A Brief History of Russian Literature

Every nation or nation, country or locality has its own cultural history. A large segment of cultural traditions and monuments is literature - the art of the word. It reflects the way of life and life of any people, by which you can understand what these people lived in the past centuries and even millennia. Therefore, probably, scientists consider literature an important monument of history and culture.

History of Russian Literature

Not an exception, but rather, the confirmation of the foregoing - the Russian people. The history of Russian literature has a long history. More than a thousand years have passed since the appearance of writing in Russia . Researchers and scientists of many countries study it as a phenomenon and the brightest example of verbal creativity - the people's and the author's. Some foreigners even specifically study the Russian language, and in fact it is considered not the easiest in the world!

Periodization

Traditionally, the history of Russian literature is divided into several main periods. Some of them are quite extended in time. Some are more concise. Let's consider them in more detail.

The preliterary period

Before the adoption of Christianity (Olga in 957, Vladimir in 988) in Russia there was no written language. As a rule, if necessary, Greek, Latin, Hebrew was used. More precisely, it was, even in times of paganism, but in the form of dashes or incisions on wooden tags or sticks (it was called: features, cuts), but there were no literary monuments on it. Works (fairy tales, songs, epics - mostly) were transmitted orally.

Old Russian

This period passed from the 11th to the 17th century - quite a long time. The history of Russian literature of this period includes religious and secular (historical) texts of the Kiev, and then - Moscow Rus. Bright examples of literary creativity: "The Life of Boris and Gleb", "The Tale of Bygone Years" (11-12th centuries), "The Lay of Igor's Host", "The Tale of the Battle of Mamayev", "Zadonshchina" - describing the yoke period, and many others.

18 century

This period is called "Russian enlightenment" by historians. The basis of classical poetry and prose is laid by such great creators and enlighteners as Lomonosov, Fonvizin, Derzhavin and Karamzin. As a rule, their work is multifaceted, and is not limited to one literature, but extends to science and other arts. The literary language of this period is a bit complicated for perception, because it uses obsolete forms of circulation. But this does not interfere with perceiving the images and thoughts of the great enlighteners of their time. So Lomonosov constantly strived to reform the language of literature, make it the language of philosophy and science, advocated the rapprochement of literary and folk language forms.

The history of Russian literature of the 19th century

This period in the literature of Russia is the "golden age". At this time, literature, history, Russian language are entering the world arena. All this happened, thanks to the reformist genius of Pushkin, who actually introduced into the literary usage that Russian language, as we are accustomed to perceive it. Griboedov and Lermontov, Gogol and Turgenev, Tolstoy and Chekhov, Dostoevsky and many other writers composed this golden clip. And the literary works created by them, have always been included in the classics of world word art.

silver Age

This period is rather short-lived - just from 1890 to 1921. But in this turbulent time of wars and revolutions there is a powerful flowering of Russian poetry, bold experiments in art in general arise. Blok and Bryusov, Gumilyov and Akhmatova, Tsvetaeva and Mayakovsky, Yesenin and Gorky, Bunin and Kuprin are the most prominent representatives.

The Soviet era and modern times

The time of the disintegration of the USSR, the year 1991 is the end of the Soviet period. And from 1991 to our days - the newest period, which has already given Russian literature new interesting works, but this is more accurately judged by the descendants.