Participle. Example of morphological analysis

One of the most interesting, but at the same time difficult parts of speech in the morphology of our language is considered to be the sacrament. An example of the analysis of this part of speech, as well as its difference from other groups, will be discussed in more detail in this article.

Ambiguous opinion

As is known, linguists still can not agree on what the Communion is. Some tend to believe that this is the most usual independent part of speech. It has a number of its own characteristics that other groups do not have, their own system of declensions and many other distinctive features.

Others consider it a special form of another part of speech - the verb. Communion (an example of words attributable to this group, we will cite in the article below) is still in limbo. Therefore, we will not consider any of the points of view to be erroneous.

Pledge

The mentioned part of the speech has a category of pledge. It is not only in our language, but in many others, for example, in English. The actual participle (examples: thinking, living, singing) is defined as one that transmits the action performed by the actor himself.

So, if we have the word "flying" before us, then we immediately imagine an object that makes a flight. It can be a bird or an airplane - they do it themselves, and therefore we can consider this participle to be valid, that is, without the help of someone committing their own business.

The passive participle is considered to be opposite in meaning (examples: felled, painted, chopped). In this case, in order for the action to come to pass, the help of another person or object is needed.

The embroidered pattern is a passive participle, since the pattern could not have made itself. He was created by the one who picked up a needle and thread.

It is necessary to pay attention that the spelling of this part of the speech will depend on the correctly defined pledge.

Valid

Each of the groups of participles has its own set of special suffixes. The features of word formation are necessarily considered in the course of studying each part of speech.

So, the actual participle (examples: fleeing, hungry, distraught, being) has two groups of suffixes, which depend on the time in which we will use it.

Currently used are the following:

• - - - - shivering
• - yashch - - kip yasch
• - blu - - roar of bluish
• - ysch - - wrestling

Past tense. The sacrament (example: lying) has other suffixes:

• - w - - growing
• - ww - - battlefield

It is not difficult to distinguish them in time. It is necessary to substitute auxiliary words for each participle. If the time is before us, then the word "now" (the burning (now) fire, the darkening (now) sky) will do.

When we see the sacrament in the past tense, we will boldly substitute for him a "yesterday" (crying (yesterday)) child, carrying (yesterday) a bag).

Suffering

This pledge is distinguished by its set of derivational suffixes. Thus, the passive participle (examples: sought, milled) in the present tense is formed with the help of:

• - ohm - - selective
• - I'm - - unforgettable
• - im - - hung by him .

In this case, the first two suffixes ("ohm" and "em") are used only in those participles that were formed from verbs having the first conjugation. "They" write only when the basis was the verb in the second conjugation.

In the past tense, this part of the speech is used with suffixes:

• - enn - - baked
• - nn - - sealed
• - t - - stab

It must be remembered that the past participles (examples are given above) in full form will always have two letters: bring-brought . In short there is only one: the amazed - is struck .

The parse plan

After studying each part of the speech, students, as a rule, begin to analyze it. It is carried out according to a certain plan and is called morphological. It includes features characteristic of a particular group of speech. Consider the scheme of the sacrament.

Example plan:

1. Grammatical significance.

This paragraph should include information about the morphological burden of this part of speech. As a rule, this is a sign of action.

2. Word formation.

Here it is necessary to give an example of a verb that is basic, as well as suffixes indicating time and pledge.

3. Permanent signs.

In this paragraph list those signs that never change:

• Real or passive;
• Perfect or imperfect appearance;
• Time (it is worth remembering that the future of the sacrament is absent).

4. Unstable signs:

• If we have a passive participle before us, it is necessary to indicate the form in which it is used (complete or brief);
• Case;
• Both in full and short forms - genus;
• number.

5. Member of the proposal.

Such a plan of morphological analysis is the most frequently used. Some parse the sacrament on another principle, first singling out the signs of the adjective, and then the verb.

Sample

After the above plan, it is necessary to parse the very participle with examples.

The moon, hiding behind a cloud, lightly illuminated the street .

Let's analyze the word "hiding".

1. Gram.q. - a sign of action.
2. Hide + bush.
3. Permanent signs:

• Real (independent performance of the action by the moon)
• perfect view;
• Hid (when?) Yesterday - past. Wed.

4. Unstable signs:

• Eminent. Case;
• F. Genus;
• Units number.

5. In the sentence, this word is included in a separate definition, which here is expressed by participial turnover. Accordingly, the syntactic role of the word "hiding" is a definition.

In this way, we learned the special features of the sacrament. Now, using this information, there is no difficulty in performing the morphological analysis of the described part of the speech.