Tractor MTZ-82: general information and the history of creation

Recently, the importance of agriculture for the economies of many countries is growing, so technical progress does not stand still.

In this article, we will discuss MTZ-82 tractor, consider its characteristics and purpose, delve into the history of creation and consider the main modifications.

History of creation

The development of tractors of the 80/82 modification began back in the 1970s. Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR number 606 was aimed at creating a row-universal wheeled tractor with engine power of 75-80 liters. from. And the traction class 1.4.

To accelerate the process of model reconstruction and reduce production costs, it was decided to upgrade the older manufactured tractor model MTZ 50/52.

The cabin of the MTZ 50/52 tractor was significantly changed, and the old engine was replaced with a new, more powerful one.

MTZ-82 tractor was first tested in 1972, which ended in success. The big plus of the new model was the maximum speed, which was equal to 33.2 km / h, which facilitated the transport work. The number of working units with which the tractor was combined also increased to 230.

The MTZ-82 tractor was launched in Belarus in 1974, and a caterpillar version with the T-70 mark was produced a year later.

Engine

The engines used on the new tractors had an excellent power of 75-80 liters. from. And were inexpensive to maintain, so they proved themselves well. The volume was 4.75 liters.

Engine D-240 - the first model, which was installed on tractors MTZ-82. A four-cycle diesel engine with four cylinders was produced at the Minsk Motor Plant. Engine brand D-243 - the second option, which was used less often.

The motor is started by means of an electric starter of grade D240 / 243 or by a PD-10 starting engine with a capacity of 10 liters. from. The engine has a forward longitudinal arrangement.

Transmission

The MTZ-82 tractor is equipped with a mechanical transmission, the clutch is single-disk, dry, closed permanently.

The transmission (gearbox) has 9 switching stages and two ranges - reduced (working) and increased (transport). The total number of transmissions is: 18 front and 4 rear. It is also possible to install a chronograph.

On models produced after 1985, a hydraulically controlled gearbox is installed, which allows one of the four gears to be engaged within the included range, without turning off the clutch.

The rear axle is equipped with a differential with the possibility of locking, which is carried out by pressing a special pedal located in the driver's cab. On more recent samples, a switch is installed on the control panel.

Equipment

The hydraulic equipment of MTZ-82 is represented by a hydraulic separate-aggregate system, which includes the following components:

• Valve-spool distributor, consisting of three sections;
• Pump gear-type of the brand НШ-32 (the drive is carried out from the engine);
• Hydraulic control hinge;
• Position and power regulator;
• Rear hydraulic cylinder.

The pneumatic equipment consists of a compressor and a control valve, which are responsible for the operability of the trailer brakes.

In some cases, in addition to the standard electrical equipment, MTZ-82 tractor is equipped with air conditioning and alarm.

Additional modifications based on the MTZ-82 tractor

There are several modified machines created under the MTZ-82 project.

MTZ-82.1 tractor differs from 82 in the presence of an all-wheel drive and a more spacious cabin, while MTZ-82.1 23/12 in addition to the above has enlarged front wheels and a front beam bridge.

MTZ-82N is designed for operation on small slopes (up to 16 degrees gradient). The seat has an adjusting device for positioning the tractor driver in an upright position.

MTZ-82K allows you to work on steep slopes (up to 20 degrees gradient).

MTZ-82MK is used in the housing and communal services, equipped with everything necessary for cleaning narrow alleys and streets.

The modification of the T-80L is used in the forestry and differs from the 82-th engine with reduced power and the same size of the front and rear wheels. The speed is 36 km / h.

The importance of the MTZ-82 tractor in agriculture and interesting facts

Agriculture is rapidly progressing today: today's new technologies and methods are replaced by tomorrow's, even more advanced ones. But MTZ-82 remains on production for many years, as this model is universal and is capable of performing many different types of work.

According to statistics, 60-70% of the tractor fleet of any agricultural enterprise consists precisely of MTZ-82, and it can not be replaced with something, and 82 will replace almost any tractor in the traction class 1.4 and below.

Minsk Tractor Works exports this model of tractors to most CIS countries. On MTZ-82 it is possible to work almost in the harshest climatic conditions, it is only necessary to adapt it and re-equip it. It is also easy to maintain, and troubleshooting is not difficult.

The MTZ-82 tractor, whose photo can be seen in the article, has a standard blue color, and occasionally one can see the red color of the model.

At the time of 1998, the number of copies of the 82nd around the world was about 1,500,000 pieces. To date, they are slightly larger.

The Mossar plant, which is located in Saratov, at one time produced a mini-copy of the original tractors, which were to be assembled in detail. The model was presented on a scale of 1:43. The MTZ-82 tractor, the photo of which was attached to the assembly instruction, could be assembled and placed in its mini-collection of agricultural machinery.