Present Simple. Rules for constructing proposals

For all who begin to learn English, it is very important to study the time such as Present Simple. His rules are very simple, but often they remain incomprehensible. And then the problems begin: something is not clear, something is forgotten, and something stubbornly does not want to fit into the system of language built in the head. Let's try to correct this annoying misunderstanding.

Before we speak, in fact, about time, we need to introduce some concepts, without which we will not be able to understand and remember anything.

All sentences of any language are conditionally divided into three types: affirmative, interrogative and negative. Example: affirmative - "Mother fed her daughter porridge". Interrogative: "Where are my mittens?". Negative: "I will not go to school." This separation is very important for us - with its help we will derive the basic rules of Present Simple.

It is worth mentioning such a kind of verbs as auxiliary ones. They help the semantic to form an interrogative or affirmative sentence, but in themselves do not mean anything. Auxiliary in English are, do, do, shall, did, will, etc.

With respect to their use in Present Simple, the rules are simple: at this time, the auxiliary verbs of the present indefinite time do or do are used. The first - if there are 1 and 2 persons in the sentence of the pronouns of the singular and plural, as well as the pronouns 3 persons of the plural (I, we, you, they). The second - for pronouns 3 persons singular (he, she, it).

So, what is "Present Simple" in general? This is the time that indicates the uncertainty in time or the repeatability of some action, on a fact that is true in general or for the present. For example: "I love apples", "Water in the salt sea", etc.

How to create a Present Simple? The rules will be conveniently presented in the form of a scheme for each of the types of proposals.

The affirmative is formed as follows: in the first place, the subject of the action is the subject (the nouns and pronouns are the subject most often), the second is the main (semantic) verb (which has any meaning-run, laugh, draw, cry, etc.) . If the subject can be replaced by a singular pronoun of 3 persons, then the ending -s or -es should be added to the verb. This detail is often forgotten, which generates a lot of mistakes.

To form an interrogative sentence in Present Simple, the rule will look like this: in the first place is a question word (if the question is not general).

Otherwise, the auxiliary verb of the present indefinite time - do or does - should be in the first place. In the second place - the subject, on the third - the main (in other words, the semantic) verb without adding the ending -s or -es.

Negative proposal should be formed according to the following scheme. The first place is required to put the subject, the second - the auxiliary verb, the third - a part not, the fourth - the semantic (or main) verb, but without the ending -s or -es.

As you can see, in the Present Simple rules are fairly simple and understandable. The main thing is to realize and assimilate them, and not just to learn them. Many students simply learn the schemes, not knowing how to apply them. There is absolutely no benefit to this. Do not make such mistakes! More attention, diligence and diligence - and you will succeed! Good luck to you!