Russian literature of the 20th century, the period of formation, the main representatives

The history of Russian literature of the 20th century begins in 1881. The transition period between the centuries is considered to be its "silver age" (during the continuation of Pushkin's "golden age"). The reforms of the early 20th century, the clash of different cultures and life styles, could not but affect the mood of the creative intelligentsia. Many authors are no longer satisfied with the description and analysis of social problems, most writers begin to think about the eternal questions of life and death, the existence of good and evil. A significant influence on the culture of these times was rendered by religion, the religious theme becomes one of the fundamental themes of the works of many writers. Russian literature of the 20th century develops under new historical conditions, which can not but affect it. The creative intelligentsia of this time understands that the coming changes in the life of the country, and hence in their life, are inevitable. Some are waiting for them with joy and hope, others - with trepidation and horror, which is transmitted to the reader at the time of reading their works.

The revolution of 1917 divides all Russian literature of those years into two camps: "proletarian" literature and the work of Russian emigrants. A bright representative of the latter is Vladimir Nabokov, in most of his works there is a clear trace of homesickness.

Russian literature of the 20th century gave our country and the world as a whole a large number of geniuses of the word. This applies primarily to poetry. The poets of the Silver Age include Nikolai Gumilev, Maximilian Voloshin, Anna Akhmatova, Sergei Yesenin, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Alexander Blok, etc. The first representatives of Soviet literature include Yesenin and Mayakovsky. The founder of the so-called anti-Soviet literature is Alexander Blok, who wrote the epic "Twelve" in those years.

Russian literature of the 20th century is represented by three main directions: realism, literary avant-garde and modernism, each of which is further subdivided into several directions. Thus, modernism laid the foundation for the development of acmeism and symbolism. Bright representatives of the latter were: Valery Bryusov, Konstantin Balmont, Dmitry Merezhkovsky, Andrei Bely, Alexander Blok. The founders of Russian literary acmeism are Anna Akhmatova, Osip Mandelstam, Nikolai Gumilev.

One of the most interesting areas of literary art in the first decades of the 20th century is the revival of half-forgotten romantic forms. The work of Alexander Green strikes the imagination with an endless flight of fantasy and dreaminess. The work of the revolutionary workers' poets is written in the vein of a special, new romanticism of the proletariat. Poets Nechaev, Privalov, Tarasov in their fables, appeals and marches poetic heroic deed, adding in them bright colors describing the glow, fires, sunset, crimson dawn.

With the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War, many Soviet writers appeared on the battlefields. The works of this period of time were written in a sparkling language, their main idea was the struggle against fascism. It is worth noting the patriotic poems of Akhmatova, Tvardovsky, Tikhonov. During the war, writers increasingly turn to the most operative genre of literature: essays, stories, reports and pamphlets.

Russian literature of the second half of the 20th century is represented by several genres, the formation of which was greatly influenced by: Stalinism, the "thaw", stagnation, perestroika. Literature of Russia has experienced a huge number of difficulties on its way, at times experiencing state custody, at times being almost completely under its ban. Today Russian literature of the 20th century is recognized all over the world, the works of Soviet authors are read far abroad, they are removed by feature films, put on plays in theaters. A man who has never read the works of Solzhenitsyn, Sholokhov, Bulgakov in his life has truly lost a lot ...