Union words: what is this? Allied words in Russian

Allied words are pronominal words that serve, along with unions, as a means of expressing subordination in a complex sentence, and act, in contrast to unions, as a member of a subordinate clause. As allied words can be interrogative and relative pronouns that have forms of word change (pronouns-nouns, pronouns-numerals, pronouns-adjectives) and unchanged pronouns (pronouns-adverbs).

Union words: what is this? Morphological characteristics

Grammar in the Russian language uniquely identifies those words that can be used as union words. Consider the first definition, which fixes a closed list of allied words and distinguishes their syntactic and morphological features. So, as union words can be used exclusively interrogative pronouns. These include:

• Pronominal adverbs (where, where, when, how much, from where, how, why, why, why);
• Pronominal adjectives (which, which, what, which, whose, which);
• Pronouns-nouns (what, who);
• Pronominal number (how many).

In addition, allied words are pronominal words, which simultaneously possess the properties of the significant (independent) and official part of speech.

According to the ability to change word allied words are divided into two types: mutable and unchangeable. The first include the words what, how many, whose, which, which, which, what, who, and to the second all without exception pronominal adverbs. That is why - the union word that does not change. But what is a short adjective, which is variable in numbers and genera. What, who, how many - pronouns that are leaning only on cases. The remaining mutable allied words can be reduced by case, number, gender.

Syntactic functions of the union word

Allied words in Russian can perform the following roles in the sentence:

• Subject. Some thermometers show thirty-three degrees, but there are those that show thirty-six degrees. He stood outside the door, listening to everything that was happening there.
• Predicate. According to these signs, we determined what kind of lighthouse we have. He wondered who that old man was.
• Addition. He sat on the windowsill and listened to what the soldier was saying. The earth, which was mentioned in the letter - is the Northern Earth.
• Definition. I wrote on the first page what books I should read.
• Circumstance of the place. She glanced at the window, behind which the weather changed almost every minute. He immediately began to think about where to change it.
• Circumstance of the place. He huddled in a corner, listened attentively, waiting for him to go home.
• Circumstance of the mode of action. The girl explained how to find the way.
• Circumstance of measure and degree. Now you can clearly see how truthful testimony was given to him by his embarrassed feelings.
• Cause of the reason. He was afraid that his grandmother would understand why all the relatives around her had gathered.
• The circumstances of the goal. He understood why the old books were collected here.

The difference between alliances and allied words

In addition to union words, in a complex sentence the main and subordinate part can be associated with alliances. The union is part of the speech, which is not a member of the proposal. From alliances, allied words differ in that:

• These words are members of the sentence (they did not take their eyes off the path, which leads to the forest);
• Allied words are members of a subordinate clause, so they can not be discarded without changing the meaning (it is impossible to say: "They did not take their eyes off the path leading to the forest");
• The logical words can fall on union words (we know what it will do tomorrow);
• After allied words you can use the particles exactly, (we know what it will do tomorrow, we know what it will do tomorrow);
• Union words can be replaced by demonstrative pronouns and pronominal adverbs (we know what it will do tomorrow, we know: it will do it tomorrow).

The main thing is to remember that individually these techniques do not always help to recognize the union and the union word. Since all the signs rely only on the external expression of important internal differences, no single attribute can be attributed to universal. Only with the combined use of these criteria or in different combinations can we determine that the main part is attached by the subordinate - union or union word.

Subjunctive unions and union words

These connecting words combine the subordinate and the main sentences, while the union, acting as the official part of speech, does not appear as a member of the subordinate clause, but the union word, speaking as a significant part of speech, is. In turn, the union word can be both the main and secondary member of the proposal. At the same time, it is impossible to identify the meaning of the subordinate clause and the role of the union word in it. Such a mistake is quite common. Therefore, it is necessary to put the right question from the main sentence to the subordinate clause. And when the role of the union word is determined, the question should be put directly in the sentence itself from words or phrases to which the subordinate union words refer. Examples:

This is the house in which we used to live.

This is a house that was built this year.

This is a house that was built in the twentieth century.

In some cases, allied words and alliances may overlap. To these bundles include four words, which can be alliances or allied words. Namely: what, when, how, what.

But it is worthwhile to know that a union word like that, like allied words whose, how many, which, why, who, where, why, where, where, under what conditions can not be unions.

The union word is that

A word that is a union word if it acts as a member of a sentence:

• (The book that I was given yesterday was incredibly interesting);
• An adverbative pronominal-definitive (I love everything in the world, that clothes the soul in the flesh);
• (We do not know what will happen to us);
• Subordinate concessionary (that she does not tell, for all her answer);
• An additional connection (the player works great, which can not not please me).

In such sentences, the word is a relative pronoun.

Allied word when

When it can be attributed to allied words, if it is used as a connected word in the sentence:

• Subordinate determinative (do you remember the time when we met in the garden?);
• (Anna took my news calmly and only asked what would happen next);
• Subordinate time (she woke up when it was all light).

Allied word as

The word as it is possible to carry to allied words if it costs in the offer:

• (Many expressed their opinions on how best to accomplish this task);
• Subordinate mode of action (I can not tell about the life of the artist as she will);
• The subordinate degree (it became as warm as it is only in the summer);
• Subordinate concessionary (no matter how entertaining this computer game, visiting the theater is much more interesting).

Allied word than

What will be the union word, if it is a member of such proposals:

• An adverbative pronominal-determining (Ivan, than she is dissatisfied, I am satisfied with everything opposite);
• (As you think, how will this film end?);
• (She was a good, honest, clean man, who loved him, and he admired him).