Variety of grapes Moldova. Vinograd Moldova: rules of care, reviews about the variety

Grapes Moldova is a popular table variety, bred by a group of breeders in Moldova and characterized by late maturation.

Grapes Moldova: Variety description

Vines are dark purple, oval, large, each weighs about 6-7 grams with berries height more than 2 cm. The small cluster size (from 300 grams to 1 kg) and the average density are fully compensated by the sweet taste of fresh berries, estimated by a 10-point System by 8 points. The maturity of the berries is slow due to the gradual accumulation of sugars in them. Pulp of fruit fleshy, with some cartilaginous. Seeds in berries from 2 to 4. The dense peel is a bit rough and covered with a waxy coating, which provides the variety with excellent transportability and high performance in long-term storage, with only the improvement of the taste qualities of Moldova.

Grapes after maturation can be stored for a long time directly on the bush; However, with the late tearing of clusters, its shelf life and transport possibilities are significantly reduced. The taste of berries is fresh in a fresh form, the preservation is also appetizing: compotes and jams.

External Characteristics of Variety Moldova

Bushes of Moldova's grapes are characterized by a high stature; The vine is brown, has good aging terms. Flowers grapes are bisexual. This means that the bush does not require additional planting of pollinating varieties of grapes. The leaves are large, round, weakly divided, with raised edges upward. The underside of the leaf is somewhat pubescent.

Vinograd Moldova (photo below) is most common in the Crimea, Odessa and Kherson regions, Krasnodar Krai and Rostov region.

It is from the place of growth that the maturation period of the grapes depends, the average index of which is 155-165 days. In more northern regions, the harvest may not be ripe, which will cause the sour taste of the berries. Vinohrad Moldova, whose consumer feedback is only positive, soon becomes fruitful, the first harvest can be collected in the 2-3rd year of life. The most active fruiting of grapes is concentrated above the base of the vine at 5-6 knots. With proper agricultural technology, the Moldovan bush can give 150 kg of excellent high-quality berries in 8-10 years after planting.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

Moldova is a grape that is not affected by the phylloxera and is characterized by high resistance to diseases such as gray mold and mildew. Later, the ripening of Moldova does not attract os to the bushes, which is another virtue of the variety. The disadvantages of Moldova are weak resistance to oidium (powdery mildew), so the bush should be treated twice a season with preventive drugs.

The grapes are frost-hardy, according to some statements, can withstand frosts up to -26 ° C. In order to preserve the bush during the winter, it is recommended to hide Moldova. Grapes for this need to be put completely on the ground and covered with hay or ordinary film. You can hide only the bunch of grape bush; The stalk, just planted, requires mandatory cover. Usually it is completely covered with earth and opens in late March. With the film tunnel shelter, the bushes should be opened by mid-April.

Peculiarities of growing grapes Moldova

When growing grapes, one should take into account such a feature as the temperature difference during the day (day and night).

To preserve the reserve of daytime heat and smooth out the difference between night and daytime temperatures, mulch should be done under the plant bushes (black film or plant remains), form stone or brick slides under the stands and place vineyards with water containers.

Planting of grapes Moldova

Grapes to grow - work is not easy! This rather laborious process involves not only planting and inoculation of the cuttings, but also the correct selection of the landing site and the preparation of a landing pit. Optimal for the bush will be a light, well-fertilized soil, groundwater should be located no more than 1.5 meters from the surface. The land for Moldova should be sunny and well protected from the winds. It is recommended to plant Moldova's grape horizontally, as well as near gazebos and canopies, on the southern side. In this case, the bush will not be heavily thickened, and the berries will acquire the highest possible dimensional and taste indices.

Planting of grapes Moldova should be made in the spring, it is at this time that the bush will be able to take on the maximum and get stability before the coming frosts. An excellent crop can be grown from grafted in autumn cuttings.

Features of planting grapes

The main rule of planting in spring and autumn is a stable temperature, keeping at a level of 15 ^o C. When planting grapes, one should take into account such qualities as strong growth and tendency to thicken, negatively affecting the quality and size of berries. The bush should be formed with long sleeves, providing a free space for growth. Suitable for such a variety is the planting scheme of 5 x 4 meters.

Planting of grapes Moldova can be produced both on the old rootstock and on its own roots. Cuttings are recommended to be held in water for a while, until the appearance of white roots.

The bottom of the landing pit should be qualitatively fertilized with organic fertilizers mixed with the soil. It is important when planting not to fill the root of the seedling with earth, leaving it above the surface.

To inoculate the stalk, the wedge should be trimmed in a wedge-shaped manner, a few millimeters away from the lower eye, and placed in water for a day, and dipped in a solution of "Humata" for a few seconds (10 drops of the drug per liter of water). The grafting of the stalk is required in the split of the stock, previously cleaned of dirt and serrations. The stump of the bush should be tightly pulled off with the help of a durable fabric, which will facilitate a more rapid rooting of the cuttings on this stock.

After planting, the cuttings should be watered abundantly, using at least one bucket of water per unit. Near the plant plant should dig in the support, which will guide the growth of the vine.

Vinograd Moldova: the characteristics of care

Grapes Moldova, like any other plant, needs regular watering and feeding. Watering the shrub is required before flowering and after its termination, as well as with a lack of moisture. The frequency of watering can be once a month or increase during periods of prolonged droughts. Surplus water is required to be diverted to specially dug out drainage ditches.

The growth and fruiting of the grapes are qualitatively influenced by mulching, for which it is recommended to use the impregnated humus, laying it in a layer of 3-3.5 cm around the grape bunch in a diameter of 1-1.5 meters. It is desirable to mulch the soil in spring or autumn.

Trimming

Pruning Moldova is carried out annually, in early spring or late autumn, when the vine is at rest. The most active will be fruit bearing a bush with 3-4 sleeves and straightened vertically on the support. Crop the vine is preferable to 7-9 eyes, leaving a total of about 70 eyes on the bush. When forming a bush with a high stem, it is required to cut only 4-6 eyes. It is important not to overload the bush, otherwise the berry will be shallow. To do this, in the spring period, in parallel with the control of the number of shoots, you should monitor the number of clusters forming on them. Variety of grapes Moldova is well restored after pruning and damage.

Pinching and breaking

In addition to pruning, it is necessary to remove weak and sprout shoots by breaking them off, which occurs after the appearance of the antennae and inflorescences, until the time of shoot stubbing at the base. Oblomination begins from the bottom, then follows a gradual transition to the sleeve of the bush. For the subsequent renovation of the plant, it is recommended to leave some of the strong shoots.

For a couple of days before flowering, it is recommended to pinch (remove the tips of the green shoot), not allowing the grapes to stretch out into length. This operation is aimed at redirecting the nutritional flow to the inflorescences.

Feeding of the grape bush can be produced by mineral and potash-phosphoric fertilizers, which are introduced into the ground when it is digested.

2-3 weeks before the ripening of fragrant bunches, the leaves covering them should be pinched. This will ensure faster pouring of berries and increase their sugar content. With each bunch, it is recommended to remove no more than 5 leaves to avoid disturbance of the nutritional process.

Vinograd Moldova, whose care is painstaking and troublesome, provided the correct application of agrotechnical measures is fully appreciated by the consumer with a high-quality and delicious harvest.