Mountains Sudetes: description and photo

The Sudeten mountain range has a thousand-year history. The name is treated differently. Someone maintains the version that Soudeta is the Latin name of the ore, and someone claims that the plural word sudes is "spine ridges." In the book of Ptolemy it is said that the mountains of the Sudeten rose above the forest of Gabret. Just this forest was located in the ancient Sudetenland. After many centuries, these mountains extend all over Europe and attract thousands of tourists and travelers.

Mountains Sudetes. Geographical position. Natural resources

The Sudeten mountain system extends through Central Europe and has a length of 310 kilometers. Passes from the north-west to the south-east, from East Germany to the Czech-Polish border. The highest point is Snezka Mountain, its height is 1602 meters. It is located in the Karkonosze massif. The Sudeten mountains do not require difficult overcoming and conquest, therefore, tourism is so well developed here.

The diverse mountain ranges resemble a mosaic: the differences in the heights of the Karkonosze, the ridges of the Table Mountains, the hills in the Golden, Izersky, Biala Mountains.

Traveling along the mountain range, you can find ancient pits left by the glacier, hidden waterfalls, rock labyrinths. Someone is lucky to find valuable minerals. Once the Sudeten mountains were considered a treasure trove of Europe. The stones brought from here, decorated not one building of Italy and France. Today in the rocks there are amethyst, jasper, rock crystal, jade, topaz, garnet. The mountain range is divided into Central, Western and Eastern Sudetenland.

Climate. Flora and fauna

Mountains Sudetes are located in a temperate climate. On the Karkonosze conditions are very severe. The climate here can be called quite cold. The average annual temperature in these places is from +2 to +4 degrees. At the height of Mount Snezki, it rests at 0 degrees.

Mountain slopes of the lower belt are covered here with spring, beech, lime forests. High-rise slopes are rich in mountain pines. There are peat bogs, rich in representatives of the flora, which came to us from the glacial period. On the highest parts of the mountains there are plants of the alpine belt. Only here you can find a basalt quarry. More of this plant is nowhere in the world. The relic species include the local Karkonoshi bell, the Lapland willow, the narcissistic anemone.

The animal world is mostly represented by forest inhabitants: wild boar, wolf, hare, fox, deer, lynx. In general, about 60 species of mammals. In the Karkonosze Reserve for a long time, a moufflon was brought from Corsica, which became well established. For birds in the mountains, just a paradise, there are about 200 of them, especially the owl of the moose-grouse, black grouse, forest thrush, small owl, forest worm, wood grouse.

A bit of history

The Sudeten Mountains in Europe have a very ancient history. The events that occurred here in the middle of the 20th century received a particularly vivid political coloring. For a long time, the Sudetenland belonged to Czechoslovakia, although it was inhabited for the most part by people of German nationality (Sudeten Germans). In 1938, German Austria became a contender for these lands. The Czechoslovak government adopted a program where the Sudeten Germans were promised autonomy. But the party of the Heinlein fascists provoked local unrest, and then she herself asked Germany for help. A month later, Austria was captured, at the instigation of Hitler, Heinlein put forward a number of demands for Czechoslovakia.

Although the government made several concessions on the Sudeten Germans, the Nazis rejected cooperation. In September, the Heinleinites put up a putsch, people were killed in clashes. Germany was proclaimed the creation of Freikorp - the army of Sudeten Germans. Under the pressure of the Western "allies" of France and England, Czechoslovakia was forced to accept all the shameful German conditions, so on September 30 the Munich agreement was signed .

Immediately, the Wehrmacht troops entered the Sudetenland. Thousands of refugees rushed to the major cities of Czechoslovakia. On the territory of Sudeten, the Czech language, flag, party, newspapers and much more were banned. Only in 1945, after the liberation of the country, the Sudeten Germans were expelled from the territory and this area again departed Czechoslovakia.

Karkonosze National Park

For hundreds of kilometers across Europe the Sudeten mountains stretch. A photo of amazing places attracts travelers from different parts of the world. The most remarkable place is the Karkonosze National Park. It includes the entire highest system of the mountain massif - the Karkonosze, the summit here is the Mount Snezka. The park was created in 1959. Immediately under special protection were taken sites of rare beauty: a zone of rocks where the pits were formed in the ice age, high-mountain moraine lakes, rock-ostantsy, having a fantastic shape, high-altitude waterfalls. In 1992, the Karkonosze Reserve for all these beauties was taken under the protection of UNESCO.

Karkonosze is the highest mass of Sudetes. Previously used and other names - Snowy Mountains, Giant Mountains. This area was first developed by people in the XI century. Walloons were here searching for precious metals, minerals and stones. They left on the walls of the caves bizarre records, which are still trying to decipher the historians.

A peculiarity of the park's landscape is the amazing proximity of mountain ranges and wetlands, this is rarely found in nature. Picturesque here are the local lakes. The rocks have a bizarre shape.

Eastern mountains of the Sudetenland. Carna Gora

The resort is located in the Snezka massif. Slopes are rich in forests, so the snow lasts long enough - from November to April. With good weather conditions, the trails are covered with a meter snow layer. Trails are mostly dangerous and complex, so more professionals are riding here.

Moderate climate and well-developed infrastructure annually attracts hundreds of skiers to the Sudetes. Reviews of tourists say that here you can decently rest, ski, have a great time with the whole family.

The Middle Sudeten. Zelenets

There is a resort in the Orlicky Mountains on the slopes of Serekh, which is closer to the Polish-Czech border. The climate here resembles an alpine one. The snow lies for a long time - from the end of October to the beginning of May. Nearby is Dukšņi Zdrój, a resort, only 13 km away, with easy access to skiing. In summer it is quiet here, but in winter you need to book in advance.

The developed infrastructure provides many lifts, which never have a queue. Twenty tracks of the most varied complexity allow you to ride both aces and beginners. Only the lift is designed not for tourists, but for border guards and soldiers. There is also Snow Park, where snowboarders can ride. Artificial lighting - at 8 trails, for lovers of night walks on skis.