Novosibirsk islands on the map. Archipelago

Recently, among Russians, interest in their homeland has been growing. Many prefer to rest inside the country, and this is not only the resorts of the Krasnodar Territory, but also the mountains of the Urals and Altai, the taiga in Siberia, Lake Baikal, etc. And just recently there were fans of traveling to hard-to-reach regions of Russia, for example, in the Arctic North . In this regard, in this article, we will tell the reader about where the Novosibirsk Islands are located, we will acquaint them with their peculiarity and significance for our Motherland. So, let's get started.

Novosibirsk islands on the map

This archipelago is located in the Arctic Ocean. It serves as the boundary between the East Siberian Sea and the Laptev Sea. Administratively belongs to Yakutia. The Novosibirsk islands consist of three groups. The first of these is the southernmost ones - the Lyakhovskys. The spill of D. Laptev they are separated from Eurasia, and the Sannikov Strait - from Anji Island. The boiler-house (the archipelago of the Novosibirsk Islands) and New Siberia form the second group. The last, the third - De Long. They are to the north-east of the Anjou group and are small islands. Everyone can find the Novosibirsk Islands on the map of Russia. Their coordinates are 75 degrees 16 minutes north latitude and 145 degrees 15 minutes east longitude.

Features

The Novosibirsk Islands used to be part of the continent. They lie in the zone of the continental plume. The relief of the islands is flat. The climate is arctic, it is characterized by cold winters, the duration of which is nine months. Summer is very cold, windy. On the archipelago there are large wetlands, a huge number of glacial lakes and small streams, thanks to which a relatively diverse ecosystem was formed in permafrost conditions. Kotelny Island differs from the rest by the fact that here is Bunge Land - a unique sandy Arctic desert. Noteworthy is the fact that earlier (several millennia ago) the climatic conditions on the Novosibirsk Islands were completely different - much softer than modern ones. This is evidenced by the numerous finds of paleontologists: the remains of mammoths, woolly rhinoceroses and ancient horses.

History of the discovery

The archipelago of the Novosibirsk Islands was discovered by the Cossack Ya. Permyakov in 1712 during his expedition from the mouth of the Lena River to the mouth of the Kolyma River. They discovered an island, which today bears the name of Big Lyakhovsky. The subsequent study of the archipelago was carried out by the traveler I. Lyakhov in 1772-1773 and by J. Sannikov in 1805. Almost 16 years later, Peter Anjou (1821-1823 gg.) Described in detail the group of islands of this archipelago, which were subsequently named after him. And in 1879-1891, the American De-Long opened the third group. And already in the twentieth century, several remote islands of this archipelago were discovered.

What is there here?

The Novosibirsk Islands are under the patronage of the Ust-Lensky Reserve. During the Soviet Union there were scientific settlements, but with the collapse of the USSR, they did not remain. Only the polar station functions. Today for those who want to get acquainted with this remote corner of our Motherland, travel companies offer tours to the islands, where you will have the opportunity to explore the archipelago's sights.

Why does not interest in the Arctic fade?

It is a very stable winter, snow lies almost all year round, there are swamps, lakes and rivers. There are minerals: coal, natural gas and others. What can attract a person's view of this harsh land? Once upon a time, the Novosibirsk Islands interested people as the source of the bones of various fossil animals - mostly mammoths. Over more than two hundred years from the archipelago they were exported in tons. According to the recollections of one of the merchants, who was in search of this product on Bolshaya Lyakhovsky, the island consisted of mammoth bones mixed with sand and ice. The tusks were simply thawed out of the ice, with which the archipelago was built.

The attention of modern man to these islands is due to a greater degree of geopolitical situations - in fact the Arctic is part of the strategic plans of the Russian Federation. Now, not only politicians, but also geologists and other scientists are glued to its shelf. This is due to the geopolitical tasks posed - the need for the separation of the shelf. The problem of its division and continental slope includes both ecological, and economic, and political aspects. This is explained by the fact that the expansion of the borders of the countries of the Arctic zone, including the Russian Federation, will make it possible to invest more confidently in the near future in geological exploration for new oil and gas fields.

Research problems

The Novosibirsk islands for Russia are the most remote and inaccessible in any plan: both geologically and geographically. Of course, they can not be called a white spot on the map of our country, but there are areas with white spots there. For example, in the De-Long group there is Jeannette Island - it does not have any geological descriptions. The fact is that he has very steep banks, most likely of volcanic origin - very precipitous. In addition, it does not have a suitable landing site for a helicopter. So while scientists-researchers could not get to it. In August 2012, a scientific expedition was conducted on the archipelago for a grant from the Russian Geographical Society. In particular, zoological studies were carried out on the islands. As a result of the expedition, valuable data on the distribution and species composition of marine mammals were collected. In addition to visual observations, scientists collected samples of biomaterials for subsequent studies in the laboratory. In addition, information was collected on the life cycle of walruses and polar bears living on the Novosibirsk Islands. An important discovery was the meeting with gray whales. This is the first recorded occurrence of these animals in the water area of this archipelago.