Waterproofing wooden floor: features and nuances

As the main disadvantage of wooden floors is their exposure to moisture. Its influence can lead to decay and destruction of the floor covering. Therefore, the waterproofing of the wooden floor is an important stage in the arrangement of this part of the premises of any purpose.

Varieties of waterproofing

Today one can choose one of the existing technologies for waterproofing works. The method will depend on the purpose of the room, the structure of the base, and the type of floor covering. According to the variety of material used and the technology of work, waterproofing can be:

• Cast;
• Plastering;
• Painting;
• Zasypnoy;
• Okleychnoy.

In order to choose, by what method the waterproofing of the wooden floor will be made, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the nuances of the work of each method.

Features of the paint waterproofing

The most inexpensive and easily realized method of protecting floors from wood is painting waterproofing. It provides for the application of polymer or bitumen varnishes. The disadvantage of this method is the fragility of the coating created. During operation, it will lose elasticity, which is especially true for those conditions in which there is a temperature difference. Subsequently, such a coating will become brittle, and on the surface will be formed chipped and cracked. Six years after the work, the waterproofing layer will require restoration. If you will be waterproofed wooden floor paint technology, then pre-floor should be polished, remove from its surface of fat spots and dry it. After the surface is covered with a primer from bitumen mastic. It should dry out, and its coloring is carried out with a roller or brush. In some cases, the procedure is repeated several times.

Nuances of cast waterproofing

Waterproofing of the wooden floor can be carried out and cast technology. It is considered more reliable of all existing today. However, one should count on the high cost of the technique. Consumables for the work will be melted bitumen, asphalt concrete or pitch. The material will have a certain viscosity as a function of temperature and composition. Liquid bitumen should be heated to 10 °, as for the low-viscosity composition, its temperature should be in the range of 50 to 80 °. The viscous composition is heated to 120 °.

Before starting work, the substrate is prepared, it should be cleaned, the cracks removed and dried. Further, priming with hot bitumen is carried out. Formwork should be built along the perimeter. The waterproofing layer heats up to the desired temperature, and afterwards the entire surface is filled. The master carries out leveling with a metal scraper and leaves the surface until the composition hardens. If necessary, several such layers can be applied.

Backfilling waterproofing

Waterproofing of the floor in a wooden house can be made by the method of backfilling with special materials called bentonites. With their help, the prepared space is filled. Under the influence of water, this material forms a gel that is almost incapable of transmitting moisture. In addition to waterproofing qualities, the layer formed has thermal insulation capabilities. However, it is thicker, which reduces the height of the ceilings. Before starting the filling of the waterproofing material, it is necessary to make the formwork, which is installed along the perimeter of the room. The surface is cleaned and dried, then you can start filling, carefully leveling and compacting.

Recommendations for plastering waterproofing

Such compositions have among the ingredients mineral binders, as well as polymer additives. The cement is used as filler. Prepared mixture should be applied in several layers, which will create a waterproof protection. The base for such a waterproofing must be cleaned from the paint. Among its mandatory characteristics - maximum strength and purity. Irregularities and cracks should be covered.

Dry mix should be supplemented with water, following the manufacturer's instructions. The prepared composition is mixed, preferably using a construction mixer. During work, the temperature in the room should be in the range from +5 to + 30 °. The application of the solution is carried out in several layers, the quality of which can reach four. Between them, wait an interval of 10 minutes. At the stage of solidification, the working load should not be exposed to the surface, it must be ensured that the thermometer column does not fall below 0 °. At the same time, drying should be avoided.

Technique of waterproofing pasting

Waterproofing of the floor in the wooden house can be carried out and by the pasting technology. At the same time, bitumen rolls, polymer-bitumen or polymer materials are adhered to the base. They should be made of components that prevent the formation of putrefactive processes. As in the above-described cases, the floor surface is cleaned and dried, and after it is applied mastic, the thickness of the layer should be 1.5 mm. Rolls are rolled up from above, adhesion is achieved with the help of adhesive compounds based on solvents. It is important to heat and weld together the previously cleaned seams. The number of layers will depend on the exposure of the floor to water.

Increasing the effectiveness of waterproofing

In order for the waterproofing of the rough wooden floor to be as effective as possible, it is necessary to protect the materials not only from above but also from the bottom. If the building does not have a basement, the waterproofing is done during the construction of the basement. While carrying out waterproofing works of the floor, which has a basement below, can become more complicated. To protect materials from the effects of moisture, a whole range of measures should be taken. To do this, a ventilation system is installed in the subfield. Wooden structures are treated with antiseptics, and on the basement side the surface is insulated with an isoplastic or roofing material. Waterproofing works, as a rule, are carried out in combination with heat insulation.

Waterproofing wooden floors in the bathroom

The waterproofing of the wooden floor in the bathroom should be as effective as possible, since the material is exposed to constant moisture. For the construction of this part of the premises, you should choose a material from waterproof wood species such as aspen or larch. Impregnation of the floor elements is carried out several times, the insulation material should cover all the details under the flooring. To ensure complete protection of the substrate, a tile must be laid on the surface, which will prevent the penetration of water. Otherwise, the work on waterproofing can be carried out according to one of the technologies described above.

Waterproofing of the floor in the bath

The protection of the floor in the bath is most often done by coating or by covering methods. To do this, you can use a roll material or a different mastic. The reliability of the protection will depend on the thickness of the layer. If film material is used, then you should think about the adhesive composition. As one of the main requirements for it is that it should not release harmful substances when exposed to elevated temperatures. Specialists do not advise the use of roofing material in the role of insulators for the steam room and shower room, since the period of its operation is not so high, and when it is heated, it separates the constituent parts of petroleum products. Among other things, after laying it involves the need for abundant bitumen treatment. Thus, the waterproofing of the wooden floor in the bath should be carried out with a thick polyethylene film.

Some experts believe that the most effective way is impregnating. On sale you can find universal special gels that are used for any material. But such products are quite expensive. A number of builders and does not advise to carry out waterproofing works in the therma. This is due to the fact that the room will begin to smell rot and mold. However, in order to exclude this, it is necessary to organize an additional ventilation system.

Protection against moisture from the bottom of the wooden floor

Waterproofing under the wooden floor can be carried out on the ground. No matter how dry it may be, such work should necessarily be done. To do this, a base is prepared from several layers, the first is well-compacted soil, which will be rammed manually or using special equipment. The next stage will be the pouring of sand, which acts as a good waterproofing. If you want to work with dense soils, then it will be enough to have 10 cm of layer. However, if the soil is freezing, and also predisposed to freezing, the height of the undercoat can be increased to 20 cm, since the base is prone to moisture absorption.

The next step is to fill a 10 cm layer of gravel, which has a medium or coarse fraction. The surface is compacted, which prevents the penetration of moisture to the high layers. Thus, you can block the access of moisture to the joists and lags. If the groundwater is deep, not more than 2 m from the surface, the crushed stone can be replaced with expanded clay, which acts as a heat and waterproofing. These layers are necessary when choosing any surface waterproofing of the floor and the method of laying the wooden covering.

Waterproofing of the floor on poles

To make a waterproofing of a wooden floor on poles it is possible on the following technology. Throughout the area inside the base for this, it is necessary to excavate pits, the distance between which should be 1.5 m. A cushion of sand and rubble is laid on their bottom, and then a waterproofing is made of polyethylene film. It should be exposed to the surface of the soil by 30 cm. The poles are made of bricks, which, after the solution has dried, must be treated with waterproof mastic.

The best waterproofing for a wooden floor in this case consists of different materials. For example, a ruberoid is laid on the surface of the space under the floor, the canvases of which are fastened together with bituminous mastic. It should be raised on the walls of the basement by 20 cm and glued with bitumen. The corners are carefully sealed, the material is best not cut at all, but folded with folds. When installing the roofing material, you must create a sealed container on the bottom of the floor. The posts are treated with bitumen and are covered with pieces of roofing material, which fits in several layers. You can be carried out such a waterproofing of the wooden floor under the tile. This technology at the next stage provides for the installation on the pillars of thick beams overlap, which are pre-treated with penetrating waterproofing materials. The beams are fixed on the supports by metal fasteners, lags are installed on them, and a cranial bar is fixed at the bottom of each of them, which will form the basis for the rough floor.

Conclusion

Whatever material for the waterproofing of the wooden floor you have been chosen, the main thing is to observe a specific technology, one of which can be realized by you yourself.