Hypoplasia of the uterus 1 degree: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Very often the conception of a child turns into a real problem for future parents. The reason for this can be a disease. гипоплазия матки. One of these diseases is uterine hypoplasia. и можно ли избавиться от этого недуга? What is it and is it possible to get rid of this ailment?

What is the infantile womb?

Hypoplasia of the uterus (infantile, underdeveloped or hypoplastic uterus) is a pathological condition characterized by inadequate development of the main female organ. The consequence of the disease can be difficulty with conceiving, bearing a child or full infertility. гипоплазия матки". Only a doctor can diagnose " uterine hypoplasia." он расскажет вам уже на первом приеме. What is it, he will tell you already at the first reception.

Fully-formed uterus

The female uterus is the main genital organ. It is she who is responsible for the availability of necessary female sex hormones, as well as the possibility of conceiving and bearing a child. It is this organ that can tolerate the baby, the field of which to push it out with the help of contractions (fights).

The uterus of a mature female body has certain characteristics that depend on the patient's age. At the birth of a female child, the genital organ is only 3 cm, and its weight reaches 4 grams. In the future, the process of reducing the uterus occurs, after which the growth continues again. At the age of 4 years, the size of the genital organ is 2.5 cm on average, and its weight is 2.3 grams. By the age of 6 years, he has average parameters: 3 centimeters and 4 grams.

женская матка изменяется. At the moment of reaching puberty, the size of the female uterus changes. Its parameters depend on whether the girl's child gave birth or not.

Полость матки нерожавшей пациентки: толщина – 3,5 см; 1. Cavity of the uterus of a nulliparous patient: thickness - 3.5 cm; Width 4,7; Length - 4.6 cm (deviations of 1-3 mm are possible).

Параметры при наличии выкидышей: толщина – 3,8 см; 2. Parameters in the presence of miscarriages: thickness - 3.8 cm; Width - 5,5 cm; Depth - 5,5 cm (deviations of 1-3 mm are possible).

Полость матки рожавшей женщины имеет характеристики: толщина – 4,1 см; 3. The uterus of a woman giving birth has characteristics: a thickness of 4.1 cm; Width - 5,5 cm; Depth - 6 cm (deviations of 1-5 mm are possible).

After conception and in the process of bearing the baby, the uterus constantly increases in size. By the end of pregnancy, its parameters can reach 33 cm in length and weight of 1.6 kg. After successful delivery, the genital organ begins to contract, but does not reach its original size. The size and weight of it slightly increases.
The cervix also has its standard size. On average, it is 1/3 of the size of the genital organ (30-35 mm in length and 30-50 mm in width). The shape of the neck depends on whether the woman gave birth to the baby or not. In nulliparous she has a canonical figure, and in giving birth a cylindrical figure.

Causes of development of uterine hypoplasia

Causes of the disease can be not only physical characteristics and innate features of the body, but also the living conditions of the girl. So, the congenital infantilism of the uterus can be connected:

• With an infectious disease;
• Long-term use of medications;
• Delay in fetal development while in the womb;
• Use of harmful drugs, including alcohol and smoking;
• Harmful living and working conditions;
• Incorrect formation of chromosomes in the body;
• The presence of genetic abnormalities and features.

The development of the disease during the life and growing up of a girl can be related:

• With a hereditary factor;
• With serious loads, both physical and mental;
• With protracted catarrhal diseases;
• With the use of harmful drugs, including alcohol;
• With a lack or excess of vitamins in the body;
• With strong psychological strains;
• еренесенными операциями на яичниках; With osernesennymi operations on the ovaries;
• With incomplete development of ovaries;
• With meager food and, as a consequence, insufficient weight and excessive leanness;
• With diseases of the endocrine system;
• With chronic diseases.

Various degrees of uterine hypoplasia

The disease is characterized by the fact that at the time of puberty, the uterus does not yet reach the appropriate size. Not only the childbearing organ itself, but also its separate organs and appendages can be underdeveloped. The corresponding characteristics are established by the doctor gynecologist during the initial examination and during the ultrasound examination. We can distinguish several different degrees of the disease:

Гипоплазия матки 1 степени – глубина матки достигает не более 3,5 сантиметра, при этом большую часть составляет шейка. 1. Hypoplasia of the uterus 1 degree - the depth of the uterus reaches no more than 3.5 centimeters, with the majority of it being the neck. With the development of this degree, the uterus is also called an embryonic or rudimentary one.

Гипоплазия матки 2 степени – глубина детородного органа может равняться от 3,5 до 5,5 см, шейка же несколько меньше, примерно 3/1. 2. Hypoplasia of the uterus 2 degrees - the depth of the genital organ can be from 3.5 to 5.5 cm, the neck is slightly smaller, about 3/1. The organ in this development has the name of a child or infantile.

3 степень заболевания – при использовании зонда глубина полости составляет от 5 до 7 сантиметров, а соотношение шейки и матки уже составляет нормальные 1/3. 3. 3 degree of disease - when using a probe the depth of the cavity is from 5 to 7 centimeters, and the ratio of the neck and uterus is already normal 1/3. These characteristics are a slight deviation from the norm. The genital organ is called adolescent or hypoplastic.

Signs of the disease

The disease can develop at any age. The main sign of the problem is the menstrual cycle or the later onset of menstruation. характеризуется наличием редких и скудных выделений. Hypoplasia of the uterus of the 1st degree is characterized by the presence of rare and poor secretions. Disease in 2 and 3 degrees is manifested by the late onset of menstruation (usually after 15-16 years). Allocations can be irregular, meager or, conversely, excessive. Strongly manifested and premenstrual cider, there may be pain, dizziness, nausea and even fainting.

The main signs of the disease are caused by such factors as:

• женская матка не имеет достаточной пластичности, поэтому во время прилива крови (перед и в течение менструации) ее увеличение происходит болезненно; In view of the small size, the female uterus does not have sufficient plasticity, so during blood rush (before and during menstruation), its enlargement is painful;
• Underdevelopment of the cervical canal is characterized by its enlarged long and narrow passage, with the movement of the mucosa there is an increase in pressure, which causes painful sensations.
• Incorrect and inharmonious development of the genital organ causes disconnected abbreviations, which can cause pain.

Signs of the disease the doctor can determine already and during the initial examination. Among the external signs of the girl can be identified:

• short stature;
• Thinness;
• Rare vegetation in the armpits and pubic region;
• Mild development of the mammary glands and chest for his age.

может характеризоваться такими признаками отставания в развитии половых органов: Hypoplasia of the uterus in girls can be characterized by such signs of lag in the development of genital organs:

• Small labia without covering the clitoris;
• Small size of the vagina;
• The cervix is long and poorly developed;
• Clitoris of a retracted form.

A very frequent problem of girls suffering from infantilism of the uterus is the inability to conceive, frequent miscarriages, low libido and lack of orgasm.

Possible complications associated with the disease

Hypoplasia of the uterus is often accompanied by concomitant diseases and complications. It can be:

• Bleeding after childbirth;
• Poor permeability of pipes;
• Tubal pregnancy;
• Early and severe toxicoses;
• Birth before the term;
• Complications during labor;
• infertility;
• Severe pregnancy;
• High risk of miscarriage;
• Development of the inflammatory process;
• матки (гипоплазия эндометрия – как возможное следствие болезни представляет собой истончение внутриматочного слоя, к которому во время зачатия происходит прикрепление эмбриона). Diseases of the uterus (endometrial hypoplasia - as a possible consequence of the disease is the thinning of the intrauterine layer, to which the embryo is attached during conception).

Establishing diagnosis

Only an expert can diagnose, therefore, in the presence of symptoms of a disease, one should immediately consult a specialist. To make an accurate diagnosis, the doctor performs a primary examination, as well as a conversation with the patient. After carrying out the necessary procedures, it is possible to appoint additional measures:

• Testing for functional diagnostics, allowing to determine the nature of anovulation;
• Ultrasound examination of internal organs;
• The delivery of tests to determine the level of hormones in the body (prolactin, progesterone, ketosteroids and others);
• Measuring the width of the pelvic bone (narrow pelvis is one of the indicators of the disease);
• Setting the level and degree of bone development;
• X-ray of the bones of the skull;
• MRI of the brain.

Treatment of the disease

гипоплазии матки 1 степени , а также других степеней большое влияние имеет нормализация питания. In the treatment of hypoplasia of the uterus 1 degree , as well as other degrees, the normalization of nutrition has a great influence. The girl's diet should be rich with all the necessary elements and vitamins. We should not forget about the psychological component. It is recommended to eliminate stress and unnecessary emotional stress.

The basis of treatment of the disease is the use of hormonal drugs. Their reception is, as a rule, several months. Breaks are made only for the duration of menstruation. After the course, a period of several months is made, after which the course is repeated. The use of hormone therapy with timely treatment helps to significantly reduce the symptoms of the disease at stages 2 and 3 of the disease. Stimulation of the body allows you to increase the size of the uterus to almost normal and adjust the course of menstruation. , как правило, требует длительного лечения, а гормональная терапия носит заместительный характер. Hypoplasia of the uterus 1 degree , as a rule, requires long-term treatment, and hormone therapy is of a substitute nature.

In addition, the intake of vitamin complexes, reception of which should be made periodically, is prescribed.

Possible additional methods of treatment

Often doctors prescribe additional procedures to achieve the maximum result. As a rule, these are physiotherapy procedures. They can be:

• Magnetotherapy;
• Use of laser;
• Electrostimulation;
• UHF;
• paraffin;
• Electrophoresis;
• acupuncture.

Often, positive results are given to visits to sanatoriums and resorts, accompanied by bathing in sea water, mud and salt treatment. It is prescribed and actively used therapeutic gymnastics and massage.

Hypoplasia of the uterus and pregnancy

After the girl hears the "diagnosis of hypoplasia" of the uterus, "can I get pregnant with such a disease" - is her first question.

The development and availability of the consequences of the disease are related to the degree of development of the disease, the time of treatment to the doctor and the correctness of the treatment. The second and third stages of the disease are reversible. With the right approach, the treatment of stage 3 does not take much time. After reaching the normal size of the uterus, there is the possibility of conception, as well as the happy birth of a child. Treatment of the disease in the second stage is a more complicated process that takes a lot of time and effort. Even despite prolonged treatment, pregnancy may not occur. практически всегда исключает зачатие и вынашивание ребенка. Hypoplasia of the uterus of the 1st degree practically always excludes the conception and bearing of the child. With the right approach to treatment, in vitro fertilization, that is, the use of surrogate mother services.

conclusions

Thus, you need to monitor your health at any age, and if you notice signs of illness, do not postpone your visit to a doctor. Timely treatment and proper treatment is the first step towards recovery.