Sinus arrhythmia

Arrhythmia is a violation of the rhythm of contractions of the heart. It contributes to the development of the disease, the disturbed formation of the electric pulse of the sinus node or its spread in the conduction system of the heart, accompanied by atypical drivers of the heart rhythm, which are located outside the sinus node.

Sinus arrhythmia is caused by congenital disorders of the conduction system of the heart, organic changes in the cardiac muscle as a result of diseases (myocarditis, cardiosclerosis), as well as hormonal disorders (thyrotoxicosis), functional disorders and a drop in the level of potassium in the blood, toxic (in case of overdose) effects of medications.

The norm of the sinus rhythm is sixty-eighty heart beats per minute.

Sinus arrhythmia is divided into tachyarrhythmia, bradyarrhythmia and extrasystole.

Sinus tachyarrhythmia occurs in the case of a rapid heart rate, which has more than eighty cardiac contractions per minute. The pulse becomes more frequent in case of anxiety, agitation, stress, with physical activity. This is normal.

Tachyarrhythmia occurs when the palpitations are observed at rest. This state of the body signals a disease. It is necessary to accurately determine the cause of the rapid pulse, and then apply the treatment. The most common cause of tachyametry are problems with the thyroid gland, diseases of the autonomic nervous system, circulatory disorders.

Symptomatics includes a pulse rate of over eighty beats per minute (tachycardia) and a feeling of how the heart beats. The danger is that the heart at intensive work does not have enough time to fill up with blood, therefore the blood pressure decreases and the blood supply of organs and tissues worsens. As a result, coronary heart disease and even a heart attack may develop.

The second sinus arrhythmia - bradyarrhythmia - occurs at a reduced heart rate (less than sixty beats per minute).

The prerequisites for the occurrence are endocrine disorders, coronary heart disease, myocarditis, sclerotic changes in the myocardium, prolonged fasting, sinus node weakness syndrome.

Signs of bradyarrhythmia are a weakened pulse in a calm state (bradycardia), as well as weakness, dizziness, pain in the heart, fainting.

The development of the disease contributes to the violation of blood circulation and hypoxia of the brain. Cardiac arrest and fainting can cause a weakened pulse up to forty beats per minute.

Extrasystole is a sinus arrhythmia, in which the heart muscle or a separate part of it (atrium, ventricle) contract prematurely. The cause of the development of the disease is, in most cases, psycho-emotional overload, electrolyte imbalance (potassium deficiency), excessive consumption of tea and coffee, smoking.

With the normalization of nutrition, lifestyle and rejection of bad habits, the symptoms of the disease are inferior.

Another cause of extrasystole is myocardial damage caused by cardiosclerosis, myocardial dystrophy, ischemic heart disease.

Sinus extrasystole manifests itself in heart fading, interruptions in his work or unexpected heart beats, a recurring feeling of anxiety, a sense of lack of air.

Cardiac output is reduced as a result of frequent extrasystoles. As a consequence, blood flow in the brain, kidney and coronary arteries decreases, angina attacks occur, and cerebral circulation is impaired.

Sinus arrhythmia: treatment

If at the heart of arrhythmia are functional disorders, then medication is not required. Proper nutrition, ordering the working day and the rhythm of life helps to eliminate arrhythmias. Often the doctor recommends taking light sedatives with a plant foundation.

Sinus arrhythmia, which developed against the background of diseases of internal organs, is treated with medical preparations. Sometimes cardiac pacemakers and surgery are used.