Currant processing in autumn. Currant processing in autumn from pests

Currant is a plant that is unpretentious in growing. But that the shrub regularly give tasty and juicy fruits, it is necessary after the harvest to carry out its transplantation and pruning. Currant processing in autumn will be most useful. It will help to keep the soil moist, enrich it with oxygen, and also get rid of malicious pests.

How to care for the currant in autumn

It is known that only with active growth of a bush a rich crop is possible. The better the saplings will survive in the first year, the more ripe berries can be harvested. Therefore, starting from the first year of planting, the bush of the currant requires proper care, processing and creation of favorable conditions for subsequent fruiting and growth in general.

Achieve a high yield is possible only with regular soil cultivation, fertilizing fertilizers, systematic watering and pruning shrubs. In addition, an important place in the processing of currants in the fall is pest control. To prevent the latter from annoying the bush, it is enough to prepare the soil properly for winter: remove all the leaves and process entire layers of it, allowing the earth to restore its structure.

Such preparation of soil for the next season and additional fertilizing with mineral and organic fertilizers will not leave a chance for pests. Currant processing in autumn is a mandatory procedure for the future harvest. As they say, we are preparing a sleigh in the summer.

Preparing the soil for transplantation

Autumn is the most fertile time for planting new currant bushes and transplanting old ones. It is during this period that the soil compacts and settles slightly, which creates the best conditions for the rapid and maximum growth of seedlings in the spring. So, how to prepare the soil for a shrub transplant?

Currant, especially black, is a moisture-loving culture, so a moist soil should be chosen for transplantation, preferably in areas with a north-western slope. If possible, choose heavy loam or medium soil.

The territory of the planting of bushes must first be leveled and put in order, removing all debris and freeing them from weeds. Remember that a currant likes not only wet, but also loose soil. Therefore in the autumn the site is deeply digged and fed with humus or manure. It is possible to fertilize the earth with potassium and superphosphate. Top dressing should be done in early October. Transplant currant is carried out three weeks after fertilizing the soil. During this time, the soil will settle, and the holes prepared for planting will settle.

How correctly to transplant the currant?

Any garden culture has its own peculiarities of planting. Not an exception and berry bushes. The correct transplant of currant in the fall is as follows:

• The pit for the bush should be dug to a depth of 35 cm and measure 40x40 cm.
• Before planting the seedlings, the well is fertilized with 50 g of sulphate, several buckets of peat or compost, 200 g of superphosphate and 25 g of potassium chloride.

• Plant a bush in the hole is necessary under the slope.
• After planting, it is sprinkled with earth at the base and watered abundantly.

It should be noted that the currant is planted in rows, the distance between which should be at least 1.5 meters.

Why do I need pruning?

Processing of currant bushes in the autumn is associated with pruning of shrubs. Such an annual procedure will allow the plant to be fruitful on a regular basis. It is on young branches, whose age is not more than two years, and new ovaries are formed, while old branches die off.

The trimming procedure is as necessary and important as fertilizing the soil and watering it. Why is it necessary to process currant in the autumn by trimming?

1. This allows you to increase yield.
2. The growth of young shoots is increasing, therefore, the quality of berries is improved. Getting a lot of light, they become large, juicy, sweet and richer vitamins than grown in the shade.
3. Currant processing in autumn increases the flowering period, which means that the bush can bear fruit for about twenty years.

The main stages of processing

Cutting the bush not only increases the yield, but also facilitates the work of the horticulturist. The first trimming of the currant should be carried out immediately after landing in the ground, leaving only the lower buds on the seedling. This must be done before the first frost, in early October. So there will be enough time for the slices to heal, the general restoration has passed.

For this you need:

• Cut all the old branches with small berries.
• Dense internal branches pruned.
• Part of the bush lying on the ground is removed.
• Broken and weak branches are cut off without shoots.

To form a new young bush, 5-6 branches will be enough. Thus, the treatment of currant bushes in the fall by the trimming method will help to strengthen the growth of the root shoots, and hence, the appearance of larger and juicy berries. To finish pruning it is necessary for 4-5 year after landing in a ground. By this time, the correct mature currant bush is already formed.

Features of processing

The most common berry crop is black currant. Its value lies in the high content of vitamins in berries, leaves, buds and shrub shoots. This plant loves moisture and light.

The process of formation of the bush occurs somewhat differently than in other varieties. Processing of black currant in autumn is also associated with trimming of branches, but only there is a specificity.

• Formation of fruits occurs on last year's shoots and on the rings.
• Pruning black currant is carried out immediately after landing in the ground, but only cut all the shoots, leaving the three strongest branches with fruit buds formed on them.
• In the next three years, weed out weak and diseased branches, mostly with annual shoots.
• If the formation of basal shoots is poor, then pruning 1-2 main branches, thereby stimulating the growth of young shoots.
• Formation of the bush ends at the third - fourth year. As a result, up to 12 branches of different ages and with young growths are obtained.

Black currant also needs constant feeding. In autumn it is necessary to fertilize the shrub for two to three months. Why should this be done in the autumn period? The point is that in order for fertilizer to bring bush benefits, it takes time. After all, organic substances, such as chicken manure, manure, will decompose for 6 months. And will begin to affect the currant bush only in March, and the next three months will affect the development of the vegetative mass. Therefore, the soil should be treated in this way throughout the year, so that it is regularly fertilized, and the shrub received nutrients.

Pests and diseases, fighting with them

Protection of currant from dangerous pests and diseases includes a number of measures. But the basic factor in the fight against them is the elementary observance of the rules of agricultural technology. A well-kept garden will prevent the appearance of pests, and hence diseases. What do you need to do for this?

Currant processing in autumn from pests and diseases Must be carried out according to the following rules:

• It is necessary to acquire varieties resistant to pests and dangerous diseases.
• Use both insecticidal and fungicidal drugs.

• Treatment of currant in autumn from diseases involves spraying bushes. It is better to do it in dry weather, in the morning or in the evening. Do not exercise after dew, before or after rain!
• Use personal protective equipment.
• Treatment with chemical preparations and various infusions can be carried out up to five times a season. But the latter must pass 20 days before harvesting berries.

By observing these elementary rules, it is possible to avoid unwanted diseases of currant such as powdery mildew, goblet rust, anthracnose, currant sheaf gall midges and others.

How to deal with gnawing pests of currants

During flowering bushes and the formation of the first ovary, a piny-legged sawfly is a dangerous pest. Female it lay eggs on the top of branches, and on the largest ovary. Appearing from eggs, the larvae eat up the contents of barely tied berries. At the end of the harvest season, the larvae through the hole bored in the berry fall to the ground and go deep into the soil for the winter.

When fighting this pest, two times a season you need to spray the currant bushes with a solution of bitoxybacillin or lepidocide at a rate of 60 g per 10 liters of water. An effective method of controlling the sawfly is spraying the bushes with decoction and infusion of plants such as wormwood and tobacco. Treatment of currant in the fall from pests, in particular, from the pale-nosed sawfly, implies loosening of the soil and its digging. Pre-false caterpillars shake off the bushes on the oilcloth and destroy.

Especially dangerous pest for the currant is the kidney mite. It affects up to 80% of the kidneys of the whole bush. Affected by it, the kidneys become bloated-rounded. Leaves turn pale and deform.

All currant species are damaged by currant glass. This is a very dangerous pest. Caterpillars make passages in the heart of the branches. Shoots start to grow poorly, dry and die. To combat this pest in the spring, before the buds wake, you need to cut the damaged shoots. They can have caterpillars. Helps and spraying shrubs with the drug "Fitoverm" (2 ml per 1 liter of water).