Instrumentation is ... Instrumentation equipment. Control and measuring devices

Now it is simply impossible to find any area of human activity in which the means for measurement and control are not applied, which have received the general name of instrumentation equipment - constantly improving and developing.

The importance of instrumentation for modern man

The need for a person to transform the environment into his own desires has become the reason that he has to measure, count, weigh, etc. all the time. To unify all these processes, first the simplest began to be created, and in the course of time, and increasingly complex ones Devices for various measurements.

Then, when he mastered the natural processes and launched many new technological chains, he needed other special devices capable of controlling them. Complex devices for monitoring and measurement appeared. In the end, the man tried - and in many areas of his activity - very successfully to learn how to manage natural and created technologies, and then automate some of its types, which required the creation of new representatives of instrumentation. The automation of technological chain management has become a real transition of society to a completely new level of development.

What is Instrumentation (Instrumentation)?

Without a measuring instrument, no technological process can manage. The quality of the products and materials produced and the safety of those Nological solutions depend on the observance of a multitude of parameters that are controlled by instrumentation.

In other words, the instrumentation is a device for measuring, on the basis of which a person receives information from the environment about a set of physical quantities in certain ranges, measured by specific units belonging only to a given measurable medium.

It follows that negligent attitude towards the development and improvement of instrumentation equipment, neglect of the rules of their operation, as well as weak training of specialists, such as a QIB engineer, not only puts the society before the fact of receiving poor-quality products, but also threatens the safety of its citizens.

Classification of instrumentation

Instrumentation is a huge range of various mechanisms, devices and devices, the device of which can be either very simple or rather complicated. A person from school years is familiar with the ruler, square, protractor and compass. But many people do not even think that this is instrumentation, only protozoa.

The classification of instrumentation instruments is very extensive, and it is completely impossible to cover all of them within the framework of this article. But to isolate the main classes and characteristics of this type of equipment from the whole mass of information is quite realistic.

The existing instrumentation equipment can be divided into two large classes. A class of analog instruments, of which the ordinary mercury thermometer used in every family can serve as a vivid example, and a manometer is a more sophisticated instrument for measuring pressure, which is used both in everyday life and at work. This group is characterized by the fact that the output information continuously shows all changes in the environment.

Another class of instrumentation is digital instruments. In them, the output signal - or measurement result - is converted to digital values. An example of such devices can serve as an electronic device for measuring pressure, in which the indicator displays data in the figures on the pressure and heart rate of a person.

Varieties of instrumentation

In each class of equipment, there is a division into instrumentation instruments, recording, indicating and printing. An example of a showing device can be called the same thermometer.

The principles of the operation of the measuring and measuring equipment distribute it to devices comparing - equilibria scales, summing - a wattmeter that adds the power of several generators, direct action - a manometer and an ammeter - and integrating - electric and gas meters.

Areas of application of devices for monitoring and measurement in everyday life

Instrumentation is not only equipment for industrial use. Household use of them is intended for high-quality performance of any work. Take an ordinary repair, which is familiar and understandable.

Without the use of a special instrument and instrumentation it can not be done. Even if you try - the result will be appropriate. How to measure the area of the ceiling or walls without a "meter"? And evenly lay gypsum boards without a level? It is simply impossible to detect old or repair damaged wiring without using a multimeter.

For example, you need to know how strong the walls are made of concrete or brick, as well as freshly prepared mortar. For this, a sclerometer is used in electrical or mechanical design. Determine the level of moisture contained in concrete and plaster, as well as the moisture of wood and wood-shaving materials will help the hygrometer. And the benefits of the laser level can not be said. With its application, repair comes to a whole new level.

And take a different use of instrumentation? Determining the state of the weather in the short term has been a real problem for many years. Now, with the advent of such a device as a digital weather station, it became available to everyone. Atmospheric pressure, air temperature for up to a week, wind direction and the amount of expected precipitation in the form of digital data make it possible for a person to organize his rest and work week. This is especially important in rural areas.

Instrumentation is human everything!

It is very difficult to cover all the variety of human activities in which instruments for monitoring and measurement are used. But the fact remains: there will not be them - a person's life will become so complicated that it is necessary to return to the caves. And this is unlikely to anyone want. And therefore, the desire of young people to get acquainted with this huge and interesting world called KIP, giving the opportunity to fully realize their desire to master new knowledge, is gaining popularity.