Lyell's syndrome. What do I need to know?

Lyell's syndrome is a serious disease of toxic-allergic origin, which is characterized by a detachment of the epidermis from the lower layers. Later, necrosis of exfoliated epidermis occurs. There are two forms of the syndrome:

• Toxic;
• Staphylococcal.

The toxic form is inherent in adults and children, while staphylococcal is more common in children.

How is Lyell's syndrome manifested?

The disease is characterized by the following symptoms:

• Suddenness of symptoms;
• Multiple rashes on the skin - red spots with edema and blisters, increasing rapidly in volume;
• Burning of the skin, as in a second degree burn;
• Exfoliation and necrosis of the upper layer of the skin;
• Body temperature from 39 degrees, weakness;
• Severe headaches and disruption in orientation in time and space;
• Vomiting, diarrhea;
• Drowsiness and dehydration ;
• hair loss;
• An increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood, a violation of kidney function;
• Edema or pneumonia, death of kidney tissues;
• Shock state.

It is important to note that the symptoms of Lyell syndrome are not the same. The earlier a patient turns to a doctor, the less the risk of serious symptoms and even death.

Causes of the disease

There are several reasons that lead to this syndrome:

• Medicines that can lead to a severe allergic reaction (various sulfanilamide antibacterial drugs, antibiotics, barbiturates, anticonvulsants and other drugs). There is an opinion that virtually any drug can cause the development of the disease;
• Staphylococci;
• Inflammation of the middle ear, cough, runny nose.

Prevention of Lyell's Syndrome

In case of diseases, it is necessary to apply for treatment to the doctor, who should prescribe the drugs.

Do not use several medications at once (5-8 different).

In the treatment of diseases should take into account absolutely all the previously manifested allergic reactions to drugs.

Treatment of the disease

If there is a suspicion of Lyell's syndrome, you must immediately stop taking all the medications that were used earlier, and see a doctor. Treatment of the disease occurs in intensive care. Here doctors struggle with the defeat of the body with toxic substances, violation of blood coagulability, maintain the protein balance and balance of water and minerals, maintain the normal functioning of the important organs of the patient.

Depending on the degree of severity, the patient is assigned either antibiotics, or glucocorticoids, or hospitalization followed by treatment. If the patient is experiencing some of the symptoms described above - with the reference to the hospital can not pull, tk. The mortality of cases in the conditions of resuscitation is about 30-70% (according to different data).

Syndrome Lyell is treated in several stages:

1. Treatment of shock in a patient. The patient is injected with anti-shock drugs (saline, haemodez and others). Also, large doses of prednisolone are administered by means of a dropper (about 200 - 250 mg).
2. Mandatory hospitalization. After hospitalization the following mandatory measures are taken:

• Continued introduction of prednisolone - 100 - 250 mg per day;
• Continuation of taking detoxification drugs in the form of droppers;
• Obligatory antibacterial therapy of the affected parts of the body;
• Normalization of protein and water balance, as well as acid-base;
• anesthesia;
• Good skin care: antibacterial lotions, use of aerosols, ointments and solutions. Obligatory change of linen about 2-3 times a day, treatment of mucous membranes.

Since Lyell's syndrome is allergic, the use of drugs in treatment should be limited and strictly prescribed.