However, the contact method is still very relevant and, most importantly, an effective way of measuring eye strain.

If high levels of eye pressure are found, a detailed examination is carried out, including their daily monitoring. If the raised or increased ophthalmotonus is constantly fixed, the glaucoma is diagnosed. It can lead to a gradual loss of vision. In order to avoid complete blindness, the patient's high eye pressure (as a specialist can only determine how to treat it) requires immediate and adequate reaction, concentration and patience.