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How to plant a plum in the spring in the Moscow region correctly

Currently, most gardeners without problems grow fruit trees on their backyards in the suburbs. Along with apples and pears, plums of various varieties are very popular. Plum has a pleasant taste, a whole set of nutrients, and well preserved in the form of jam and compotes for the winter. However, good fruiting, and therefore, a high yield depends on the compliance with the technology of planting. Seedlings of fruit trees can be planted in autumn or spring. In this article, we will analyze how to properly plant a plum in the spring in the suburbs, in order to preserve the tree and get a good harvest.

Selecting a landing site

So, how to plant a plum in the spring? To begin with it is necessary to be defined with a place. The plant can successfully grow on any soil, but the main condition is their fertility and regular loosening. Plum categorically does not tolerate stagnation of moisture, so it is necessary that groundwater run at a depth of one and a half meters. Of great importance is lighting. In excessively dark places, the fruits lose their taste, develop poorly, the leaves turn pale.

If before you there is a question on how to plant a plum in the spring on acidic soil, the answer is very simple. It is necessary to plot the soil. For this purpose, dolomite flour or ash is suitable. It is made at the rate of 0.8 kg per square meter.

Thus, the landing site must be sunny, protected from wind. Plum seedlings are planted on the south side of other trees, so as not to create a shadow.

Correct planting of seedlings

How to plant a plum seed in the spring? It's quite simple. Pits under the planting is better to cook in the fall, but in extreme cases, they can be done and a few weeks before planting. The depth of the pit is 50 centimeters, the width is not less than 70 centimeters. In the center of each pit a landing stake is established, which is an ordinary straight stick. Then fill the mixture in the pit.

The filling mixture consists of the upper layers of the earth, humus, superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, gravel, sand, potassium.

Further, the plum seedlings are lowered into the pit, the roots are carefully spread and covered with earth. The root collar is kept at a height of 4-6 centimeters from the ground level. This is done in order to exclude the possible risk of damage to the bark. During the sprinkling of the soil, the seedling should be shaken periodically to prevent emptiness. Above, the soil is gently tamped.

How to plant a plum seedlings in spring right? It should be located on the north side of the landing stake and at right angles to the ground. With the help of a rope, he should be tied to a stick slightly.

The distance between the rows of plums should be about 3 meters and the same between the trees themselves.

Planting seeds and grafting

How to plant a plum in the spring, which way to choose? Plum, as a rule, reproduces by graft, cuttings and root shoots. Reproduction by seeds is used extremely rarely and mainly for obtaining rootstocks, that is, plants for which cuttings are inoculated.

Good healthy seeds are thoroughly washed, cleaned from the pulp and soaked for several days, during which water is changed, and the seeds are mixed. Further, the seed material is dried and stored in a glass container. Before planting, the seeds are mixed with wet sand and sawdust and so aged for half a year at a reduced temperature to -10 degrees.

Seeds are sown in late April, after frosts to a depth of 70 centimeters. The distance between them is about 10 centimeters.

For a successful inoculation of the stock, winter resistant varieties should be present. Shoots are cut from their trees. The grafting process is carried out at the end of spring or mid-summer, during the active movement of the juice.

Trimming Prunes

Each gardener, in addition, how to plant a plum in the spring, you need to know how to properly form the crown. For a plum tree, the longline crown is about 35-40 centimeters high. The first years after planting the plum grows strongly, and the branches can grow unevenly. Therefore, sometimes it is necessary to shorten lateral growths, remove tops, thin out branches.

After planting, leave about 10 main branches with equal intervals between them and an angle of growth of 45 degrees. The remaining branches can be deleted. Further, as the tree grows, it is necessary to cut off branches that are not part of the crown being formed.

An adult fruit tree is cut off by branches emerging from the crown formation zone, shortening the apex, reducing the crown. Also remove low-lying branches and shoots with a large number of knots.

Fertilizing and watering

So, besides how to properly plant a plum in the spring, it is important to know and how to properly care for it. In the first year after planting, no fertilizers are required.

But from the third year of life, you can bring in the fall mineral fertilizers, necessarily potassium and phosphorus. In spring, nitrogen fertilizers are introduced , which are reused after flowering.

Organic fertilizers are introduced in the middle of June. Moreover, in young plants, the zone of introduction is only near-trunk circles, and for adults, the entire planting area.

Acidic soils are additionally limed with dolomite flour.

Plum likes moistened soil, so regular watering is an integral part of the care. Good watering is considered, in which the soil is moistened to a depth of up to 40 centimeters. It is important to remember that fruit trees require increased irrigation. But do not overcharge the plum too, as this can lead to the development of fungal diseases and cracked fruits.

Finally

Thus, in this article was considered how to plant a plum in the spring in the suburbs. The most suitable and high-yielding varieties are: Alenushka, Skoroplodnaya, Bogatyrskaya, Mashenka, Candy. The latter variety also has the most delicious fruit. With all the recommendations regarding site selection, technology of planting, care and watering, growing a plum tree does not take much time and effort, and the harvest will please even an experienced gardener.

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