Preparations for migraine are triptans. Method of application and features of the action

Migraine is one of the most common diseases, which can reduce the capacity for work in many patients. This disease affects about 6% of men and 18% of women. These figures are large enough. At the same time, 60% of people who suffer from this disease, independently take various analgesics to eliminate pain. As a rule, such actions only aggravate the course of the disease.

Tell analgesics there

Many people who suffer from migraines do not know how to stop attacks, and too late take painkillers. From such therapy of effect is very small. Or he is completely absent. This leads to the fact that the patient begins to gradually increase the dosage of medications taken. As a result, such actions only increase the risk of kidney damage, the development of gastritis. In some cases, taking analgesics can lead to more serious complications - the emergence of drug-induced headaches.

That's why if you have any migraine symptoms, you should contact a specialist. Self-medication in this case can only exacerbate the patient's condition. At the end of the 19th century, a completely new group of antimigraine drugs - selective agonists of 5 HT 18 / D receptors - was created. Such substances are derivatives of 5-hydroxytritamine. Their abbreviated name is triptanites. Preparations for migraine of this generation are much more effective than conventional analgesics. In addition, such funds have become more accessible for all categories of patients.

How drugs work

Triptans are the most modern means for treating such an unpleasant ailment as migraine. It is believed that all such drugs work in the same way. However, only a few of the tremendous amounts of triptans help one patient. Consequently, the final choice of such a drug remains exclusively for the patient. To determine the effectiveness of a particular tryptane, it is necessary to test the drug during migraine attacks. At least three of them must pass. If the drug has helped, then it can be used in the future. Of course, the choice can greatly affect the cost of triptan. After all, these drugs are expensive. In addition, each drug has a certain analgesic effect. In addition, it is worthwhile to know what tryptans are from migraine, the feature of the action, the methods of their administration and contraindications.

First of all, such drugs affect the receptors of the walls of blood vessels. As a result, it causes a narrowing of the enlarged cerebral vessels, and also helps to reduce the headache.

These drugs have a fairly high selectivity. That is why tryptans have an effect on the vessels of the hard shell of the brain. This is one of their features. In this case, they do not affect the peripheral and coronary vessels. It should be noted that triptans are medications for migraine, which block the occurrence of pain at the level of receptors located in the spinal cord of the trigeminal nerve. This significantly reduces the sensitivity to pain.

In addition, such drugs can reduce the frequency of recurrence of the disease, as well as more effectively eliminate the attendant symptoms, for example, sound and photophobia, vomiting and nausea.

Triptane action directions

To understand how these drugs work, it is worth highlighting the main:

1. Narrowing of vessels located in the brain.
2. Anti-inflammatory action: reduction of edema, which presses on nerve endings.
3. Oppression of an excited trigeminal nerve and a decrease in its pain sensitivity.

As you can see, tryptans from migraine are the most effective drugs that can stop attacks of ailment. The main thing is to choose the right medicine

Advantages and disadvantages of triptans

Among the advantages of such drugs is an effective elimination of pain and accompanying symptoms, speed of action. In addition, tryptans can be used to treat the disease in different age categories.

Of course, any drug has drawbacks. Tryptans from migraine and headache help tremendously . However, the spectrum of actions of such drugs has not been fully studied yet. In addition, not everyone is able to take triptans for their health. It is forbidden to use such drugs for people suffering from ischemic heart disease. This category includes those who have thrombi and malignant hypertension.

First generation

Preparations for migraine - triptans - are conditionally divided into several groups. This is the first and second generation. Each drug has its own advantages and disadvantages. Thus, Sumatriptan belongs to the first generation. This is the very first drug. It is almost completely studied and is a kind of standard in the treatment of migraine. In clinical trials, 60 thousand people took part. The drug was first discovered by GlaxoSmithKline in 1989.

Basically, "Sumatriptan" is realized in the form of conventional tablets, coated with a coating, and a spray. Each of them acts in the same way. The maximum effect after taking the tablets comes after two and a half hours, and the spray - after 90 minutes.

The second generation

Triptans - preparations for migraine, related to this group - are numerous. In addition, they are not sufficiently studied. They are released in the form of tablets. The most effective are:

1. "Natryptan" - the effect is observed already an hour after administration. Painful sensations are reduced. The maximum effect comes after a few hours.
2. "Frovatripan" - this drug is slightly weaker, but with its reception less unpleasant side effects.
3. "Zolmitriptan" - is effective after 15 minutes after administration. The maximum effect is achieved in about an hour. This drug works well at the peak of an attack.
4. "Rizatriptan" - is similar to the drug of the first generation, but has a more pronounced effect.
5. Almotriptan - this drug surpasses Sumatriptan several times in effectiveness. The maximum effect is achieved after 1.5 hours.
6. "Relpax" - this drug is more inventive in terms of effects on the vessels of the brain. Although the characteristics are very similar to Sumatriptan.

Preparations for migraine (triptans): price and recommendations for admission

To make it more clear, what medicines exist, let's give a table:

Reception Features

So, how best to take triptans from migraine and headache? The instruction in this case will help to determine the dosage and time of reception. The main thing is to remember that when pain occurs, which gradually builds up and does not have a migraine character, it makes no sense to take preparations of this kind. In this case, you should take a nonspecific analgesic. It is very important. Usually, tryptans should be taken after the end of the aura or no later than two hours after the onset of unpleasant sensations. In addition, when a migraine occurs, tryptane can be used with other drugs, for example, metoclopramide or domperidone.

As for the sprays, they should be used for sufficiently pronounced attacks of nausea and, of course, vomiting. To eliminate the migraine status, you can take Imigran. Tryptanites can be prescribed not only when the disease develops, but also during periods between attacks for prevention purposes. This is allowed in cases where:

1. The quality of life of the patient has greatly worsened.
2. NSAIDs are very difficult to treat.
3. Migraine attacks occur more often than twice in 30 days.

How to deal with a headache correctly

To eliminate the attack of migraine, you must first try to take 1000 milligrams of acetylsalicylic acid, a sweet drink containing caffeine, or 10 milligrams of the drug "Motilium." If after 45 minutes the headache does not disappear, then you can use tryptane.

It is worth noting that in those situations where during the three seizures non-specific analgesic did not give the desired result, you can immediately take a remedy for migraines. If an aura has arisen, then aspirin should be consumed only after its onset, and after the onset of pain - preparations for migraine (triptans).

What if the pain returned?

Approximately 50% of patients experience a headache return within a few days. Specialists recommend in this situation again to take medications for migraines - triptans. In this case, it is worth remembering the maximum daily dose of the medication. Take the drug is not earlier than two hours after the first pill. If the headache can be tolerated, the patient can replace triptane with a nonspecific analgesic.

It is worth noting that the return of unpleasant sensations is often observed in patients with sufficiently long attacks, which can last without taking an anesthetic for more than 24 hours. Even with the reception of any tryptane, the frequency of such phenomena remains practically the same. However, experts believe that the use of "eletriptan" and "Naratriptan" helps reduce the number of new attacks.

If there is no result

There are situations when medications for migraine (triptans) and nonspecific analgesics do not give the desired result and do not eliminate pain. In this case, the doctor can prescribe a comprehensive therapy, which includes the use of anticonvulsant drugs, as well as B-blockers. These drugs include "Nadolol", "Acebutalol", "Penutolol", "Labetanol", "Betaxolol" and others.

Side effects of triptans

Such drugs can be taken only 10 days a month. Otherwise, there may be some problems. More frequent use of triptans can lead to the development of a headache that occurs when taking a drug. In addition, drugs of this type have side effects, among which:

1. Feeling of heat and stiffness in the limbs, drowsiness, asthenia, dizziness, impaired sensation.
2. Stomach or spleen infarction, ischemic colitis, hemorrhagic diarrhea, dry mouth, abdominal pain and nausea.
3. Myalgia and muscle weakness.
4. Spasm of the coronary vessels, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, tachycardia, palpitations.
5. Polyuria and frequent urination.
6. Anaphylactic shock, Quincke's edema, hives.

Despite all this, tryptans from migraine are a quick-acting medicine. If you take the drugs strictly according to the instructions, then there will be no problems. The only notable shortage of such medications is cost. Not everyone can afford to buy such a drug.