Engine oil for diesel engines with turbocharging. What is the best oil for turbocharged diesel engines?

Developing a turbocharged engine on diesel fuel, manufacturers have achieved the creation of a motor that is not inferior to gasoline in all respects. First, turbochargers were used to increase the power of ICE in military aviation in the early twentieth century. For cars, he went into mass production only in 1978.

However, along with the increase in power, the engine life decreases. Therefore, special oil is required for diesel engines with a turbocharger.

The device and the principle of operation

The action of the engine is based on the energy of the exhaust gases. From the cylinder they are directed to the impeller of the turbine, rotate the turbine of the compressor. It turns out that here, unlike gasoline units, air is supplied under increased pressure. As a result, the volume of air in the cylinder increases, and together with the volume of combustion fuel, the power increases to twenty-five percent.

To get air into the cylinders more, use an additional device - intercooler. It cools the air before it enters the engine. Thus, the specific fuel consumption decreases, and the power increases, which is achieved almost without increasing the size of the unit and the number of revolutions.

It is clear that such motors require a special approach to themselves. In Russia, more and more motorists prefer to buy similar installations. But not everyone knows how to properly operate a turbocharged diesel engine. Consider a few tips that will help to save the working life of the unit longer.

The oil level must be controlled

All engines are negatively affected by oil starvation. However, the oil for a diesel engine with a turbocharger is of paramount importance. Among other things, they lubricate the bearings of the turbocharger. If the liquid level is too low, they quickly fail.

Therefore, the level of lubrication in the motor should be checked as often as possible. If there is a shortage, you should immediately fill it. It is also necessary to find out the reason for the rapid drop in the level and eliminate it.

Lubricant quality

The oil for a turbocharged diesel engine must necessarily be of high quality. Based on the exclusive role that it plays in the life of the engine, one must understand that a bad quality will doom it to a slow death. Do not forget: the composition for gasoline engines is different from diesel engines. In addition, you can not mix a lubricant of different viscosities (see below for this parameter).

Other tips when operating a turbocharged diesel engine

Here are some more tips not related to butter, but which should be adhered to.

The quality of the fuel should be at a high level. If it is not so, the fuel system will clog up, and the power will decrease. As a result, the turbine will have to work at the maximum speed, which will lead to a reduction in its resource.

Do not overdo when starting the engine. Especially this applies to those who do not have a start-up system (stop). When the pedal is pressed on the turbine, the load is applied, it starts to rotate, but without oil, since the latter will not have time to enter it. This leads to a rapid wear of the nodes.

It is recommended to ride at medium revs. Operation at low revs is forbidden for a long time. After all, the turbine is designed for high loads. Therefore, from time to time it is advisable to give her work and at the highest speed. So the system of supercharging will begin to be cleaned, that will increase its service life.

It is impossible to muffle the motor immediately after a stop, as the impellers of the turbine will continue to rotate, and the oil for the turbocharged diesel engine will no longer be fed into the system.

It is extremely undesirable to ride at idle. Half an hour of this work is enough to "kill" the motor, since in this case there is a pinching of the turbine. Oil may also be sucked into the cylinders, because of which the parts of the cylinder-piston group will become unusable.

Timely maintenance is especially important for a turbocharged diesel engine. The duration of its passage is less than for the atmospheric unit, since high loads require more fresh oil and new filters.

The main characteristics of the oil

Buying a lubricant fluid, motorists pay attention to a number of indicators.

The most important parameter is the viscosity, that is, the fluidity of the oil. It depends on the temperature. A higher viscosity index means less variation with temperature fluctuation.

The flash point is called such an indicator, in which when a fire is fired, the flashes flash.

The pour point is the lowest value when it does not completely lose its fluidity (it is checked when the tube is tilted).

When used and the presence of certain additives, an oxidation process occurs, when alkaline and acidic products are formed. Under laboratory conditions, a total alkali and acid number is obtained and analyzed. These indicators are used to calculate the neutralization of oil.

Lubricant base

On the basis of oil are:

• Mineral;
• Semisynthetic;
• Synthetic.

Recently, more and more motorists prefer synthetics. However, a good mineral lubricant fluid is perfectly able to cope with the tasks in the warm climatic conditions. But for work at low temperatures it is better not to go with it. The oil consists of petroleum products.

Here is what oil for diesel engines with turbo-supercharging on a mineral basis is considered good: Castrol GTX (of different viscosity class), Lukoil Avant-Garde Professional LA, Lukoil Avant-garde Ultra, Suprotec Active Regular, Active Diesel Plus and others.

Semisynthetics is a mixture of mineral and synthetic base. It can already be used year-round. The following semi-synthetic engine oil is recommended for turbo engines: Statoil MultyWay, Lukoil Avant-guard, Castrol Magnatec and so on.

Synthetic base has a completely artificial origin. It is the most expensive and is considered the best quality. But it should be understood that in itself synthetic does not guarantee the availability of excellent characteristics. In addition to the base, it is necessary to take into account a number of other accompanying parameters.

It is possible to recommend the following synthetic oil for diesel engines with turbocharging: ZIC XQ5000, Castrol Edge Sport, Lukoil Avangard Professional, Shell Helix Ultra and others.

Additives

In addition to the base, there are special additives, which are called additives. It is believed that they improve the properties of oils. Additives have different effects:

• Antioxidant species stop the oxidative process;
• Detergents - clean the engine;
• Dispersants - prevent the formation of lumps;
• Anticorrosive form on the parts of the film, which does not give rise to corrosion;
• Anti-wear form a film that protects the surfaces of parts;
• Anti-seize create a film that prevents scuffing.

Also, there are additives that reduce the pour point, improve viscosity and so on. Can anyone use them all? Of course not. Engine oil for diesel engines with a turbocharger, like any other oil, already has in its composition the necessary components. So whether to spend money on advertising campaigns of companies - manufacturers of additives or not, it is up to the car owner.

Classification

There are different classifications of lubricating fluids. They differ in terms of viscosity, performance, seasonality.

Domestic classification has corresponding GOSTs. But their motorists practically do not know. The most common classifications are foreign: SAE, API, ACEA and SSMS. The latter is obsolete, but it can still be found in separate sources.

SAE

SAE means the use of oil at atmospheric temperature. In this regard, there are six winter and five summer classes. Winter is recognized by the letter W. The larger the class number, the higher the viscosity of the oil. The most common are all-weather oils. They have a double designation. The manufacturer always recommends a certain engine oil for diesel engines with turbocharging. "Volkswagen", for example, perfectly drives Castrol. The councils are based on the features of the engine designs and the arrangements of the companies producing car and oil with each other. Each class has its own maximum viscosity.

Classification by API of diesel units

This classification determines the quality of the substrate: the purity of impurities, the amount of coke. According to the API, lubricating fluids are divided into the following classes.

S (Service), suitable for four-stroke gasoline units.

C (Commercial) for commercial and industrial diesel engines, as well as agricultural and construction machinery.

The two-letter designation S or C, from A to L means the category (first) and the property level (second). The higher the quality, the farther from the beginning of the alphabet is the second letter.

SG / CD, SJ / CF - this means a universal class for gasoline and diesel engines.

EC is an additional energy-saving quality.

Let us dwell on the lubricating fluid for diesel units. They are suitable for the following classes:

• The SS is suitable for motors with or without light supercharging.
• CD corresponds to diesel units with a turbo-supercharging and high power, which requires the necessary extreme pressure and anti-load qualities. For example, suitable for this class is diesel engine oil with a turbocharged Toyota Diesel, RV Special.
• CE is required for strong turbo charging and operation at the highest loads. It corresponds to engine oil for diesel engines with a turbo and diesel particulate filter.
• CF can be operated on passenger cars with turbocharged diesel engines.
• CF2 - to the previous characteristics, compliance with two-stroke diesel engines is added .
• CF4 is an improved version of the CE class.
• CG4 and a new class of CH4 corresponds to engine oil for heavy duty diesel engines with turbocharging, where particularly heavy loads are required.

ASEA Classification

This is a European system, which demands more stringent requirements for motor oils than the previous one. It contains 12 classes, which are divided into 3 categories, where:

• A suitable for atmospheric engines;
• B - for diesel engines;
• C - for diesel engines, which fit into the Euro-4 standards;
• E - for truck diesels.

The numbers in categories mean the level of requirements. A higher number means higher requirements. Based on this classification, it is possible to "calculate" a suitable oil for diesel engines with a turbocharger and diesel particulate filter. This, for example, lubricants of class C.

Conclusion

Proceeding from the foregoing, it follows that it is necessary to be guided by many parameters, choosing motor oil for diesel engines with a turbo-supercharging. "Hyundai", "Honda", "BMW" or "Mercedes": any manufacturer recommends a certain brand of oil. However, this is not the main indicator when choosing an oil. The main recommendation, which should be adhered to, is to acquire a lubricating fluid according to the parameters in the classifications indicated by the manufacturer. Then, observing the rules of operation, your turbocharged diesel will serve the entire prescribed period.