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John Lilly: biography, books, photo

A lot of specialists in the field of psychology and psychiatry use the knowledge that one of the most famous American neurophysiologists received. He studied the consciousness of dolphins, he was able to enrich psychology with revolutionary methods of scientific research. Also, in the course of his experiments, this scientist received very interesting scientific data. Who is this mysterious person?

D. Lilly - childhood

This is John Lilly - a physician, biophysicist, inventor and neurophysiologist. By his main specialization, he chose the study of states of consciousness. Born Lilly January 6, 1915 in the city of St. Paul, Minnesota. For a long time he was a vivid representative of the counterculture and belonged to the same school as Ram Dass and Timothy Leary. When the boy was 10 years old parents who were deeply religious Catholics, they prepared him for service at the altar. John was a painful boy, immersed in a world of his own thoughts and fantasies.

First, he pleased his parents with successes in the difficult field of the future priest: the child diligently prayed, sang songs in the spiritual choir, attended divine services. However, soon Lilly realized that the church - this is not the place where he would like to see himself. After all, religious dogmas have always hampered human freedom. John always tried to defend the right to his own opinion, and the church life for him could not be combined with such a worldview. Parents at the request of the boy transferred him from the church school to the academic.

Youth and interest in science

At the age of 13, Lilly began to show interest in various sciences. He was particularly attracted by chemistry. From this age John begins to conduct various chemical experiments. After studying at St. Paul's Academy, he graduated from a medical school in Dartmouth, and then - from the California Institute of Technology and the University of Pennsylvania.

In 1942 he received a doctorate in medicine. Until 1956, John Lilly studied at the same university. In parallel with teaching, he studies psychoanalytic theory and biophysics.

Sensory deprivation chamber

In 1954, Lilly first tested the isolation tank, with which it was possible to conduct various experiments on sensory deprivation. The invention of this reservoir was the result of his increased interest in the study of human consciousness.

And the first experiments the brave explorer carried out on himself. In the end, reservoirs for sensory deprivation and brought fame to John Lilly. Now everyone can visit the procedure of sensory deprivation, which is called floatation. However, not everyone knows who and when was the first inventor of the camera for sensory deprivation.

Learning the programming of consciousness

Until 1968, Lilly works as a director of the Institute of Communications, whose founder he himself was. At this time, he studied the features of dolphin consciousness. At this time, Lilly was carried away by the use of drugs - LSD and ketamine. The results of these studies were published in one of the books of John Lilly - "Programming and metaprogramming of a human biocomputer".

In this work, Lilly calls each adult person a pre-programmed biocomputer. Each adult programs himself and is able to program others. However, despite the variety of various programs, the choice in the hands of a person is always limited. Lilly believes that some of the programs a person inherited from his predecessors - come from the sea unicellular, sponges, corals, worms. The life program is transmitted through the genetic code.

As the nervous system and its dimensions increase in a living being, programming becomes more complex. It no longer boils down to solving the issues of survival and reproduction of offspring. Lilly calls the human cerebral cortex a "new computer" that emerged in the process of evolution in order to control and control the lower brain departments.

When, a few million years ago, the size of the cerebral cortex reached critical dimensions, the ability to self-learning arose. The emergence of various disciplines - mathematics, physics, philosophy, art, etc. - is possible only in the presence of the cerebral cortex, which has reached the right size.

The rest of life

His studies on sensory deprivation, he combined with the use of drugs. He was married three times, his last wife, Antonetta Oshman, died in 1996. John Lilly himself spent his last years in the Hawaiian Islands. He died in 2001 in Los Angeles. Throughout his life, Lilly has written 125 scientific papers in various fields. And research on the study of dolphins led to the fact that in 1972 in America a law was passed to protect the rights of this species of mammals.

Studies of dolphins

The study of abilities to communicate dolphins was reflected in the writings of John Lilly. "Thinking of a dolphin", "Man and a dolphin" - these are his works in this field. However, other researchers did not confirm the results of his experiments in the laboratory. For example, scientists have denied the claim that dolphins can teach the alphabet and the words of the English language.

Once, when one of the dolphins was lowered into the pool, the animal struck his head and fainted. The dolphin began to sink to the bottom. At this time, his companions pushed the wounded animal to the surface of the water and held until the dolphin could again normally breathe. After this incident, John Lilly concluded that dolphins are social animals ready to help each other in a critical situation.

Other works of Lilly

Another of John Lilly's famous books is "The Cyclone Center". This work is the fruit of searching for the meaning of life, to which the author took about 50 years. Studying the human brain, the work of consciousness in conditions of sensory deprivation and psychoanalysis, Lilly tried to find his thread of truth. Also in the work Lilly describes the results of his experiences of drug use - LSD and ketamine.

What other books of John Lilly can interest fans of his unusual creativity? This is the work "Twin cyclone", "Center of the cyclone. Grain to the mill. " Many of them are not translated into Russian, but they may be of interest to those who speak English - Simulations of God, The deep self, The Scientist: A Novel Autobiography.

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