Crime and Punishment: the main character. "Crime and Punishment": characters of the novel

Of all the Russian works, the novel Crime and Punishment, thanks to the education system, was probably the hardest hit. And indeed - the greatest story about strength, repentance and finding oneself in the end is reduced to writing students with essays on "Crime and Punishment", "Dostoyevsky", "Summary", "Main Heroes".

The book, which is able to change the life of each person, has turned into one more necessary homework. But how much controversial information is written and told by teachers about the main persons of the novel. It is worth trying to separate the grain from the chaff and make a brief description of the heroes of the story "Crime and Punishment". Than we now also will be engaged.

Notes from the student house

The main character of Crime and Punishment, a student of Rodion Raskolnikov, lives in extreme poverty. He regularly wears things to the old woman in the interest-bearing group to be able to at least feed. On the study can no longer be a question.

He himself lives in St. Petersburg and receives a letter from his family from his relatives. Sweethearted by his heart, Dunya's sister comes with her mother to the city, so that the girl would marry the rich businessman Luzhin. This sacrifice of the sister in the name of material wealth finally brings Rodion - he decides to kill and robbery. And his victim is the same old woman. But under the hot hand of the student, the innocent little sister of the interest-bearer also falls.

Raskolnikov was absolutely confident in his theory of "higher" and "lower" people, according to which, for the sake of great deeds, he is allowed to cross through ordinary mortals. However, suddenly he begins to suffer repentance, he can not use the stolen goods, and everything around him turns around him ...

He meets the unfortunate drunkard Marmeladov, who got under the wagon. His daughter Sonia, in the name of a large family, sacrifices her body every day. Compassion of Rodion makes him pay all the money that was with him, an unhappy family.

And the marriage of Dunya and Luzhin is hampered by Raskolnikov's close friend Razumikhin. He is madly in love with Rodion's sister, and he is not indifferent to it. The main character from the first meeting hated Luzhin, and the party Razumihin-Dunya to him much nicer.

All this time, terrible paranoia and spiritual anguish torment Raskolnikov. He feels all the blame for his crime, but has not yet decided to admit it. Rodion considers this all a "test of greatness."

Check for greatness

However, his meeting with Svidrigailov, the depraved landowner who had previously served as Dunya, finally breaks down. It was for her love that a new acquaintance of Raskolnikov arrived in St. Petersburg. Svidrigailov has long experienced the sin of murder and now sees Rodion as his "relative". But Raskolnikov reveals the whole essence of the murderer - not greatness, but an endless abomination; Not strength, but pity; Not power, but the inability to control oneself. From one thought that such a man can love his sister, Rodion has a heartache.

The last straw for the criminal student was the tragedy of the Marmeladov family: after the death of his father and breadwinner, Luzhin's humiliation of his eldest daughter (whom he accuses of stealing money), the expulsion of the family from the house and the tragic death of his mother, it completely changes. He hides with Sonya and confesses his crime. The girl asks him to surrender.

Conscience tells Raskolnikov to do the same, and he comes to the station. There he is comprehended by the last stunning news - Svidrigailov shot himself.

... The casket. Already confessing, but not repentant yet, Rodion is not very fond of his one-litter. Still true to his theory, he simply decides that he lost in these conditions. Sonya, who followed her beloved, takes everything nice and warm. The point in the story of the unfortunate murderer is the Gospel, which he now holds under the pillow, and the awakening infinite love for everything.

Teenager

Analysis of the characters in the novel "Crime and Punishment", of course, should begin with the description of Rodion Raskolnikov. And it is in analyzing his image and is the main drawback of school textbooks.

We are told endlessly about the deep background of the novel, about the complex psychological portrait of the main character, about the writer's ability to penetrate deeply into the souls of the characters, about the conflict of Nietzscheanism and humanism. But they forget to tell us why, in fact, it was written "Crime and Punishment".

The main value for Fyodor Mikhailovich was the last chapter, which is rarely discussed. After all, Dostoevsky says directly - no matter how much evil you have committed, while in your soul there is at least a string of good, you always have a chance to improve. After all, the first who went after Christ to Paradise was a robber. And what he had to do was just to repent.

Hence the name of the protagonist. For us, it must be important not to split within the individual, but rather, who eventually wins in the human soul. And this Dostoevsky persistently demonstrates - be corrected. In the name of himself.

This is the main purpose of the novel. Do not trace the movement of the crime, do not find out the essence of the inner swaying of the sinner, but give them a balm in the form of remorse. After all, it is, probably, the culmination and meaning of each person's life.

The dream of an unlucky person

The fact that the protagonist ("Crime and Punishment") actually has inwardly infinite good and compassion for the person, Dostoevsky demonstrates almost at the beginning of the novel. Even before killing an old woman and being on the very bottom available to a person, Raskolnikov sees a dream about a suffering horse, which was scored for not wanting to go.

The future killer does not want to interpret this dream and runs away from thinking about it as best he can. However, we, the readers, already understand that in reality in the soul of the unfortunate person there is repentance for each of his actions. He feels guilty even for such a trifle, how to see suffering in a dream and do nothing.

Humiliated and offended

For the second time Dostoevsky proves his genius, creating such a character as Sonia Marmeladova. In it is the entire duality of being.

A woman working as a prostitute would seem to be an example of a moral fall. But no! She is above all and everyone in the novel, a man who sacrifices himself. Christian faith teaches us that to give everything for others is the highest point of holiness.

In this case, Sonia Marmeladova may well be considered a saint. All her life she gave to the family, and when she was gone, she found another person - the one who was so lacking in kindness and honesty. The main character ("Crime and Punishment") finds peace because of it. And then Sonia goes to a new round of sacrifice. With the person she loves and who so needs her support, she goes to the end of the world.

A symbol of faith, it suffers on its way millions of hardships and sufferings, deceptions and false accusations. However, until the end he continues to bear his cross - silently and with kind eyes.

Svidrigailov's Double

The main characters in the novel "Crime and Punishment" do not end with Raskolnikov and Sonya. There is another important figure - not so much plot, as psychologically.

Svidrigailov is the future of the person walking along the path, supposed by Rodion. After all, it is clear from him that indulging your passions for power, love, adoration and greatness does not lead to anything good. As much as philosophers-egoists reflect, this all leads to the collapse and fall of the human spirit, the destruction of the soul.

And Svidrigailov is a vivid example of this. In it Rodion Raskolnikov can see all the problems of the existence of the murderer. Through Svidrigailova, the student can understand that what he calls power is actually weakness, and vice versa.

Going on their heads, through corpses is not the best idea. As a result, these people end up in one of two ways - either they will have to repent, or for the rest of their life to wallow in vice.

Poor people

The strongest tragedy is also happening on the second plans of the novel.

The main character ("Crime and Punishment"), although it is in focus, but this does not abolish the drama of characters around him.

Dunya is ready for anything for her older brother. She herself saw a misfortune for her life. This is probably what makes her character in the image of an infinite power and akin to love. She is close to Sonya. However, unlike her, she does absolutely sacrificial actions. Dunya goes through life, gritting his teeth, ready to take all adversity.

Because it surprises her brother's strange love. After all, he is ready to remove Dunya from Luzhin, an extremely profitable party, but a bad person, only for the reason that she will be unhappy with him.

For the reader and Dostoevsky, the image of Dunya is very important. After all, it is through Raskolnikov's concern for her that we understand that he is still a lost person while he cares for his loved ones.

Idiot

But who really left the world of good people forever, so it's Marmeladov. A man who has long been spitting on everything. Low drunkard, who gave the whole family as hostages to a terrible financial situation. It is from these that Raskolnikov grows the theory of the "trembling creature", it is worth it to cut with an ax and hate, it is through them that one should step over for the sake of great deeds!

Or not? As a result, Marmeladov, along with sleep and with Dunya, becomes the third of the main evidence that in Raskolnikov is still good. After all, the unfortunate protagonist ("Crime and Punishment") does everything in order to help a drunkard.

Kind of ruined life touches the soul of Rodion. He can not simply look at the suffering of another person. He is not able to stay away from grief, and even being in terrible spiritual quakes, must help.

Conclusion

All the characters of Dostoevsky are incredibly alive, with a wide and interesting biography. They are personalities, real people.

The list of heroes of "Crime and Punishment" is extensive, and every character in his own way is sorry. However, do not forget that they are all designed to revolve around Rodion Raskolnikov to tell his story.

And Raskolnikov's story, first of all, tells us about repentance. Not about psychological throwing, not about the choice between "the quivering creature" and "the right to have." And all the characters work on the idea that it's enough for a person to take one step to change forever ...