Drilling holes in metal, in a tree. Drilling large holes in the wall

Drilling is included in the list of basic machining operations. With the help of special equipment, the master forms holes with certain parameters, which in the future can perform different functions. Moreover, measures of this kind are carried out both on individual elements of construction materials, and on finished structures. In particular, drilling of a hole in a partition can be made for the purpose of laying communication routes. Depending on the characteristics of the material being processed, appropriate equipment is used.

Description of machining by drilling

Most often this operation is a cutting of material, as a result of which a cylindrical hole is formed. But there are other sections - it depends on the tool used. In determining the parameters of the resulting hole, two main characteristics, depth and diameter, are taken into account. In accordance with the required parameters, equipment with a cutting head of the appropriate size is also selected. As for the instrument itself, with which you can drill a hole, it is represented by a wide range of devices and units with different characteristics. The most popular are electric drills, which can be used in the work with solid materials. The main thing is to choose the appropriate attachment. For soft building materials, it is sufficient to use manual mechanical drills.

Drilling holes in metal

For the processing of metal parts, electrical apparatuses are usually used, which are supplied with carbon steel drills. Before work it is very important to correctly mark the future holes. This is usually done by core. This device, even on hard surfaces, allows the formation of a conical groove, which will become the basis for "drilling." In order not to damage the workpiece, it is desirable to perform drilling of holes in the metal only with heads that have cutting edges. The presence of the latter depends on the quality of the grinding of the drill. The fact is that the angle of the cone can be different and is determined by the hardness of the material for which it is intended. The harder the metal grade, the more this angle should be, for example, steel is usually sharpened by 120 degrees.

Drilling of wood

The tree is one of the most malleable in the processing of materials, which led to a wide variety of tools that allow this kind of drilling. The simplest way to implement such a procedure is to use a gimlet, but it is suitable only for the formation of holes of small diameter. In general, the drill is used. It is sufficient to use a mechanical device in which a drill is attached. Despite the soft structure of the material, drilling holes in a tree requires great care. It is necessary to strictly maintain the verticality of the working element and at the same time provide moderate pressure. The quality of performing such operations largely depends on the position of the master. In the process of radial drilling of cylindrical wooden products, the drill can "lead away". Prevent these phenomena by using a conductor, which will provide the necessary balance of the position of the functional element.

Drilling holes in the wall

This task is the most difficult, because the materials of the construction of the walls differ in hardness and rigidity. The most effective tool for such tasks is a perforator with a diamond crown, but in some cases, you can do with an electric drill. The most important thing is to choose the right device according to performance. The power of the device should be not less than 600 W, and the frequency - up to 2500 rpm. The greatest difficulty can be caused by drilling large holes for laying ventilation ducts. The diameter of this channel can be 18-20 cm. A carbide drill with a diameter of at least 12 mm will help to create such a hole. That is, the formation of the desired hole size will have to be performed by a whole series of approaches. To begin with, you should designate the contours of the future channel, then with small indentations make holes on them. At the final stage, you can carefully drop an unnecessary fragment.

Technical nuances in the drilling process

Mechanical operations entail strong overheating of the working elements. Negative consequences of such processes can be reflected both in the form of damage to the processed material, and in the deformation of the drill. To prevent overheating, use coolants and greases. For a mechanical tool, ordinary water will suffice, and if a hole is to be drilled with a powerful electrical apparatus, a special emulsion should be prepared. In addition, the work with walls can be accompanied by abundant formation of concrete dust. To exclude the contamination of the entire site, it will not be superfluous to initially provide the possibility of supplying power tools with a special vacuum cleaner that will collect garbage during the operation.

Conclusion

Technological development of the construction tool allows today to perform qualitatively a wide range of machining activities, including drilling. And not only equipment, but also cutting elements is being improved. Improvement of high-strength carbide tips allows you to cope with both metal and brick. And it is possible to drill holes of this type without connecting specialists. True, the basics of the operation of the power tool and, in general, the features of the technological process, it is still necessary to know. For their part, manufacturers of drilling equipment also seek to meet the common consumer. As a result, along with increasing technical and operational parameters, such a tool acquires ergonomic grips, safety systems and protection against the same overheating.