MSCT - what is it? MSCT of the abdominal cavity. MSCT of the brain

One of the most modern methods of studying tissues and organs of a person is a multispiral computed tomography, or MSCT. What is this and what is the principle of research?

MSCT is considered one of the types of CT (computed tomography). The principle of examination is the same: with the help of X-ray radiation, using the difference in absorption of rays by tissues of different density, the tomograph will layer-by-layer examine the patient's body. But at MSCT two-dimensional arrangement of detectors is used, and at KT linear sensors are used.

A two-dimensional array of multislice scanner sensors, which spirals around the patient, makes it possible to obtain several fragments at once, which allows us to capture large areas at high speed. The resulting fragment is processed and output in the usual or three-dimensional form. A high survey speed facilitates the diagnosis of severe patients and makes it possible to contrast the vessels.

MSCT is successfully used in the study of cancer, cardiovascular and infectious diseases, as well as with serious injuries of the musculoskeletal system and bleeding in tissues and organs due to injuries.

What are the indications for the appointment of MSCT?

Modern diagnostics of many diseases is inconceivable without MSCT. What this examination reveals and at what indications prescribe multispiral computed tomography?

If the patient has implants in which the metal is contained, only the diagnosis on a multispiral tomograph will help, and MRI and CT are contraindicated. In diseases requiring emergency treatment or accompanied by a strong pain syndrome, when a person is physically unable to lie without moving for a long period of time, MSCT will be the only correct method of investigation. Multispiral computed tomography is also indispensable for such medical cases:

1. It allows not only diagnosing oncological formations of the liver, spleen, pancreas, bladder, kidneys and extraorganic neoplasms of the retroperitoneal zone and abdominal cavity, but also determines the extent of the lesion and the type of tumor: benign or malignant.

2. Gives accurate diagnosis for fractures of the bone system, degenerative changes of the spine, bone lesions metastases, reveals hernia in the lumbar spine.

3. With embolism of pulmonary arteries, there are violations in the circulation and severity of lesions of large arteries.

4. All serious injuries can be correctly evaluated only with the help of a multispiral tomograph.

5. It makes it possible to identify even small and single foci of tuberculosis.

What is the purpose of contrast enhancement?

Research on a multispiral tomograph makes it possible to see not only bones and airborne organs, but also soft tissues. This allows you to diagnose serious diseases in the initial stages, for example, to identify a malignant formation of a small size, when there is still the possibility of surgical treatment. Contrast enhancement is used to better differentiate human organs from each other, normal structures from pathological neoplasms. There are two methods of conducting MSCT with contrast: intravenous and bolus.

In the first method, the contrast agent is administered without adjusting the time and velocity in the vein by an X-ray lab, then the study is carried out. This method is used on slower tomographs of the first generation.

With bolus contrast, a special substance is injected with the syringe-injector with the set time and speed. The advantage of this method is that it differentiates the phases of contrasting, which makes the study more efficient and the results more reliable.

When are multispiral computed tomography of the brain performed?

In modern medicine, for the diagnosis of brain diseases, the research of MSCT occupies a leading position. What does this study diagnose, in what symptoms is it conducted?

MSCT is used for diagnosis in such pathologies:

• Oncological formations of the brain, as well as anomalies in its development;
• stroke;
• High intracranial pressure and hydrocephalus;
• Chronic form of vascular insufficiency;
• Trauma or inflammation of the brain;
• Chronic and acute stages of diseases of the inner ear or paranasal sinuses.

With frequent and severe headaches, memory impairment, dizziness, it is necessary to consult a neurologist to resolve the issue of the need for MSCT of the brain to exclude life-threatening pathological changes in this organ. This is especially important for patients who have suffered a brain injury, a stroke, a transient ischemic attack in the past, or have all the signs of a prediscount condition at the time of the referral to the doctor.

Indications for multispiral computed tomography of the abdominal cavity

When carrying out the MSCT of the abdominal cavity, the doctor evaluates the tissues, organs and systems in this area: the liver, bile ducts, gall bladder, spleen, kidneys, urinary tract, pancreas and other organs. An expert radiologist analyzes the structure, size and position of organs; The existence of pathological neoplasms; The presence of concrements in the organs of this zone; The functionality of the bile ducts; Condition of lymph nodes.

Indications for MSCT of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space:

• Oncological formations and tumor lesions (metastases);
• Cysts, adenomas and abscesses;
• Serious injuries and suspicions of damage to organs and blood vessels;
• urolithiasis disease;
• cirrhosis of the liver;
• Diseases of any abdominal organs;
• Inflammatory processes;
• Pathology of the abdominal aorta and its branches;
• Anomalies of organs.

When is the MSCT of the chest?

To assess the state of organs and tissues in the chest zone, the highest method of investigation, MSCT, is used. What does this evaluation assess and under what diseases does it be prescribed?

This technique allows analysis and evaluation of the condition of the organs and soft tissues of the chest (lungs, heart, vessels, esophagus, trachea and others), lymph nodes, bone structures.

Indications for MSCT of the chest:

• Tumor formations and their metastases;
• Anomalies and malformations of the heart and bronchopulmonary system;
• Diffuse lung diseases;
• Inflammatory processes that caused damage to the organs of the chest;
• Serious injury.

MSCT procedure: recommendations, cost and contraindications

To conduct a MSCT study, you need to dress in loose clothing. All foreign objects and jewelry during the procedure must be removed, including auditory or dentures. It is necessary to give up eating a few hours before the examination, especially when using the method of contrasting.

The study is absolutely painless, and the radiation dose is minimal. The procedure lasts (depending on the complexity) from 5 to 30 minutes, requires patient immobility.

Using the method of contrasting in the study, the type of contrast medium and its number are factors that affect the cost of MSCT. The price also depends on the location and volume of the examination area, diagnostic tasks and additional services. To clarify the cost of any MSCT it is possible by going to the page of the site of the chosen clinic or by calling on the phone. On average, the prices for this procedure range from 1.5 to 11.5 thousand rubles.

Contraindications and risks of MSCT

• Nursing women are prohibited from feeding during the day after the introduction of contrast;
• The study of pregnant patients is carried out according to vital indications;
• Children are examined only in case of emergency and repeated procedure is prohibited;
• Extremely rarely there is an allergy to contrasting substances, which contain iodine.

Conclusion

MSCT is a painless and informative diagnostic method with several advantages:

• Perfectly visualizes both bones, and soft tissues, blood vessels;
• A high rate of study is especially important for serious emergency conditions;
• Higher quality of the result, less sensitivity to patient movement and lower cost than MRI;
• Carrying out minimally invasive procedures makes it possible to do without surgical intervention for diagnostic purposes;
• Minimum exposure and no residual radiation after the study.