Polish industry: a brief description of key industries

Even in primitive times the Poles began to engage in pottery, weaving, yarn and farming. During the Middle Ages, craftsmen produced manually manufactured products themselves. Only after the separation of craft from agriculture did industry become a separate industry. In the nineteenth century, the machine industry was replaced by the manufactory in the country. Since that time, Poland's major industrial centers, such as Wroclaw, Gdansk, Warsaw, Poznan, Lodz and others, have begun to play a crucial role for the local economy.

general characteristics

In the years of socialism, machine building, metallurgy, power engineering and light industry were the most active in the country. After Poland's transition to a market economy in 1991, there was a significant deterioration in the lives of workers employed in these industries. The crisis in the state lasted until its leadership failed to reorient production to the Middle East and West European markets. As a result, these days the country has become one of the European leaders in terms of economic opportunities.

– это металлообработка, металлургия, машиностроение, судостроение. Now the main industries of Poland are metalworking, metallurgy, engineering, shipbuilding. In addition to them, the textile, chemical, food and pharmacological sectors are also well developed. The majority of the subjects of the economy are privately owned.

Location of enterprises

по её территории является довольно равномерным. The location of Polish industries across its territory is fairly even. Concentration of enterprises of any one direction is inherent only in some regions. The largest industrial area can be called here Katowice Voivodeship, in which every fifth Pole employed in the industry works. Here there are large factories of machine-building, chemical and metallurgical spheres. The center of shipbuilding is Szczecin and Gdansk - the cities located on the Baltic coast. сконцентрирована в районе Ченстохова, Лодзи и Бельско-Бялы. The textile industry in Poland is concentrated in the area of Czestochowa, Lodz and Bielsko-Biała. The capital of the country and its environs are mainly located enterprises that specialize in the production of electrical products. In Warsaw, Lublin, Poznan and Płońsk, car production has been set up, and in Wroclaw, Poznan and Zielona Góra passenger and freight cars. In more detail, we will discuss key industries.

Mechanical engineering

The largest branch of Polish industry is machine building. In the country in large volumes, transport, agricultural, industrial and construction equipment are produced. In the production of fishing vessels, construction and road machinery, railway wagons, helicopters and television sets, the state is one of the European leaders. The average annual cost of manufactured machine-building products is more than $ 70 billion. . On the rise now is the automotive industry in Poland . More than 700,000 cars and trucks pass annually from the conveyors of factories of well-known manufacturers that have located their enterprises on the territory of the country.

Light industry

In the sphere of light industry, the textile industry has traditionally held the leading position for a long time. In the vicinity of the city of Lodz are its largest companies. Here, a variety of types of fabrics and yarns are produced. A significant part of this production is realized in the future by Polish companies specializing in the manufacture of knitted fabrics and tailoring of ready-made garments.

Food industry

Almost every major city in the country has a business that produces food, tobacco or drinks. It should be noted that the Polish food industry has a significant share in the structure of the state economy, reaching 20%. Today its most promising are its meat-processing, dairy, fruit-and-vegetable and confectionary sectors. Demand for products of local enterprises in this industry is increasing only annually. Highly developed countries account for about 80% of all exported local food products, which indicates their high quality.

Chemical industry

At a very high level is also the chemical industry in Poland. The country is among the top ten European leaders in terms of the number of products in this industry. The majority of enterprises are located in the territory of the Katowice Voivodeship. They produce sulfuric acid, mineral fertilizers, paints, varnishes, synthetic fibers and many other products. In slightly smaller volumes, when compared with them, automobile tires, synthetic rubber and plastics are produced.

The largest Polish industrial companies

Currently, the country has a large number of enterprises engaged in various fields. Many of them are known all over the world. For example, the pharmacological industry of Poland has a high reputation abroad thanks to the company Polpharma SA, one of the twenty world's best manufacturers of medicines. The company Brilux for twenty years of existence has become one of the most famous on the planet developers and manufacturers of lighting equipment. Zelmer is also very popular, including in our country, which produces household appliances.

Results

Experts argue that the positive economic changes that have occurred in the country over the past fifteen years are related to the reorientation of local enterprises to the export of manufactured goods. In this regard, it is not surprising that all Polish industries are actively developing today. As a result, the country is considered one of the most promising in Europe for economic potential.