The device is a backlash-closet. Toilet in a private house with a cesspool

If you often rest in your country house, then you probably can not imagine its territory without the presence of a toilet, whether it is in a special house on the street or in the house. This part is an indispensable attribute of a comfortable stay in a country house. The most common for such conditions is the version of the latrine, which is equipped with a cesspool of different volume, depending on the number of daily incoming wastewater. Toilets on the street can be conditionally divided into those that have a cesspool, and those that are deprived of it. The latter are called biotoilets and provide for rather expensive installation and maintenance. It will be cheaper to equip a bathroom with a sewage sump. However, there are cases when you can not do without a bio-toilet.

The impossibility of settling a cesspool

Sometimes a toilet for cottages with a pit is not suitable. At the same time, groundwater can be located rather high, soils on the site may be limestone or shale. In addition, the device cesspit is impossible, when the house is a fairly large number of people. If you decide to do the installation of a backlash-closet, you should know that it is a combination of a cesspool and a bathroom. If this arrangement is desired, periodic cleaning of the pit should be provided with the help of a sewage machine. If this is not possible, then it will be impossible to arrange a cesspool.

The device of a backlash-cupboard with a pit without a bottom

If you feel the need for a backyard closet on a country house site, you should remember that such structures can be arranged in two ways. The first of these involves the excavation of an ordinary cesspool, while the second involves the creation of a system in which wastewater will accumulate . The simplest version is a pit without a bottom, but it can be used when the daily amount of sewage from the house does not exceed 1 m ³ . When carrying out the work, you must follow the sanitary norms, which state that the cesspool is located below the level of the drinking water intake, which excludes the penetration of contaminated water into the drinking well. If clay soil predominates in the territory, the distance between the pit and the drinking well should be 20 m or more. For loamy soils, this parameter increases to 30 m. Sandy loam and sandy soils provide for the mutual arrangement of the above-mentioned elements not closer than 50 m to each other. If the household daily drops more than 1 m ^{3 of} wastewater, it should abandon the cesspool without a bottom, replacing it with a construction of metal, concrete or brick.

Features of heated backlash-closet

The loft-closet has a seat with a receiving funnel and a fan pipe. The cesspool is supplied with a hood, which has the second name - the backlash channel. There is also a special traction in the system, which is made up of a chimney pipe, which runs next to the backlash-closet. The loft channel inside contains a column of air heated by a heat source. The spread of odors is precluded by incentive traction. If there is no heat source in the bottom of the chimney, a 15 W heating device should be installed. When constructing such a structure, the end of the sewage pipe should be lowered 2 m below the ventilation opening of the backlash channel. Sewage pipes for the system are made of a variety of materials, namely asbestos-cement, cast iron, etc. The sewage pipe is placed in the overlapping of the cesspool and is sealed as tightly as possible. Before this, the walls of the cesspool should be covered with cement mortar, and then zazheznit. Outside, a castle made of crushed clay is installed. Its thickness should be 3 cm. The cellar overlay should be insulated with a soil backfill. In the outer part of the floor there is a cleaning hatch with a pair of lids, which should be insulated with slag or peat. The backlash-closet device provides the following dimensions of the backlash channel: 130x130 mm. The upper part of the backlash, which is covered with a fluke, is located above the chimney by 0.5 m.

Features of a sealed pit

The backlash-closet device can be implemented on the basis of a sealed pit. The bottom should be equipped with a slope towards the technological hatch. From the fence of the site and the house such a pit must be removed by 1 m and 10 m, respectively. It should be periodically cleaned, which is possible with the help of a sewage machine.

Advice of a professional

When installing the backlash, remember that the pit should not be deeper than 3 m. Otherwise, it will not be emptied due to the limited length of the hose of the machine. All silt will be at the bottom, and it will be impossible to reach it. In order to avoid the accumulation of explosive gas in the tank, ventilation should be equipped. The pipe for this should be 10 cm in diameter, while its height above the surface should be 60 cm.

Self-construction of a toilet with a pit

If you decide to equip the toilet in a private house, you should remember that it is cleaned after filling the pit by 2/3 of the depth. Such work can be done not only by machine, but also by hand. Sometimes the object is preserved, the pit is filled with soil, and then a new place for the toilet is searched. With a fairly impressive area of the site, the option of conservation and further transfer of the object can be considered expedient. If the site is small, then pumping out cesspools is carried out. To begin construction work is necessary with the excavation of a pit, the depth of which is 2 m or more. According to its form, it is a square, the sides of which are equal to 1 m. The master must exclude soil shedding, for this purpose reinforced concrete boards are fixed on the walls, stone or brick is laid. The bottom must be made sealed, for this it is poured with a concrete screed or filled with rubble, which will provide drainage. Sometimes it happens that the toilet (loft-closet) becomes the cause of pollution of groundwater. If you want to exclude such a possibility, the walls and the bottom should be sealed with waterproof sealant or materials of similar action.

Arrangement of the above-ground part of the toilet

If the toilet is located outside the house, a protective structure should be placed on top of the cesspool. The rectangular frame is fixed on a columnar foundation, and bricks or blocks are placed under each corner of the wooden box. It is important to provide waterproofing with a roofing felt, which is located between the wooden frame and the foundation. The technology of further works will be the same for a detached house and a toilet within a private house. Interior partitions or frame beams are treated with a primer mix and painted. The coating will protect the material from premature decay. All is fastened together, and then installed on foundation pillars. In addition, it is necessary to fix vertically standing posts in an amount of 4 pieces, using bolts and metal plates. When the backlash-closet is performed by one's own hands, it is important to set the partitions or the frame vertically with the help of a building level. At the next stage, you can start installing racks for hanging doors. For the construction of the roof installed beams, they should protrude a little along the perimeter of the edges of the structure.

Causes of malfunctioning

The defect on the backlash-closet is made by specialists, but you can determine the reasons for the failure of the system yourself. Malfunctions can result in siltation of the bottom, contamination of walls with difficult fractions in the form of fat deposits, which is important for brick structures. In this case, an unpleasant odor may appear, and the discharge pit will quickly fill up. If the toilet in the private house began to malfunction, then you can check if the bottom silt has occurred. In this case, it is necessary to call a sewage machine, fill the pit with water to dilute silt deposits, and then apply biological products.

The appearance of odor and wall contamination

Biological preparations are one of the most effective means, which is used for maintenance of cesspools. In the composition there are microorganisms that use substances that clog the cesspool as food. The result of the action of such biopreparations is cleaning the cesspool, releasing the internal surfaces of the pipes from impurities, reducing the level of contamination, preventing siltation, and restoring the efficiency of the drainage system.

Cleaning the cesspool

The frequency with which the cesspools are pumped out has been mentioned above. But, in addition to this, it is important to know what technology the work data is produced. Self-pumping can be done with a pump, this requires a liquid tank that tightly closes and has sufficient capacity. It is important to know that the pump must have a special filter, since without it the equipment will quickly be clogged. People who permanently reside in the house should better buy a quality pump for cesspools. In the absence of a pump to a conventional bucket, you should tie the rope, lower it and begin to scoop the sewage. The waste is poured into the tank, but this technology is unlikely to remove all drains. Therefore it is better to use a special pump. The impurities that have been drained out with it will have to be disposed of. The filtered water is poured out or disposed of together with the drains. The tank is cleaned by a water pump, which pumps water under pressure. This will exclude stone growths on the walls. After thorough cleaning of sewer pipes.

Conclusion

When pumping out cesspools, it sometimes happens that defects form in the walls. If the pit is made of bricks, the wall is dug out at the right place, and foundation blocks of concrete are installed there. If there is a cesspool, which is a polyethylene container, a barrel or car tires, the manipulator services will be needed. Repair the system of concrete rings is unlikely to work. Due to the fact that concrete can not be fixed on the walls of a reinforced concrete structure, which is impregnated with fatty waste.