Formation of innovative economy: technological preparation of production

The transition to innovation and a fundamental increase in the country's competitiveness are considered today the most important areas of modernization of the national economy. However, it can be argued that the state of the Belarusian society makes innovation an unconditional imperative of development and improvement of all its spheres, and, first of all, such as the design and technological preparation of production.

Technological preparation of production in the context of innovative development is perceived as a distinctive feature of modern progressive development, which means the ability of society to make the necessary changes in all areas of life, the ability to live in the conditions of the continuous course of such changes. However, as some experts note, there is often a substitution of an understanding of innovation, innovation and innovation in general. Most often the reason for this is the misinterpretation or even misunderstanding of the essence of innovation activity and its nature based on market theory, incorrect copying of concepts and categories borrowed from a foreign socioeconomic lexicon, which often causes in practice significant technological losses in production.

Innovation is most often understood as any innovation in a broad sense: from the creation of a new product, to such a complex and complex phenomenon as technological preparation of production. What was previously called the words "innovations", "innovations", are now called "innovations". This is fundamentally incorrect. The whole history of mankind is a constant change, the constant appearance of something new. And the innovative type of development is a qualitatively new stage of social progress, characteristic not only of the particularly high rates of renovation of the economy and other spheres of social life, but also their specific conditioning and orientation, where it is the technological preparation of production that is the main indicator of innovation.

In the specialized literature it is considered that innovation is a category not so much instrumental and technological as economic, social and even personal, but technological preparation of production is the essential dominant of this concept.

An innovative process in the form of an interconnected solution of technological, organizational, social tasks is understood as a holistic and complex problem. In most cases, innovation is presented as a problem of scientific and technical progress associated with the acquisition, implementation and use of scientific developments in practice. Considering that, the modern world is experiencing the state of global technologicalization of all processes - social, political, economic, it seems possible to assert that the technological preparation of production is an independent innovation phenomenon. It has systemic properties: the introduction requires an immediate change not only in the technology of production, but also in the principles of its economic organization.

For a proper understanding of the tasks, it is extremely important to understand that innovation and innovation are inherent in a market economy in one way or another. However, only in the conditions of mass application of information technologies, information and economic software and the globalization developing on their basis, innovations and innovations have become forms of existence and "survival" of economic entities, economic and social systems in competition. The transition to innovative development presupposes a special economic and institutional regime. The main problem is the need to create a specific innovation environment, the elements of which are economic freedom; Absence of bureaucratic barriers and corruption; Competitiveness. Neither the economy, nor science, nor education, can not be innovative in themselves, if for any reason they contain large-scale, objectively useless expenditures of time, effort and resources. Finally, there is a need for a developed civil society, level and quality of life, health and education, stimulating high quality of work and creativity of the worker.

Given the foregoing, the role of the state in the formation of an innovative economy, the stimulation of innovation processes in science, education and other areas of practice that are socially important or profitable, should be as follows.

1. Formation of a civilized market system and its mechanism (competitive environment, purposeful formation or impact on the structure of needs and conditions for their satisfaction).

2. The concentration of attention and resources on the development of competitive priorities of the economy as a whole (first of all, in the areas shaping human capital).

3. Formation of an adequate environment for regulating innovation.

In our conditions, the institutionalization of intellectual property, as well as a decent salary in the sphere of professional creative scientific and educational activities, is of particular importance.