MTZ-82.1: specifications and reviews

Belarusian quality is the topic of a special conversation. It's no secret that production to this day produced in this former Soviet republic is still famous for its highest manufacturing quality. And we are talking not only about food and textiles, but also agricultural machinery, including. In this article, we will take a closer look at the tractor MTZ-82.1, its features, characteristics and user reviews.

Historical reference

Traktorostroenie in Belarus moved to a new level in 1970, when the production of MTZ tractors began on the orders of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. It was at that time that the government decided to produce a very powerful tractor of a row type. MTZ-50 was used for the basis. The design of the car has undergone numerous changes, also the cabin, the cladding has been modernized, the newest engine with a higher power has been installed. The first tests of MTZ-82.1 passed in 1972 and were quite successful. On the basis of these test races, a list of aggregated units and parts was created, and about 230 devices designed to perform various types of work were created. At the same time, the tractor's travel speed reached 30 km / h, which made it possible to apply it for transport works.

First Swallow

The first described machine was produced by the Minsk plant in 1974. Even at the initial stage of operation, users very positively began to respond about the tractor, and engineers decided to continue to increase the volume of production of this equipment. For four decades of its production, MTZ-82.1 began to process fields of almost all continents of our planet. In particular, these tractors are popular in Asian countries, Africa and South America.

The main purpose

The machine was originally created for working in the fields. Although in principle it is sufficiently multifunctional and is a full-drive medium tractor. He is quite capable of sowing various crops, cleaning them, plowing fields, plowing. Very often a tractor, equipped with attachments and trailers, is used to move a variety of goods, as well as road or other excavation.

Some nuances

MTZ-82.1 can be used practically in any weather and climate conditions. At its core, this machine is an exact copy (in terms of functionality) MTZ-82. The only significant difference is the increased cabin volume of the model with index 1.

In general, the model 82.1 both in terms of its external data, and technical characteristics, has the form of a semi-frame design, in which the rear running wheels have a significantly larger diameter compared to the front ones. The motor, in turn, is located directly under the driver's cab.

Engine and gearbox

The fuel consumption of MTZ-82.1 is rather insignificant due to the presence of the diesel unit D-243, which, like the tractor, is also produced at the Minsk plant. The power of the engine is 80 horsepower, which allows the car to go at a speed of 35 km / h and in parallel with this use attachments to perform the required work. The required maintenance is minimal.

Despite the fact that the engine is four-stroke, the tractor has a drive with an electric starter equipped with a pre-heater. There is also a liquid cooling system, which allows the engine to run in both extreme frost and heat.

As for the checkpoint, until 1985, this tractor was equipped with only a mechanical transmission, in which the number of gears was no more than 18 × 4 for the front wheels and 16 × 4 for the rear wheels. Nowadays, the rear axle can be locked using a hydraulic system. A reliable stop of the differential and its fixation make it possible to increase the passability of the equipment.

Hydrosystem

It includes such basic elements:

• Hydraulic pump gear type NSH-32.
• Hydraulic hitch weight amplifier (used for attachments).
• Power and position controllers.
• Hydraulic cylinder for direct control of the distributor and hinge.

All these nodes can be controlled from the driver's cab with the help of pedals and levers.

The main essence of the hydraulic equipment of both the new model and MTZ-82.1 tractor is used - high-precision adjustment of the position in the space of the used attachments on the most diverse types of soils and under different underlying surfaces.

Directly on the regulators are sensitive sensors that react to any change in the spatial position of the coupled module and traction. In general, the hydraulic system of the tractor makes it possible to increase the productivity of the tractor and improve the quality of its work (for example, to guarantee uniform plowing of the land with the same depth).

Control and measuring devices

MTZ-82.1 new is equipped with shields with devices, which, in turn, can be both stand-alone and be part of a combination of equipment. In addition, there are blocks of special indicator lamps and a fuse, having fusible inserts for reliable protection of all available electrical circuits.

For example, the engine coolant temperature indicator has warning lights of different colors:

• The working range (from 80 to 100 degrees Celsius) is green.
• The non-working range (up to 80 degrees) is yellow.
• Over 100 degrees Celsius is red.

The oil pressure in the diesel should be within 1 - 5 kgf / cm ² . A pressure jump of up to 6 bar is allowed at the time of starting the cold engine. However, if the emergency lamp continues to burn and during further operation, immediately stop the motor and start troubleshooting. In turn, the pneumatic system operates in the range of 5 to 8 kgf / cm ² and includes a compressor and a valve-distributor for controlling the differentiated operation of the braking system.

Technical indicators

Any MTZ-82.1 tractor (second-hand, including) has the following technical data:

• Engine power - 60 kW.
• The rated speed is 2200 rpm.
• Number of cylinders - 4 pieces.
• The volume of diesel - 4.75 liters.
• The limiting torque is 290 Nm.
• The fuel consumption at nominal power is 220 g / kWh.
• The reserve of torque is 15%.
• The volume of fuel tanks is 130 liters.
• Type of clutch - single-disk, dry.
• The speed of forward movement is 1.89 - 33.4 km / h.
• The speed of the ride back is 3.98 - 8.97 km / h.
• The base of the machine is 2450 mm.
• The length is 3930 mm.
• The ground clearance under the front axle is 645 mm.
• The clearance between the road and the rear axle is 465 mm.
• The operating weight is 3900 kg.

User opinion

Regardless of where the MTZ-82.1 tractor was purchased ("Avito", other sites or directly at the factory), many farmers noticed that the machine's productivity is not too high when processing large fields - over 80 hectares. Also, the weakness of the work of the third and sixth gears was noted at times of heavy loads.

In turn, the engine is not too susceptible to the quality of the fuel consumed, but if the diesel engine is too low, the engine may well die or not start. In this case, as practice has shown, the problem is eliminated by adjusting the injectors or changing diesel fuel.

From the positive qualities of the tractor it is worth noting its almost absolute "inability", since it is practically not affected by heat, cold, impassability, dust, or any possible atmospheric precipitation. In addition, the machine is quite easily combined with many attachments and is very easy to operate. The drivers also noticed a sufficiently high level of cab comfort, which fully meets all current ergonomic standards and requirements.

Running in

Today on "Avito" tractor 82.1 MTZ can be purchased completely new. It is important to know that the new machine should be, unintentionally, run for at least 30 hours. This procedure is mandatory, since it allows all without exception the details of the tractor to get used and ensure the subsequent long service life. It is forbidden to start a new, untethered diesel from the tug to avoid rapid wear of its components.

Maintenance

Scheduled works are carried out according to the following scheme:

• Checking the tension of the fan belt (after 125 operating hours) - the deflection of the belt should not exceed 15 - 22 mm when pressed with a force of 40 N.
• Control of the free travel of the clutch pedal (after 500 operating hours) - 40 - 50 mm along its cushion.
• Measurement of backlash of the steering wheel (after 500 operating hours) - it should in no case exceed 25% during engine operation.
• Tightening of the cylinder head bolts (after 1000 operating hours) - the tightening torque should be within 19 - 21 kgcm.
• Checking the tightening of the nut of the intermediate bearing protector - the coupling must be capable of transmitting a torque of 40 - 80 kg cm.
• Monitoring the coolant level of the radiator (after 10 hours of operation of the tractor) - it should be no more than 50 mm below the edge of the filler neck.
• Oil change in the crankcase of the engine - after 500 hours of continuous operation.
• Replacement of the filter element of the fine filter - after 1000 hours of continuous operation.
• Condensation from the receiver merges every ten hours of operation.
• In time, in summer and winter, switch to the appropriate grades of oil and grease.

Conclusion

When purchasing MTZ-82.1 or elsewhere in Avito, always remember that this tractor can be actively used as a loader, excavator, bulldozer and even in some cases a combine. And given its relatively small cost, it becomes clear why the demand for it has remained consistently high for many years.