Islands of Russia: list. Peninsula of Russia

The islands of Russia, the list of which can be continued indefinitely, constitute an essential part of the land area of our country. Of course, they are very different, not only in their size, climate and population, but also in geological features. And all these parts of the world ocean are interesting in their own way and deserve attention.

For example, the lake islands of Russia, the list of which includes only 20 large objects, are located mainly in the vicinity of Lake Baikal, the Caspian Sea and the north-western part of the country. They are characterized by the formation of a certain, often different from land, flora and fauna.

The large islands of Russia, the list of which is more significant, often become densely populated regions with highly developed infrastructure. They include, say, a city with the same name, located in the Pskov region. Now in this settlement lives more than 25 thousand people.

This article is aimed at telling about the islands of Russia in as much detail as possible. The reader will get acquainted with their features and learn a lot of useful information.

How many islands in general belong to our country

It would seem, well, what could be easier than counting the islands of Russia. The list is complete and ready. But in fact, it's almost impossible to do this.

Experts say that although the total number is difficult to calculate, on average there are about 50. Why can not we cope with this seemingly easy task? The difficulty is that some islands and peninsulas of Russia are located in the Arctic Ocean, their surface is usually covered with ice, people do not live on them.

What do we know about Sakhalin?

Studying the large islands of Russia, the list of which is already impressive, it is impossible not to mention Sakhalin. Why? The thing is that he is considered the largest in our country. In translation from the Manchurian language into Russian, its name means "Black River". But the Japanese call it "Karafuto", that is, "the land of the mouth god".

Sakhalin is also interesting because it looks like a fish on its map. A similar island of Russia, and the world as a whole no longer exists.

Sakhalin in 1643 opened the expedition of the seafarer de Vries, but people lived on this island in the Stone Age. Until 1945, the island was jointly owned by Japan and Russia, but following the war, Japan was forced to give its part to our country.

I must say that in old geographical atlases you can find this part of the land in the section "Islands and peninsulas of Russia". The list attached below, which is surprising, will show that the Sakhalin that we are accustomed to is related to the second type. Indeed, for a long time it was considered a peninsula. The space between it and the mainland is called the Nevelsky Strait, in winter it freezes completely. Perhaps this fact has led many travelers astray.

Note that the indigenous people of Sakhalin are the Nivkhs and Ainu, but now they, unfortunately, make up only 1% of the local population.

Among other things, we can not but say that a huge number of animals and plants of Sakhalin are listed in the Red Book.

House of polar bears

Not everyone knows that Wrangel Island is also called the house of polar bears, or Umkilir. Today, the more familiar name for us, it was named in honor of seafarer Ferdinand Wrangel.

Now this land site is part of the reserve, is in the prestigious list of World Heritage sites of UNESCO, it is located in the Arctic Ocean, just between the Chukchi and East Siberian seas.

The climate of the reserve of this island is quite severe, even in the summer time there are frosts and snowfalls. The relief is predominantly mountainous, and the uplands occupy more than 50% of the entire territory.

By the way, on Wrangel Island there are more than 1,5 thousand streams and about 900 lakes.

A significant part of the representatives of the fauna and flora of this island are unique. In places, you can even see relic species of animals. For example, the island of Wrangel is home to the largest colony of white goose in Eurasia. In addition, there is a huge walrus rookery, so hungry polar bears are frequent visitors. Sometimes it is still possible to see musk oxen. And in the local waters there are gray whales, fin whales, beluga whales, and Greenland whales.

In addition, the island is also valuable from the geological point of view. Not so long ago, not only traces of the sites of an ancient man were found here, but even more surprising finds are traces of the mammoth population that survived its continental relatives for almost 6 thousand years.

Tyuleny island

The island of Tyuleny is a real natural pearl of Dagestan. It has the form of an elongated and elongated section of a sandbank beginning at the Volga delta, and about 8 centuries ago this shallow water strip was a much shallower shore of the Caspian Sea. If we could go back three centuries into the past, we would be surprised to find that the level of the Caspian was then 2 meters lower than now, and Tyulenyi Island was 2.5 times larger and had the shape of an irregular triangle. At the same time, its area does not exceed 18 km ² , and the relief is dotted with sand dunes, which are replaced by saline meadows.

One of the wonders of the Seal is that in the more elevated part of the island there are special wells filled with fresh water. This phenomenon is not found anywhere else on the planet.

And the main feature of the island is, of course, uninvited seals, because in honor of them this place is named. They can not only be seen with their own eyes, but can also be fed or photographed for memory.

Now the project on the transformation of Fr. Seal to the site of the Dagestan Reserve.

The Island of the October Revolution

The island of the October Revolution is in the Laptev Sea, it is part of the archipelago of Fr. Northern Earth. This land is considered part of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. It has a somewhat elongated shape.

It should be noted that the island of the October Revolution is the largest in the entire archipelago, its area is more than 13,710 square kilometers. Km, and the highest point - 965 m above sea level.

The largest part of the island is occupied by 7 large glaciers. There are also 3 large rivers, there are lakes and streams, most of which are covered with ice. Of the animals here you can find arctic fox, lemmings, polar bears, deer and walruses. Separately, you need to pay attention to a wide variety of birds.

Recently, gold deposits were found on the island of the October Revolution.

Kotelny Island is the fourth largest island in Russia

The islands and peninsulas of Russia can not be imagined without such a land plot as Fr. Kotelny, which is by right considered the largest island in the archipelago of the Novosibirsk Islands. Its area is 23200 km ². The highest point of the island is the Malakatan-Tas mountain (361 m). The relief is mostly hilly.

This territory was opened in 1773 by the Russian merchant I. Lyakhov and now enters the guard zone of the reserve "Ust-Lensky". It is interesting that the Bunge land connects the west with Fr. Boiler room with peninsula Faddeevsky.

Geologically, this site is composed of limestones and shales. Vegetation here is rare, mostly herbaceous and shrubby.

The rivers of the boiler house are small and shallow, except perhaps Balyktakh, at the mouth of which Tsareva's lip forms. On the banks of the rivers Precious and Sannikova in huge balls of hardened clay, large ammonites are found. The largest lake in this area is Yevsek-Kuel.

To date, the island of Kotelny has developed fox hunting, there are reindeer, partridge, polar bears. There are often found the remains of long-extinct animals, such as mammoths.

The Island of New Siberia

As mentioned above, the islands of Russia, the list of which is quite extensive, are very different from each other. But not to tell about some of them is simply impossible.

For example, the island of New Siberia is located in the East Siberian Sea. It is located in the east of the archipelago of the Novosibirsk Islands, it is part of the Republic of Sakha. Its area is about 6 thousand square meters. Km. From the south-west of. The new Siberia is washed by the Sannikov Channel.

To date, this land is part of the famous reserve "Ust-Lensky."

Here the plain relief prevails. The highest point of New Siberia is 79 m above sea level. There is a well developed hydrosystem, there are many rivers, the largest of which is the river. Great. In addition, there are plenty of lakes here.

Russian Island

Russian Island is located right in the Peter the Great Bay, which is in the Sea of Japan, a few kilometers south of Vladivostok, the administrative part of which it is currently considered.

From the Murav'ev-Amursky peninsula it is separated by the Eastern Bosporus. The population of this island is very small and amounts to just over 5 thousand inhabitants.

Bays into the bays, the largest - Novik, she divides the island into unequal parts. It is interesting that the inhabitants of both parts of the island persistently call the opposite part of the Russian "that side".

The relief of the Russian island is mountainous. It's hard to believe, but there are 47 peaks here. The length of the coastline is 123 km, it is heavily indented.

Specialists say that there are 24 streams and the same river, about 5 km long, on Russky Island. There are also lakes of fresh water on the island.

In terms of vegetation, broadleaf forests predominate here.

The most interesting islands of the Russian capital

The islands of Russia, whose list can even be roughly sketched even by a middle-school student, are more or less known. What can not be said about the sites surrounded by water, which are located in Moscow. But in vain. After all, you can tell about them a lot of interesting things.

For example, not everyone knows that the grandiose reconstruction of Tsaritsyno, fortunately, only minimally affected the Bird Island. It's still perfectly round, and swimming around it on a boat or catamaran is a real treat.

To date, the Yauzsky Island, which was formed during the construction of the lock, is not available for visiting. However, it can be seen quite well from the banks of the river. On it you can see the orchard, the building built in two styles at once, art deco and empire, ancient lanterns and a lot of hewn granite.

The swampy island is the main island of Russia, and it has no official name. It is often called simply Island, Nameless or Kremlin. It is here that the House on the embankment, Bolotnaya Square, "Red October", Variety Theater, the monument to Peter. The swampy island skillfully hides its essence: most people, being on it, do not even think that they are on the island.